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Introduction
On the 23rd of November 2016, all us which is the Semester 1 students which
consists of 46 students went to a site visit which was being planned by the integrated
modules which are Measurement 1, Building Materials and also Construction Technology 1
lecturers in Semester 1. We were being assigned to do a report that we had compiled the
information that we got from the site visit. Upon reaching the site, all the 46 of us were
being brief by the Construction Manager, Mr. Lim Yang.
Picture showsstudentlistening onthe brief givenbyMr.Lim Yang
Picture of site

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The brief introduction of the project are as follow :-
Name Of Project Taman Impian Murni by Purcon Sdn. Bhd
Location of the project
Taman Impian Murni (Lot 3607), Jalan Tanjung Balai
(Lorong Haji Yusof) Seksyen 30, 40460 Shah Alam,
Selangor
Pupose of the project
Build 42 bungalows for the bumiputeras in the area
- 8 units triple-storey terrace house
- 38 units double storey terrace house
Cost of the whole Project Approximately RM 1.1 million
Selling Price RM 585, 000 to RM 985, 000
Duration of the Project 1 year 6 months
Estimated time to Complete October 2017
Land Area 20’ x 63’
Developer Khas Perkasa Sdn Bhd
Method Of Project Conventional Method
SITE PLAN OF THE PROJECT

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Objectives
Upon coming back from the site, I have :
 Understand the basic of the construction process such as working spaces,
observing and also recalling back the topics that had been taught by the
lecturers in the class instead of looking at the notes only.
 Experience and learn more about construction and knowledge that I need to
know before entering the construction site and also after becoming a Quantity
Surveyor which is dealing with the weather and the risk that may occur on
site.
 Understand on the importance of safety and also notes that should be taken
before entering to a construction site before any incidents happened. For
example, we need to wear a helmet and also suitable shoes and also not
slippers before entering a construction site.
 Better understanding on the construction drawing and also details for taking
off.
 Chance to learn about different types of machinery and the uses by
observing, such as excavator, concrete mixer, crane and also bar cutting
machine.

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FOUNDATION AND SLAB
For this section, RC pile foundation (rough foundation) is used as a foundation for
the house. By using this foundation, it helps them to save a lot of cost on the piling,
because, lesser piles would be used. The method that they used are friction piling,
because, the soil on that area is soft. Thus, it is the best to use friction piling in the
site because the load carried by a pile is borne by the friction developed between the
sides of the pile and the surrounding ground. Not only that, based on the picture
below, the method of the slab and ground beam arrangement are a more unusual,
because there are no pile caps for the pile. This method is being used by the
structural engineer whereby the floor slab used is non-suspended slab and the
ground beam is being built in advance and later the concrete of the slab will be
poured on top of the hardcore and also the ground beam. Moreover, the mesh fabric
reinforcement (BRC) and the reinforcement bar of the slab and beam are not
connected together. By using this method, settlement can be avoided but the
concrete used would be more.
Picture of slab
PILE
GROUND BEAM
HARDCORE
CONCRETE BED / SLAB
BRICKWALL
SLAB
GROUND BEAMSTARTER BAR

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CONCRETE FRAME
The concrete frame consists of a frame or skeleton of concrete. It is divided into two
which are the horizontal member and also the vertical member. Horizontal member
consists of beams, vertical member consists of column and the human walk on flat
planes of concrete are called as slab. The concrete that are being used for all the
concrete frame is Grade 25.
COLUMN
ATTACHED
BEAM
SUSPENDED FLOOR
SLAB

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BEAM
Beams are traditionally description of building or civil engineering structural elements
and it is the horizontal member of the concrete frame structure and carries the
diagonal load. The shape of beam in cross-section is rectangle in shape. The
bending force induced to the material of the beam is a result of external load, own
weight, span and external reactions to these loads called bending moment. Usually,
beams are characterized by their profile (shape of cross-section),their length and
also the material used.
In this project, there are three types of beams which are ground beam, isolated
beam and also attached beam. The concrete used is Concrete Grade 25
ISOLATED BEAM
Picture above shown is an isolated beam. Isolated beam is a beam whereby it is not
attached to a floor slab. An isolated beam usually stands alone. Usually isolated
beams are on the roof which is also called as roof beam.
ISOLATED
BEAM

