This document describes an automatic plant irrigation system that uses sensors and a microcontroller to control a motor and irrigation facilities based on soil moisture levels. The system consists of a sensor circuit to measure moisture, a microcontroller circuit, and a motor driver circuit. Sensors send signals to the microcontroller when the soil is dry or wet compared to a reference voltage. This turns the motor on to pump water when dry and off when wet, displaying the status on an LCD screen. The system aims to simplify irrigation for farms and gardens by automating the process based on soil conditions.

1. IINTRODUCTIONNTRODUCTION
 InIn the world of advance electronics, life of human beingsthe world of advance electronics, life of human beings
should be simpler hence to make life more simpler andshould be simpler hence to make life more simpler and
convenient, we have made “AUTOMATIC PLANTconvenient, we have made “AUTOMATIC PLANT
IRRIGATION SYSTEM”.IRRIGATION SYSTEM”.
 A model of controlling irrigation facilities to help millions ofA model of controlling irrigation facilities to help millions of
people. This model uses sensor technology withpeople. This model uses sensor technology with
microcontroller to make a smart switching devicemicrocontroller to make a smart switching device ..
 The model shows the basic switching mechanism of WaterThe model shows the basic switching mechanism of Water
motor using sensors from any part of field by sensing themotor using sensors from any part of field by sensing the
moisture present in the soil.moisture present in the soil.

2. BLOCK DIAGRAMBLOCK DIAGRAM
MICRO
CONTROLLER
AT895S2
SENSOR
CIRCUIT
POWER
SUPPLY
LCD SCREEN
MOTOR
DRIVER
CIRCUIT
PROBES TO
SOIL
DC
MOTOR

3. CIRCUIT DIAGRAMCIRCUIT DIAGRAM

4. WORKINGWORKING
 O ur pro je ct co nsist o f thre e stag e s nam e lyO ur pro je ct co nsist o f thre e stag e s nam e ly
se nso r circuit, m icro co ntro lle r circuit and m o to rse nso r circuit, m icro co ntro lle r circuit and m o to r
drive r circuit.drive r circuit.
 Se nso r circuit se nse s the co nditio n o f so il andSe nso r circuit se nse s the co nditio n o f so il and
co m pare s the vo ltag e with the re fe re nce vo ltag eco m pare s the vo ltag e with the re fe re nce vo ltag e
i. e . , 5v this is do ne by the IC tim e r 555.i. e . , 5v this is do ne by the IC tim e r 555.
 If the co nditio n o f so ilis le ss than the re fe re nceIf the co nditio n o f so ilis le ss than the re fe re nce
vo ltag e i. e . , dry the n the IC tim e r se nd the hig hvo ltag e i. e . , dry the n the IC tim e r se nd the hig h
sig nal(lo g ic ‘sig nal(lo g ic ‘ 11 ’ ) to Micro co ntro lle r PO RT’ ) to Micro co ntro lle r PO RT 3939 ,,
this willturn ‘O N’ the m o to r drive r circuit (l29 3d)this willturn ‘O N’ the m o to r drive r circuit (l29 3d)
which co nne cte d at PO RTwhich co nne cte d at PO RT 2121 and m ake m o to rand m ake m o to r
to pum p wate r to rhe fie ld.to pum p wate r to rhe fie ld.

5.  Whe n the so il be co m e s we t i. e , g re ate rWhe n the so il be co m e s we t i. e , g re ate r
than re fe re nce vo ltag e (5v) the tim e r se ndthan re fe re nce vo ltag e (5v) the tim e r se nd
lo g ic ‘0 ’ sig nalto m icro co ntro lle r which willlo g ic ‘0 ’ sig nalto m icro co ntro lle r which will
turn ‘o ff’ the m o to r drive r circuit and sto pturn ‘o ff’ the m o to r drive r circuit and sto p
pum ping wate r to the fie ld.pum ping wate r to the fie ld.
 The co nditio n o f m o to r and so il areThe co nditio n o f m o to r and so il are
displaye d in the LCD scre e ndisplaye d in the LCD scre e n ..

In this way the process is repeated,In this way the process is repeated,
whenever there is need of water to the field.whenever there is need of water to the field.

6. APPLICATIONSAPPLICATIONS
 Irrigation In Fields.Irrigation In Fields.
 Irrigation In Gardens, Parks.Irrigation In Gardens, Parks.
 Very Efficient For Paddy, Rice Fields.Very Efficient For Paddy, Rice Fields.
 PicsiculturePicsiculture ..

7. MERITSMERITS
 Highly sensitive, Low cost and reliable circuit.Highly sensitive, Low cost and reliable circuit.
 Works according to the soil condition.Works according to the soil condition.
 Complete elimination of manpower.Complete elimination of manpower.
 Can handle heavy loads up to 7A.Can handle heavy loads up to 7A.
 System can be switched into manual mode wheneverSystem can be switched into manual mode whenever
required.required.

8. DEMERITSDEMERITS
 This is applicable for only large farms.This is applicable for only large farms.
 Have limited life after installation due to the detoriation ofHave limited life after installation due to the detoriation of
the plastic component in a hot, arid climate when exposedthe plastic component in a hot, arid climate when exposed
to ultraviolet lightto ultraviolet light..

9. FUTURE EXTENSIONFUTURE EXTENSION
 The working of project is basically dependent on the output ofThe working of project is basically dependent on the output of
the humidity sensors. Whenever there is need of excess waterthe humidity sensors. Whenever there is need of excess water
in the desired field(RICE crops) then it will not be possible byin the desired field(RICE crops) then it will not be possible by
using sensor technology. For this we will have to adopt theusing sensor technology. For this we will have to adopt the
DTMF technology. By using this we will be able to irrigate theDTMF technology. By using this we will be able to irrigate the
desired field & in desired amount.desired field & in desired amount.

10. CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION
 In present days especially farmers are facing major problems
in watering their agriculture fields, it’s because they have no
proper idea about when the power is available so that they
can pump water. Even after then they need to wait until the
field is properly watered, which makes them to stop doing
other activities. Here is an idea which helps not only farmers
even for watering the gardens also, which senses the soil
moisture and switches the pump automatically when the
power is ON.

11. THTHANK YOU!!ANK YOU!!