South Asia History
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The Indus River Valley civilization was one of the earliest urban societies in Asia, dating back 4500 years to the cities of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro. It declined between 1700-1500 BCE after nearly a millennium of prosperity due to earthquakes and floods. Around 1500 BCE, nomadic Aryan groups settled in South Asia and developed Sanskrit. Over time, a caste system emerged organizing society into distinct social groups. The Mauryan Empire rose to power in the 300s BCE under the rule of Emperor Ashoka, who promoted Buddhism. The Gupta Empire in the 4th century AD was a period of cultural and scientific achievements. British rule from the mid-1800s onward led to
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History of south asia
The document provides a history of South Asia from the Indus River Civilization in 2300 BCE to modern times. It describes the major empires that ruled over South Asia such as the Mauryan Empire and the Mughal Empire. It also discusses the arrival of Europeans in the 1500s and the establishment of British rule in India in the late 1700s/early 1800s. The document summarizes the independence of India and Pakistan in 1947 and the liberation of Bangladesh from Pakistan in 1971. It provides brief overviews of other modern South Asian countries including Bhutan, Nepal, Sri Lanka, the Maldives, and conflicts within the region.
22.1 South Asia
The document summarizes the history and cultures of South Asia. It discusses how the Aryans introduced the caste system and Hinduism to the region. Major empires like the Maurya, Gupta, and Mughal shaped South Asia politically and culturally. The British later colonized the subcontinent, and India gained independence in 1947 through Gandhi's nonviolent movement, though partition along religious lines led to conflict. Today, South Asia is religiously and linguistically diverse, with Hinduism, Islam, and many other faiths and languages represented.
South Asia
The document provides information about the geography, history, and peoples of South Asia. It describes the Indian subcontinent and how the Himalayan mountain range was formed by the collision of tectonic plates. It discusses major physical features like rivers, landforms, and climate zones. It also profiles the various countries of South Asia, including their histories, cultures, economies, and current events.
South Asia Presentation
The document provides an overview of the geography, history, and religions of South Asia. It summarizes that South Asia was formed when a piece of Gondwanaland collided with Asia, forming the Himalayas. It describes the major geographical features and climate of South Asia. It then outlines the major empires that ruled over South Asia, including the Mauryan Empire, Gupta Empire, Mughal Empire, and eventual British colonization. The document also summarizes the origins and key beliefs of Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and the ancient Indus Valley Civilization.
Political History of South Asia
This document provides an overview of the political history of South Asia. It discusses several key periods and empires:
- The Indus River Civilization from 2300-1750 BCE, which had advanced urban planning, sanitation systems, and agriculture.
- The Aryan Empire from 1500-1000 BCE that introduced the caste system and Vedic scriptures.
- The Mauryan Empire founded in 320 BCE by Chandragupta Maurya and expanded by Emperor Ashoka, unifying most of South Asia.
- The Gupta Empire from 320-550 CE that was a period of advancement in science, mathematics, astronomy, literature, and art.
- The Mughal Empire
Mahamud of ghazni and mohammad of ghur
Mahmud of Ghazni and Mohammad of Ghur were rulers from the 11th-12th century who invaded northern India from their power bases in Ghazni and Ghur, located in modern day Afghanistan. Mahmud raided India 17 times between 1001-1025, plundering wealthy temples and cities to fund his empire. Mohammad of Ghur conquered the Rajput kingdoms in the late 12th century and established the Delhi Sultanate under his general Qutb al-Din Aibak, laying the foundations for Turkic rule in northern India.
INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION
The Indus Valley Civilization was one of the three earliest civilizations in the Old World, located along the Indus River valley in modern-day Pakistan and northwest India from 3300-1300 BCE. At its height, the civilization's cities like Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro had populations over 5 million and sophisticated urban planning with drainage and water supply systems. While its writing remains undeciphered, the civilization developed new crafts and trade. By 1800 BCE, the civilization began declining as its connections with other regions were lost and some cities were abandoned, possibly due to flooding of the Saraswati River. Around 1500 BCE, nomadic Aryan groups migrated into the region, introducing new languages and religious
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The document provides a history of South Asia from the Indus River Civilization in 2300 BCE to modern times. It describes the major empires that ruled over South Asia such as the Mauryan Empire and the Mughal Empire. It also discusses the arrival of Europeans in the 1500s and the establishment of British rule in India in the late 1700s/early 1800s. The document summarizes the independence of India and Pakistan in 1947 and the liberation of Bangladesh from Pakistan in 1971. It provides brief overviews of other modern South Asian countries including Bhutan, Nepal, Sri Lanka, the Maldives, and conflicts within the region.