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ATTACHED BEAM
Picture below shown is an attached beam. Attached beam is a beam whereby it is
attached to the floor slab. An isolated beam is usually attached to the slab. Usually
attached beam is located on the floors between roofs and also ground beams.
Sometimes, there is attached beam on the roof to locate the tank of the house.
The attached beam on the right on the picture shown above are bigger than usual to
place the window. They made the beam bigger to replace the lintol. The beam on the
left is smaller because the strength that it require doesn’t have to be too big because
there are no windows or doors.
ATTACHED
BEAM

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GROUND BEAM
Picture above shows ground beam on site. Ground beams are designed to support
the brick/ brickwork or to form a permanent shutter to the edge of the insitu concrete
of the floor slab. The amount of reinforcement bars introduced to the design will be
used to balance the specific loading requirements. Not only that, the beams are also
to design to withstand any heavy forces with the use to void forming or compressible
materials.
Installation may require pilling, then once it is completed, the excavation of the
ground to a width and depth required by the design or shuttered above.
Reinforcement bars is then placed and the pile reinforcement is tied into the ground
beam. After inspection of the relevant authorities, the beam will be concreted.
GROUND
BEAM

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COLUMN
Column is a vertical member of the concrete frame structure. Loads from ceiling,
floor slab and also beam, including the self-weight are transferred from column to the
foundation. Construction site uses R.C.C columns widely nowadays. The term itself
applied especially to a large round support with a capital base or pedestal and made
of stone, or may be appearing to be so. A post, which is a small wooden or metal
supports with a rectangular or other non-round sections are called as piers. For the
purpose of wind or earthquake engineering, columns may be designed to resist
lateral forces. Other compression members are often termed "columns" because of
the similar stress conditions.
The above picture shows the column on the second floor of the terrace house. Some of the
walls don’t have stiffeners to stiffen the columns. When the wall is short, there are starter
bars for the brickwork where it is being tied with the bricks. It is also known as the 40d/42d of
starter bar in measurement. It is being used like this to prevent the wall from cracking by the
contractor, especially when bricks is joint with concrete. When doing construction, there are
vibration therefore the starter bars are there to protect the column from collapsing.
COLUMN
STARTER
BAR
Picture showsthe timberformworkforthe
column.Forthisproject,theyare usingtimber
formworkwhichisalsocalledthe traditional
formwork.We were alsoseeingthe workers
sawingthe timberforthe formwork.
TIMBER
FORMWORK

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FORMWORK
The formwork that are being used by this project is timber formwork. Timber
formwork is a traditional formwork. The formwork is built on site out of timber and
plywood or moisture-resistant particleboard. It is easy to produce but time-
consuming for larger structures, and the plywood facing has a relatively short
lifespan. It is still used extensively where the labour costs are lower than the costs
for procuring reusable formwork. It is also the most flexible type of formwork, so even
where other systems are in use, complicated sections may use it.
REINFORCEMENT BAR
The reinforcement bar is being placed
like the picture above is to tie the
formwork together when they pour the
concrete in.
Picture shows the worker sawing
a part of the timber formwork for
the column.

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SLAB
The type of slab for second floor for this project is suspended slab. Suspended slab
are slabs that are not direct contact to the ground. This forms roofs or floors above
ground level. Suspended slabs are grouped into two types: one which is supported
on two sides. The other one is two way slabs which are supported on all four sides.
Suspended slab are attached to the beam.
When measuring the finishing level and the concrete level wouldn’t be the same.
This is because when the tiles are being applied on the concrete, the level wouldn’t
be the same because of the depth of the concrete.
FLOOR
SLAB
ATTACHED
BEAM
This happened because column
cannot reach the same level of
the soffit because of the beam
size. Sometimes, column and
column aren’t the same because
there are drop.

