Its a quick revision on Spinal & Peripheral Nerve poisoning for Exam point of view!
The slides are made in such a way that you can answer questions in exams easily
Inorganic (non metallic) irritant Poisons by Sunil Kumar Dahasunil kumar daha
Please find the power point on Inorganic (non metallic) irritants poisons. I tried to present it on understandable way and all the contents are reviewed by experts and from very reliable references. Thank you
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Inorganic (non metallic) irritant Poisons by Sunil Kumar Dahasunil kumar daha
Please find the power point on Inorganic (non metallic) irritants poisons. I tried to present it on understandable way and all the contents are reviewed by experts and from very reliable references. Thank you
For More Medicine Free PPT - http://playnever.blogspot.com/
For Health benefits and medicine videos Subscribe youtube channel - https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLKg-H-sMh9G01zEg4YpndngXODW2bq92w
It is useful for identification of the type of firearm, ammunition, and range i.e. the distance of the target from the muzzle end of the barrel of the firearm.
This lecture includes Introduction to Poisons, Different Types of Classification of Poisons, Analysis of Poisons (Volatile, Nonvolatile) (Acidic, Basic, Neutral).
Sulphuric acid as a corrosive poison. the characteristics, fatal dose, fatal time, sign and symptoms, post-mortem appearance and medicolegal importance are discussed
Toxicology of Strychnine poisoning with properties, active principles, uses, metabolites, actions, signs, symptoms, tetanus vs strychnine poisoning, treatment, postmortem findings and medico-legal importance
The chief vegetable purgatives are aloes, colocynth, gamboge, jalap,
scammony, seeds of castor-oil plant, croton-oil, elaterium, the
hellebores, and colchicum. All these have, either alone or combined,
proved fatal. The active principle in aloes is aloin; of jalap, jalapin;
of white hellebore, veratria; and of colchicum, colchicin. Morrison's
pills contain aloes and colocynth; aloes is also the chief ingredient in
Holloway's pills
It is useful for identification of the type of firearm, ammunition, and range i.e. the distance of the target from the muzzle end of the barrel of the firearm.
This lecture includes Introduction to Poisons, Different Types of Classification of Poisons, Analysis of Poisons (Volatile, Nonvolatile) (Acidic, Basic, Neutral).
Sulphuric acid as a corrosive poison. the characteristics, fatal dose, fatal time, sign and symptoms, post-mortem appearance and medicolegal importance are discussed
Toxicology of Strychnine poisoning with properties, active principles, uses, metabolites, actions, signs, symptoms, tetanus vs strychnine poisoning, treatment, postmortem findings and medico-legal importance
The chief vegetable purgatives are aloes, colocynth, gamboge, jalap,
scammony, seeds of castor-oil plant, croton-oil, elaterium, the
hellebores, and colchicum. All these have, either alone or combined,
proved fatal. The active principle in aloes is aloin; of jalap, jalapin;
of white hellebore, veratria; and of colchicum, colchicin. Morrison's
pills contain aloes and colocynth; aloes is also the chief ingredient in
Holloway's pills
Anxiety is an emotional state, unpleasant in nature, associated with uneasiness, discomfort and concern or fear about some defined or undefined future threat. It has several types. the presentation includes pharmacologic approach of anxiety disorder.
Anticolinergico, Los anticolinérgicos son medicamentos que se utilizan para tratar y controlar una amplia gama de enfermedades. Estos medicamentos bloquean e inhiben la actividad del neurotransmisor acetilcolina en los sistemas nerviosos central y periférico. Al hacerlo, inhiben las acciones del sistema nervioso parasimpático, que es responsable de las funciones de "descanso y digestión" del sistema nervioso autónomo.
This ppt describes on neuroleptanalgesia which is used for the chemical restraint of large animals. It also contains various combinations of neuroleptanalgesics. Neuroleptanalgesia is a combination of neurolept/ tranquiliser and an opiod analgesic.
Parasympatholytics are the drugs that block or inhibit the actions of acetylcholine at postganglionic nerve endings and cholinergic receptors. They are also referred to as anticholinergics or cholinergic blocking agents or antispasmodics.
Anticholinergic drugs include atropine and related drugs- atropine is the prototype. Atropine is obtained from the plant Atropa belladonna. Atropine and scopolamine (hyoscine) are the belladonna alkaloids. They compete with acetylcholine for muscarinic receptors and block this receptors-they are muscarinic antagonists.
Similar to Spinal and peripheral nerve poisons quick review (20)
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
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Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
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MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
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Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
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AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
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the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
2. STRYCHNOS NUX-VOMICA (KUCHILA)
Loganiaceae family.
The ripe fruit contains seeds which are poisonous.
They are flat, circular discs, 2.5 × 0.6 cm, slightly concave on one side and
convex on the other, ash grey in color, have a shiny surface and are covered
with silky hairs.
They look like enlarged RBCs.
Unbroken seeds are not poisonous, as the hard pericarp is not soluble in digestive
juices.
6. USES
It is used as a
respiratory stimulant
rodenticide
for killing stray dogs
herbal and homeopathic remedies
purgative
appetite suppressant
a constituent of nerve tonics.
It can be found as an adulterant in some street drugs
(cocaine, heroin and amphetamines).