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The document summarizes the history and cultures of South Asia. It discusses how the Aryans introduced the caste system and Hinduism to the region. Major empires like the Maurya, Gupta, and Mughal shaped South Asia politically and culturally. The British later colonized the subcontinent, and India gained independence in 1947 through Gandhi's nonviolent movement, though partition along religious lines led to conflict. Today, South Asia is religiously and linguistically diverse, with Hinduism, Islam, and many other faiths and languages represented.
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The document provides information about the geography, history, and peoples of South Asia. It describes the Indian subcontinent and how the Himalayan mountain range was formed by the collision of tectonic plates. It discusses major physical features like rivers, landforms, and climate zones. It also profiles the various countries of South Asia, including their histories, cultures, economies, and current events.
South Asia Presentation
The document provides an overview of the geography, history, and religions of South Asia. It summarizes that South Asia was formed when a piece of Gondwanaland collided with Asia, forming the Himalayas. It describes the major geographical features and climate of South Asia. It then outlines the major empires that ruled over South Asia, including the Mauryan Empire, Gupta Empire, Mughal Empire, and eventual British colonization. The document also summarizes the origins and key beliefs of Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and the ancient Indus Valley Civilization.
Political History of South Asia
This document provides an overview of the political history of South Asia. It discusses several key periods and empires:
- The Indus River Civilization from 2300-1750 BCE, which had advanced urban planning, sanitation systems, and agriculture.
- The Aryan Empire from 1500-1000 BCE that introduced the caste system and Vedic scriptures.
- The Mauryan Empire founded in 320 BCE by Chandragupta Maurya and expanded by Emperor Ashoka, unifying most of South Asia.
- The Gupta Empire from 320-550 CE that was a period of advancement in science, mathematics, astronomy, literature, and art.
- The Mughal Empire
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INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION
The Indus Valley Civilization was one of the three earliest civilizations in the Old World, located along the Indus River valley in modern-day Pakistan and northwest India from 3300-1300 BCE. At its height, the civilization's cities like Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro had populations over 5 million and sophisticated urban planning with drainage and water supply systems. While its writing remains undeciphered, the civilization developed new crafts and trade. By 1800 BCE, the civilization began declining as its connections with other regions were lost and some cities were abandoned, possibly due to flooding of the Saraswati River. Around 1500 BCE, nomadic Aryan groups migrated into the region, introducing new languages and religious
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23 1 Southeast Asia Cultures and History
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Aryans
The document summarizes the arrival and civilization of the Aryans in northern India around 1500 BC. The Aryans migrated from southern Russia with superior weapons and conquered the Indus region, establishing themselves as war-like nomadic herders. Their civilization developed over two periods - the Vedic Age from 1500-1000 BC, where they preserved oral traditions in sacred texts called the Vedas, and the Epic Age from 1000-500 BC, which was defined by the composition of the great epics, the Ramayana and Mahabharata. Aryan society consisted of a caste system with four classes - Brahmins (priests), Kshatriyas (warriors), Vaishy
15.2- History of South Asia
Thousands of years ago, people settled in the Indus Valley region of South Asia, establishing cities like Mohenjo-Daro that showed signs of urban planning. Over time, invaders like the Aryans influenced the culture and religions of the region, helping form Hinduism. Buddhism also originated in India under leaders like Emperor Ashoka in the 3rd century BC, who helped spread it. European traders became interested in South Asia for its spices and pearls in the 1600s, with the British East India Company establishing coastal trading posts. India gained independence in 1947 after nonviolent protests led by Gandhi, though Pakistan and Bangladesh were formed to separate Muslim and Hindu populations.
Chapter 1 Overview Indus Valley
The Indus River Valley civilization arose around 2600 BCE and was centered around the cities of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro. The cities had well-planned layouts with modern plumbing and drainage systems. Writing from this time has yet to be translated. The civilization faced challenges from unpredictable rivers and strong winds/monsoons. It declined around 1500 BCE, possibly due to natural disasters, overuse of land, or invaders.