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MATERIALS USED
The materials used in the construction of concrete framed building is concrete,
reinforcement bars and also mesh fabric reinforcement.
ROOF
SLAB
Picture shows cement which is also a
mixture of concrete. Concrete Grade 25
is being used as the concrete. Mixture of
Grade 25 is 1:2:4 (cement : sand : coarse
aggregate ) These concrete are being
used in the floor slab, piling, column and
also beams.
CONCRETE

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Photos and Description
Picture shows the reinforcement bars of the
slab. The concrete cover for the reinforcement
bars are 12mm thick. The purpose of concrete
cover is to protect the reinforcement bars when
there are fire. Thus, fire will burn the concrete
cover first. The reinforcement bars are being
bent in shape before the concrete is being
poured in.
Picture shows the mesh fabric
reinforcement (BRC) that is being used
on site. BRC is being laid in the slab.
REINFORCEMENT BARS
MESH FABRIC REINFORCEMENT
(BRC)
LINTOL
Lintol is placed above the door.
When there are no lintol, and there’s
door frame or window frame, after a
period, the door will not be able to be
opened. The presence of lintol is to
push the pressure back up. Lintol
needs to be longer than the door
minimum 6 inch.

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BRICKS
These bricks are arranged in stretcher
bond method. This bond is sometimes
known as running bond. This bond is
the simplest bond that is used today.
Stretcher Bond is normally used a
farcade for the main structural building.
It can look very plain, but with the
introduction of other patterns can look
very affective
SAND BRICKS AND
CLAY BRICKS
They used clay brick wall between
houses because when house 1 gets on
fire, it will take time to burn down house
2. This is because clay brick will take
aprroximately 1 hour to burn. Not only
that, it is also the bomba’s requirement
to put on the clay brick.
ROOF
The roof that they used is a aluminium
roof. It is more durable and leak
resistant. The disadvantage of using
this aluminium roof is that it makes a lot
of noises when it rains.

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Conclusion
This site visit had been a wonderful site visit. This is because I had gained a
lot of knowledge and not only that, I have also saw a lot of things that I learned in
lecture classes becoming real in front of my eyes. Other than that, I also have the
chance to see all the slabs, beams, concrete, BRCs and also got the picture of how it
really looks like.
Unlike in lecture halls, lecturer also give us pictures and also slides to
understand a materials and how it works, but students can’t really get the real picture
of the materials, for example, mesh fabric reinforcement. So, by following this site
visit, I have already have the real picture of what is happening in the construction site
PVC PIPE
The PVC Pipe is being inserted into the
wall for wiring. This is to protect the wire
and also the wiring man. With the
presence of PVC, the wireman can
detect if there is a wire or not. Without
the PVC, the wireman might drill into the
wire, and that might cause a lot of
problems.
SCAFFOLDING
The Scaffolding that are being used
in the site is independent
scaffolding. It consists of double row
of standards. The distance between
the lines of standards should be the
minimum necessary to
accommodate the required number
of boards and toe boards.

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and what is needed to be used so that it can make the building stiffer and nicer
despite the soft soil and also the humid weather.
Other than that, on the day of site visit, I have also learnt to be patient despite
the scorching hot weather outside. This made me thought that whenever I want to
learn something I need to be patient and nothing can stop me from learning
something new. Not only that, I also realized that, working in a construction industry
is not as easy as I thought it would be because we need to bear the hot weather and
also the soft soil, but, when there is a will there is a way.
This site visit is also add points whereby it is an unique experience to be
exposed to the actual working site that I will be working at in the near future. This site
visit had brought more benefits to me and I do hope that I could join more site visits
in the near future to gain more and more knowledge.

SITE VISIT REPORT