7. ACTIONS
Strychnine competitively antagonizes the inhibitory neurotransmitter glycine by
blocking its post-synaptic uptake by brainstem and spinal cord receptors
The inhibiting effect of glycine is reduced and nerve impulses are triggered with
lower levels of neurotransmitters.
There is no inhibitory effect, the motor neurons do not stop their stimulus and the victim
will have constant muscle contractions
Its action is particularly in the anterior horn cells (especially in Renshaw cells of the
spinal cord).
GABA, the neurotransmitter for presynaptic inhibitory neurons is not affected by
strychnine
8. SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
A 'conscious' seizure is the characteristic presentation of strychnine poisoning.
Bitter taste
Choking sensation in throat and stiffness of the neck and face.
Prodromal symptoms: Restlessness, increased acuity of perception, increased rigidity of muscles
and muscular twitchings.
Face: Cyanosed, look is anxious, eyes are staring, eyeballs are prominent and the pupils are dilated.
Mouth is filled with bloodstained froth.
Convulsions: The threshold for CNS stimulation is lowered with the result that any sensory stimulus
(pain, touch or noise) may produce violent muscular spasm.
Initially, clonic but eventually become tonic and affect all the muscles at the same time.
9. SIGNS & SYMPTOMS CONTD.
Risus sardonicus results from contraction of the jaw and facial muscles in which the
corners of the mouth are drawn back.
Convulsions are most marked in anti-gravity muscles resulting in hyperextension
(opisthotonus)
Sometimes, the spasm of the abdominal muscles may bend the body forward
(emprosthotonus) or sideways (pleurosthotonus).
Duration of convulsions is about half to 2 min.
In between convulsions, muscles are completely relaxed. Patient looks well, but exhausted
and breathing is resumed.
After 5-15 min, on the slightest impulse, like sudden noise, current of air or on gently
touching the patient, another convulsion occurs.
10. SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
CONTD.
Increased muscle tone, hyperreflexia, agitation, restlessness and
convulsions lead to
lacticacidosis
rhabomyolysis
hyperthermia.
Death occurs within 4-5 convulsions as the patient cannot breathe.
Consciousness is not lost and the mind remains clear till death.
Death is due to medullary paralysis or asphyxia due to spasm of
respiratory muscles or due to exhaustion.
13. TREATMENT
There is no antidote for strychnine poisoning.
Maintain clear airway and adequate ventilation.
Control of convulsions: Dark room, free from noise and disturbance.
Benzodiazepines remain the first-line of treatment for strychnine induced muscular hyperactivity.
Diazepam 0.1-0.5 mg/kg IV slowly.
If ineffective, general anesthetics and/or muscle relaxants, like gallamine should be given.
Barbiturates, like pentobarbital sodium or sodium amytal are antidotes. Dose: 300-600 mg IV.
Gastric lavage with KMnO4 may be done cautiously, if there are no convulsions. Activated
charcoal is recommended as it adsorbs strychnine and may reduce its absorption if given 1 h of
ingestion.
Hyperthermia is treated by active cooling with ice water immersion, cooling blanket or mist and
fan.
Symptomatic treatment.
14. PMF
i. Not characteristic.
ii. Rigor mortis appears early.
iii. Signs of asphyxia.
iv. Extravasated blood may be found in the muscles.
v. Viscera are congested.
15. Death is usually accidental due to overdose, quack remedies and
poison
mistaken for some other harmless drug, or in children eating the seeds.
It is used as an aphrodisiac, as cattle and arrow poison and to kill
dogs and rats.
Differentiation 53.1:
20. ACTION
It blocks the postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the
muscles
Thus causing flaccid paralysis of skeletal muscles.
21. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
paralysis of voluntary muscles
followed by paralysis of respiratory muscles resulting in death
from asphyxia.
The mind remains clear till the end.
23. TREATMENT
Artificial respiration and O2 should be given.
If applied to a wound or introduced by an arrow, a ligature should be
applied proximal to the site and is washed with a solution of KMnO4.
Atropine 0.6-1.2 mg, followed by physostigmine (1-2 mg, physiological
antidote) or neostigmine (0.5- 1 mg) subcutaneously should be given.
24. PMF
Those of asphyxia.
Skin and tissue from the wound due to the arrow or injection
should be preserved.
25. MLI
Most deaths are from its use in anesthesia.
It is also used as arrow poison.
26. CONIUM MACULATUM (HEMLOCK)
spotted hemlock
because of the purple spots on its stem
All parts of the plant are poisonous
whole plant has a mousy odor which is intensified by crushing
the leaves or stems.
27.
28. ACTIVE PRINCIPLES
Coniine, methyl coniine and six other alkaloids.
Coniine content is highest in the unripe fruit and seeds.
29. ACTIONS
It causes paralysis of the motor nerve terminals in the muscles,
gradually spreading to the motor cells of the spinal cord and the brain.
30. SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
Nausea, unpleasant mousy odor in breath.
Ingestion causes
burning in the mouth and throat
gastric inflammation
vomiting, diarrhea
slow respiration and pulse
mental confusion
tremors
blindness.
This is followed by progressive muscular paralysis due to depression of the motor nerves.
The lower limbs are affected first and the paralysis ascends till the muscles of
respiration are affected.
Delirium, convulsions and coma may supervene and the patient dies of asphyxia due to
respiratory paralysis. The mind remains clear till the end.