Indus valley civlization
The Indus Valley Civilization was an ancient civilization located in what is Pakistan and northwest India today, on the fertile flood plain of the Indus River and its vicinity. Evidence of religious practices in this area date back approximately to 5500 BCE. Farming settlements began around 4000 BCE and around 3000 BCE there appeared the first signs of urbanization. By 2600 BCE, dozens of towns and cities had been established, and between 2500 and 2000 BCE the Indus Valley Civilization was at its peak.
South Asia Powerpoint
The document provides an overview of the geography, climate, vegetation, and history of South Asia. It describes the major geographical features like the Himalayan Mountains and river systems like the Ganges, Indus, and Brahmaputra rivers. It discusses how the formation of the Himalayas influenced other landforms and natural resources in the region. It also provides brief summaries of the history, culture, languages, and governments of India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and other South Asian countries.
Indus Valley Civilization
The Indus Valley Civilization was one of the earliest urban civilizations in the world, located along the Indus River valley in what is now Pakistan and northwest India from 3300-1300 BCE. Some key points about this civilization include that it developed from nomadic settlers who established agricultural cities like Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa along the Indus River, which had advanced architecture made of standardized baked bricks. While the civilization remains not fully understood, aspects of its urban planning, trade, and religion are evident from archaeological findings.
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The document discusses the Mauryan Empire and the Gupta Empire in India. It explains that Ashoka unified the Mauryan Empire by conquering neighboring kingdoms and established a strong central government. Ashoka adopted Buddhist values like non-violence and respect for all living things, which he spread by inscribing edicts on pillars and walls. The Gupta Empire is described as a "golden age" because of advances in art, literature, science, and mathematics during this period of peace and stability.
Geography of south asia
South Asia has a population of over 1.5 billion people as of 2010. The region is experiencing rapid demographic changes, including a falling infant mortality rate, though it varies significantly between countries. The total fertility rate is around 2.78 children per woman. The annual population growth rate for the region was approximately 1.43% in 2012. However, poverty remains widespread, with over 40% of the population living below the international poverty line. Resources are also becoming increasingly scarce as the population continues to rise dramatically.
Indus valley civilisation
The Indus Valley Civilization was a Bronze Age civilization located in what is now Pakistan and northwest India. It was one of three early civilizations in the Old World, along with ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia. The civilization was highly advanced and urbanized, with well-planned cities containing sophisticated water and drainage systems. Trade networks extended across Afghanistan, Persia, and parts of India and Mesopotamia. While the precise form of governance is unknown, archaeological evidence suggests the presence of a central authority. The Indus Valley Civilization declined around 1300 BCE, possibly due to environmental changes.
The mauryan empire
presentation on Mauryan Empire for 1st semester MA Ancient Indian history, culture, and archaeology Seminar.
Mauryan empire
The Maurya Empire was a large empire in ancient India ruled by the Mauryan dynasty from 322-185 BCE with its capital in Pataliputra. Chandragupta Maurya founded the empire in 322 BCE and unified India, ruling until 298 BCE when he abdicated to his son Bindusara. Bindusara expanded the empire further south during his reign from 298-272 BCE. His son Ashoka became emperor and ruled most of the subcontinent from 269-232 BCE, being one of India's greatest emperors. After Ashoka, Dasaratha ruled from 232-224 BCE over a declining empire that lost some territories during his reign.
Maurya colg.ppt
The document provides information about the Mauryan Empire in India, which lasted from 322 BCE to 185 BCE. It discusses key figures like Chandragupta Maurya, the founder of the empire, his advisor Kautilya, and the emperor Ashoka. It notes that the empire originated in the Magadha Kingdom and highlights aspects of its administration, economy, society, and artistic achievements during this period, including the construction of pillars and stupas by Ashoka.
Ancient indian civilization
The ancient Indus Valley civilization developed along the Indus River in modern-day Pakistan from around 3000 BCE. Two major cities, Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro, dominated the region by 2500 BCE, and the civilization traded with neighbors. The Harappans developed new technologies like wheeled vehicles and standardized weights and measures. Though the nature of their religion is unclear, they built large baths for ritual purification. Around 1500 BCE, nomadic Indo-European peoples called the Aryans migrated into the region, introducing iron and horses. They composed sacred texts called the Vedas and epics like the Ramayana, and also established social hierarchies later forming the caste system.
Indus valley civilization tyba
The Indus Valley Civilization was discovered in 1921 in modern-day Pakistan and northwest India. It consisted of over 1,500 sites spread across 1.3 million square kilometers, including major cities like Harappa, Mohenjo-Daro, and Lothal. The civilization demonstrates sophisticated urban planning and infrastructure, including standardized bricks, streets, drainage systems, and water supply. Residents practiced agriculture and domesticated animals, and engaged in regional trade of materials, shells, and other goods. Though the script remains undeciphered, the civilization likely had its own religious beliefs and language. It declined around 1500 BCE possibly due to environmental changes like floods. Recent excavations continue adding to understanding of the advanced Bronze Age
Rise of magadha
The document summarizes the rise of the Magadha kingdom and the administrative structure of the Mauryan Empire under Chandragupta Maurya and Ashoka. It describes how the Magadha rulers grew powerful due to their iron resources and strategic locations. It then outlines the three levels of administration in the Mauryan Empire - the central, provincial, and local levels - and some of the key positions and departments at each level, such as the council of ministers, accountant general, and district officers.
Kings, Farmers and Towns
This document discusses the developments in South Asia between 600 BCE to 600 CE. It mentions the emergence of agricultural settlements, pastoral settlements, and megalithic burials across northern India, the Deccan plateau, and parts of South India. Sixteen major kingdoms known as Mahajanapadas emerged in northern India, with Magadha being the most prominent. In the south, chiefdoms like the Cholas, Cheras and Pandyas arose. The Mauryan Empire was the first imperial power and was administered through five major centers. New notions of
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The document defines key concepts related to states and governments. It explains that a state is a territory with a government that has full control over internal and external affairs, while a nation refers to a group of people with a shared culture. It then lists and provides brief descriptions of four main types of governments: democracy, monarchy, dictatorship, and communism.
How,when and where
Hindu,Muslim and British In AD 1817,a scottish economist and political philosopher called James mill divided india’s past into three periods–Hindu,muslim and british. mill’s preiodisation was widely accepted at the time. But today,many historians do not agree with his division of the past into hindu or muslim periods on the basis of the religion of rulers. They point out the number of problems with such a classification. firstly,not all ancient a rulers were hindu and not all medival indian rulers were muslim.Many rulers in ancient india belonged to other faiths , such as Buddhism Jainism, etc
Nowdays, many historians classify India past into the ancient, the medival and the modern period.The ancient period said to have ended in the 7th century AD with the death of harshavardhana. The medival period is said to extend from AD 700 to AD 1750.This was the period of regional rulers such as the cholas ,rajputs, the palas, etc. the modern is period is to have begun in the 18th centuary AD.The British also exploited the country resources for their own gain-they collected revenue from the land owners. There polices
Gradually turned india from an exporter of finished goods to an exporter of raw material of british goods. This led to a huge drain of wealth and resources of india . Such subjucation of one country by another that brings about political social ecnomic and cultural changes is called colonisation. Therefore, this period which saw the colonisation of india is also called the colonial periods in indian history.
New political formations After Aurangzeb’s death in AD 1707, mughal power declined and many regional and political forces began to assert their authority over the subcontinent. A number of independent states were carved out of the old mughal provinces in the 18th century AD. Among these the states of Awadh,Bengal and Hyderabad were important. They were founded by mughal nobels the state of hyderabad was founded by Chin Qilich khan , the state of bengal was established by Murshid Quli khan , while awadh became independent under Sa’adat khan another important state at the time was Mysore ,which was never under direct
Mughal control. It had emerged as a powerful state under Hyder Ali and his son Tipu sultan. As Mughal power faded ,other political groups, such as the raj puts, the Marathas , the Sikhs, and the also seized control of various territories . Tipu sultan Aurangzeb
The British intially came to India for trade. They were interested in setting up trading centers for exchanging Indians goods, not conquering territories . They tried to take control of indian markets and setup trading posts they came in conflict with religions powers and other euoropean traders , like the Dutch and Protuguese after that they soon realised the need for occuping territories to established their power by AD 1757 , The British had forcibly taken control on bengal .
THIS PROJECT WAS MADE BY: RAHUL KUMAR BHAGAT
South asia chee - 2014
1) The document provides an overview of the history and societies of South Asia, including the Indus Valley Civilization, Vedic period, rise of Buddhism and Hinduism, Mauryan and Gupta Empires, and arrival of Islam.
2) It discusses key figures like the Buddha and Ashoka, and the development of religions like Buddhism, Jainism, and popular forms of Hinduism.
3) The document also summarizes the complex caste system in South Asia and the role of gender relations, as well as the growth of trade networks in the Indian Ocean world.
Southeast asia powerpoint.
This is my report in International Cuisine Lecture. The content is about the food of the South East Asian countries. I hope it can help :)
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South Asia Physical
South Asia's physical landscape has been shaped by its geography. The Himalayan and Hindu Kush mountains form barriers to the north, while the Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal, and Indian Ocean surround it on three sides. The region is divided into three major regions - the northern mountains, northern plains, and Deccan plateau. The Himalayas and Hindu Kush mountains influence South Asia's climate and contain many of the region's major river systems like the Indus and Ganges.
23 1 Southeast Asia Cultures and History
The document provides an overview of Southeast Asian history and culture. It discusses how the Khmer Empire influenced Cambodia and surrounding regions. It also explains how India and China impacted Southeast Asian religions and Vietnam. European colonialism in the 1500s divided the region until independence movements in the 1900s. The Vietnam War involved the US supporting South Vietnam against Communist North Vietnam and their allies in Cambodia and Laos. The brutal Khmer Rouge regime killed over a million Cambodians before being defeated.
Aryans
The document summarizes the arrival and civilization of the Aryans in northern India around 1500 BC. The Aryans migrated from southern Russia with superior weapons and conquered the Indus region, establishing themselves as war-like nomadic herders. Their civilization developed over two periods - the Vedic Age from 1500-1000 BC, where they preserved oral traditions in sacred texts called the Vedas, and the Epic Age from 1000-500 BC, which was defined by the composition of the great epics, the Ramayana and Mahabharata. Aryan society consisted of a caste system with four classes - Brahmins (priests), Kshatriyas (warriors), Vaishy
15.2- History of South Asia
Thousands of years ago, people settled in the Indus Valley region of South Asia, establishing cities like Mohenjo-Daro that showed signs of urban planning. Over time, invaders like the Aryans influenced the culture and religions of the region, helping form Hinduism. Buddhism also originated in India under leaders like Emperor Ashoka in the 3rd century BC, who helped spread it. European traders became interested in South Asia for its spices and pearls in the 1600s, with the British East India Company establishing coastal trading posts. India gained independence in 1947 after nonviolent protests led by Gandhi, though Pakistan and Bangladesh were formed to separate Muslim and Hindu populations.
Chapter 1 Overview Indus Valley
The Indus River Valley civilization arose around 2600 BCE and was centered around the cities of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro. The cities had well-planned layouts with modern plumbing and drainage systems. Writing from this time has yet to be translated. The civilization faced challenges from unpredictable rivers and strong winds/monsoons. It declined around 1500 BCE, possibly due to natural disasters, overuse of land, or invaders.
Indus valley civlization
The Indus Valley Civilization was an ancient civilization located in what is Pakistan and northwest India today, on the fertile flood plain of the Indus River and its vicinity. Evidence of religious practices in this area date back approximately to 5500 BCE. Farming settlements began around 4000 BCE and around 3000 BCE there appeared the first signs of urbanization. By 2600 BCE, dozens of towns and cities had been established, and between 2500 and 2000 BCE the Indus Valley Civilization was at its peak.
South Asia Powerpoint
The document provides an overview of the geography, climate, vegetation, and history of South Asia. It describes the major geographical features like the Himalayan Mountains and river systems like the Ganges, Indus, and Brahmaputra rivers. It discusses how the formation of the Himalayas influenced other landforms and natural resources in the region. It also provides brief summaries of the history, culture, languages, and governments of India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and other South Asian countries.
Indus Valley Civilization
The Indus Valley Civilization was one of the earliest urban civilizations in the world, located along the Indus River valley in what is now Pakistan and northwest India from 3300-1300 BCE. Some key points about this civilization include that it developed from nomadic settlers who established agricultural cities like Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa along the Indus River, which had advanced architecture made of standardized baked bricks. While the civilization remains not fully understood, aspects of its urban planning, trade, and religion are evident from archaeological findings.
Mauryan empire and the gupta empire
The document discusses the Mauryan Empire and the Gupta Empire in India. It explains that Ashoka unified the Mauryan Empire by conquering neighboring kingdoms and established a strong central government. Ashoka adopted Buddhist values like non-violence and respect for all living things, which he spread by inscribing edicts on pillars and walls. The Gupta Empire is described as a "golden age" because of advances in art, literature, science, and mathematics during this period of peace and stability.
Geography of south asia
South Asia has a population of over 1.5 billion people as of 2010. The region is experiencing rapid demographic changes, including a falling infant mortality rate, though it varies significantly between countries. The total fertility rate is around 2.78 children per woman. The annual population growth rate for the region was approximately 1.43% in 2012. However, poverty remains widespread, with over 40% of the population living below the international poverty line. Resources are also becoming increasingly scarce as the population continues to rise dramatically.
Indus valley civilisation
The Indus Valley Civilization was a Bronze Age civilization located in what is now Pakistan and northwest India. It was one of three early civilizations in the Old World, along with ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia. The civilization was highly advanced and urbanized, with well-planned cities containing sophisticated water and drainage systems. Trade networks extended across Afghanistan, Persia, and parts of India and Mesopotamia. While the precise form of governance is unknown, archaeological evidence suggests the presence of a central authority. The Indus Valley Civilization declined around 1300 BCE, possibly due to environmental changes.
The mauryan empire
presentation on Mauryan Empire for 1st semester MA Ancient Indian history, culture, and archaeology Seminar.
Mauryan empire
The Maurya Empire was a large empire in ancient India ruled by the Mauryan dynasty from 322-185 BCE with its capital in Pataliputra. Chandragupta Maurya founded the empire in 322 BCE and unified India, ruling until 298 BCE when he abdicated to his son Bindusara. Bindusara expanded the empire further south during his reign from 298-272 BCE. His son Ashoka became emperor and ruled most of the subcontinent from 269-232 BCE, being one of India's greatest emperors. After Ashoka, Dasaratha ruled from 232-224 BCE over a declining empire that lost some territories during his reign.
Maurya colg.ppt
The document provides information about the Mauryan Empire in India, which lasted from 322 BCE to 185 BCE. It discusses key figures like Chandragupta Maurya, the founder of the empire, his advisor Kautilya, and the emperor Ashoka. It notes that the empire originated in the Magadha Kingdom and highlights aspects of its administration, economy, society, and artistic achievements during this period, including the construction of pillars and stupas by Ashoka.
Ancient indian civilization
The ancient Indus Valley civilization developed along the Indus River in modern-day Pakistan from around 3000 BCE. Two major cities, Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro, dominated the region by 2500 BCE, and the civilization traded with neighbors. The Harappans developed new technologies like wheeled vehicles and standardized weights and measures. Though the nature of their religion is unclear, they built large baths for ritual purification. Around 1500 BCE, nomadic Indo-European peoples called the Aryans migrated into the region, introducing iron and horses. They composed sacred texts called the Vedas and epics like the Ramayana, and also established social hierarchies later forming the caste system.
Indus valley civilization tyba
The Indus Valley Civilization was discovered in 1921 in modern-day Pakistan and northwest India. It consisted of over 1,500 sites spread across 1.3 million square kilometers, including major cities like Harappa, Mohenjo-Daro, and Lothal. The civilization demonstrates sophisticated urban planning and infrastructure, including standardized bricks, streets, drainage systems, and water supply. Residents practiced agriculture and domesticated animals, and engaged in regional trade of materials, shells, and other goods. Though the script remains undeciphered, the civilization likely had its own religious beliefs and language. It declined around 1500 BCE possibly due to environmental changes like floods. Recent excavations continue adding to understanding of the advanced Bronze Age
Rise of magadha
The document summarizes the rise of the Magadha kingdom and the administrative structure of the Mauryan Empire under Chandragupta Maurya and Ashoka. It describes how the Magadha rulers grew powerful due to their iron resources and strategic locations. It then outlines the three levels of administration in the Mauryan Empire - the central, provincial, and local levels - and some of the key positions and departments at each level, such as the council of ministers, accountant general, and district officers.
Kings, Farmers and Towns
This document discusses the developments in South Asia between 600 BCE to 600 CE. It mentions the emergence of agricultural settlements, pastoral settlements, and megalithic burials across northern India, the Deccan plateau, and parts of South India. Sixteen major kingdoms known as Mahajanapadas emerged in northern India, with Magadha being the most prominent. In the south, chiefdoms like the Cholas, Cheras and Pandyas arose. The Mauryan Empire was the first imperial power and was administered through five major centers. New notions of
Political geography
The document defines key concepts related to states and governments. It explains that a state is a territory with a government that has full control over internal and external affairs, while a nation refers to a group of people with a shared culture. It then lists and provides brief descriptions of four main types of governments: democracy, monarchy, dictatorship, and communism.
How,when and where
Hindu,Muslim and British In AD 1817,a scottish economist and political philosopher called James mill divided india’s past into three periods–Hindu,muslim and british. mill’s preiodisation was widely accepted at the time. But today,many historians do not agree with his division of the past into hindu or muslim periods on the basis of the religion of rulers. They point out the number of problems with such a classification. firstly,not all ancient a rulers were hindu and not all medival indian rulers were muslim.Many rulers in ancient india belonged to other faiths , such as Buddhism Jainism, etc
Nowdays, many historians classify India past into the ancient, the medival and the modern period.The ancient period said to have ended in the 7th century AD with the death of harshavardhana. The medival period is said to extend from AD 700 to AD 1750.This was the period of regional rulers such as the cholas ,rajputs, the palas, etc. the modern is period is to have begun in the 18th centuary AD.The British also exploited the country resources for their own gain-they collected revenue from the land owners. There polices
Gradually turned india from an exporter of finished goods to an exporter of raw material of british goods. This led to a huge drain of wealth and resources of india . Such subjucation of one country by another that brings about political social ecnomic and cultural changes is called colonisation. Therefore, this period which saw the colonisation of india is also called the colonial periods in indian history.
New political formations After Aurangzeb’s death in AD 1707, mughal power declined and many regional and political forces began to assert their authority over the subcontinent. A number of independent states were carved out of the old mughal provinces in the 18th century AD. Among these the states of Awadh,Bengal and Hyderabad were important. They were founded by mughal nobels the state of hyderabad was founded by Chin Qilich khan , the state of bengal was established by Murshid Quli khan , while awadh became independent under Sa’adat khan another important state at the time was Mysore ,which was never under direct
Mughal control. It had emerged as a powerful state under Hyder Ali and his son Tipu sultan. As Mughal power faded ,other political groups, such as the raj puts, the Marathas , the Sikhs, and the also seized control of various territories . Tipu sultan Aurangzeb
The British intially came to India for trade. They were interested in setting up trading centers for exchanging Indians goods, not conquering territories . They tried to take control of indian markets and setup trading posts they came in conflict with religions powers and other euoropean traders , like the Dutch and Protuguese after that they soon realised the need for occuping territories to established their power by AD 1757 , The British had forcibly taken control on bengal .
THIS PROJECT WAS MADE BY: RAHUL KUMAR BHAGAT
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South asia chee - 2014
1) The document provides an overview of the history and societies of South Asia, including the Indus Valley Civilization, Vedic period, rise of Buddhism and Hinduism, Mauryan and Gupta Empires, and arrival of Islam.
2) It discusses key figures like the Buddha and Ashoka, and the development of religions like Buddhism, Jainism, and popular forms of Hinduism.
3) The document also summarizes the complex caste system in South Asia and the role of gender relations, as well as the growth of trade networks in the Indian Ocean world.
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This is my report in International Cuisine Lecture. The content is about the food of the South East Asian countries. I hope it can help :)
--cddlr <3
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South Asian History
These Notes are essential for a student LL.B. 5 years semester system course outline.
I am hoping the students will find it very interesting!
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Art Of South And Southeast Asia After 1200 Alex, Ivana, Callie 1
The document provides an overview of art in South and Southeast Asia after 1200 CE. It discusses the luxury arts of India, Buddhist art in India featuring sculptures and architecture, Hindu art including temple architecture and sculpture, and the influence of Islam with the rise of the Mughal Empire and architecture like the Taj Mahal. Theravada Buddhism is described in Burma and Thailand along with notable structures like the Shwe Dagon Pagoda. The arts of Southeast Asian regions like Vietnam, Cambodia, and Indonesia are also summarized. The document concludes with the British colonial influence in India and modern Indian art.
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South Asia History
- 2. Indus River Valley ● Asia’s first cities 4500 years ago o Harappa o Mohenjo Dahro Brick buildings Carefully laid out streets Ceremonial Gateways Buildings to store grain With the growth in population the civilization thrived by farming, trade, and the use of small industry. ● Copper & Bronze tools ● Cotton cloth ● Clay pottery
- 3. Indus River Valley ● The Indus civilization declined between 1700 and 1500 BCE after nearly a thousand years of prosperity. ● It is believed that earthquakes and floods may have damaged the cities and the Indus river itself may have changed course. Indus Valley: http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/primaryhistory/indus_valley/ Crash Course: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n7ndRwqJYDM&feature=c4-overview-vl&list=PLBDA2E52FB1EF80C9
- 4. Aryans ● 1500 BCE nomadic herders called Aryans settled in South Asia ● Believed to have come from the Caucuses ● Developed a spoken language called Sanskrit o Passed on hymns and teachings by word of mouth
- 5. Aryans Sanskrit later became a written language and teachings were written in sacred texts called Vedas The Vedas show that Aryans were organized into four Varnas or social groups 1. Priests 2. Warriors 3. Farmers 4. Unskilled Laborers/Servants Over time a Caste system emerged. A Caste is a social group a person is born into and cannot change. The term for Caste in South Asia is Jati.
- 6. Maurya ● Rise to power in 300s BCE ● Founded by Maurya family ● Most famous ruler Asoka o Was a Buddhist o Let his people practice other religions o Sent Buddhist missionaries throughout Asia o Dedicated his life to peace ● Empire prospered through trade ● After Asoka’s death invasions led to Mauryan Empire’s fall
- 7. Gupta Empire ● In 320 AD Gupta Empire set up in ● Northern India by Chandragupta I ● Under Hindu rulers contact with the outside world led to: o Increased trade o Academia thrived Science Medicine Art Mathematics ● South Asian mathematicians developed the numerals 1-9 used today o Later adopted by Muslim Arab traders and eventually brought to Europe
- 8. Moguls ● During the early 1500s Muslim warriors known as Moguls came from the North of India. ● Akbar was the greatest Mogul ruler. o Added lands to the empire o Lowered taxes o Supported the arts o Allowed Hindus to worship freely and hold government positions ● Later Mogul rulers were not as good o Heavy taxes led to rebellion o Foreign invasions led to empires collapse in the 1700s
- 9. Modern History ● 1600s British established the East India Trading Co. ● Through trade and Military might the British became the dominant power in South Asia by the 1800s. ● As British tried to introduce European practices and ideas South Asians became resentful. ● Indian soldiers attempted revolt in 1857 but failed. ● British textiles destroyed economies of the region with heavy taxes on poor ● Severe famines and poor health care under British rule kept resentment and tensions high.
- 10. Gandhi ● Mohandas “Mahatma” Gandhi born in 1869. ● Mahatma means great one. ● Goal was to bring independence to India ● Opposed violence of all forms. ● Believed Civil Disobedience was preferable. o Used Fasts as social protest. o Held Strikes o Refused to buy British goods o Led the Dandi Salt march in 1930. o Was imprisoned many times for many years. ● Independence gained in 1947 but as two nations. o Hindu controlled India o Muslim controlled Pakistan ● Assassinated in in 1948
- 11. South Asia today ● Upon independence West & East Pakistan were created. ● Hindus fled the Pakistan’s to India and Muslims fled India to the Pakistan’s. ● Half a million died in fighting ● In 1971 Civil War broke out between East and West Pakistan. ● East Pakistan became Bangladesh. ● In 1948 Britain gave independence to the island of Ceylon which reclaimed it’s ancient name of Sri Lanka ● In 1965 the Maldive Islands gained its independence from Britain.
- 12. India & Pakistan ● Tensions remain between the two countries today. ● Religious differences ● Both countries claim ownership of Kashmir in the Himalayas and Karakoram mountains ● They have fought several wars over the region. ● Both countries have nuclear weapons ● Through peace talks the countries have better relations but are still in disagreement over Kashmir.
- 13. Bangladesh Timeline: http://www.bbc.com/news/world-south-asia-12651483 Bhutan Timeline: http://www.timelines.ws/countries/BHUTAN.HTML India Timeline: http://www.bbc.com/news/world-south-asia-12641776 http://www.timeforkids.com/destination/india/history-timeline
- 14. Nepal Timeline: http://www.bbc.com/news/world-south-asia-12499391 Pakistan Timeline: http://www.bbc.com/news/world-south-asia-12966786 Sri Lanka Timeline: http://www.bbc.com/news/world-south-asia-12004081