Structures final 20th june

1. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING AND DESIGN
BACHELOR OF QUANTITY SURVEYING (HONOURS)
STRUCTURES (BLD 61203)
FINAL ASSIGNMENT: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
OF A RC BUNGALOW
GROUP REPORT
NAME
LECTURER
SUBMISSION DATE
LAI EUGENE
LAU WAN YEE
LIM YIN RU
NG KAI CHUN
TEE WAN NEE
YAP FOONG MEI
MS ANN SEE PENG
19TH JUNE 2018
0324075
0328947
0329931
1101G13410
0325074
0324867

2. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
Table of Contents
1.0 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE BUNGALOW
1.1 LOCATION
1.2 USAGE
2.0 ARCHITECTURAL PLANS
2.1 GROUND FLOOR PLAN
2.2 ROOF PLAN
3.0 STRUCTURAL PLANS
3.1 FOUNDATION PLAN
3.2 GROUND FLOOR PLAN
3.3 ROOF PLAN
4.0 DESIGN BRIEF
4.1 LIVE LOADS ASSUMED
4.2 SLAB SYSTEM CALCULATION
5.0 BEAM AND COLUMN ANALYSIS
5.1 LOAD DISTRIBUTION PLANS
5.2 LIM YIN RU
5.2.1 BEAM H/6-­8
5.2.2 BEAM I/5-­6
5.2.3 BEAM 6/G-­J
5.2.4 BEAM J/3-­6
5.2.5 COLUMN 6/J
5.2.6 COLUMN 6/G
5.3 TEE WAN NEE
5.3.1 BEAM E-­F/7
5.3.2 BEAM F/6-­8
5.3.3 BEAM E/6-­8
5.3.4 BEAM C-­F/1
5.3.5 COLUMN 8/F
5.3.6 COLUMN 6/G
5.4 LAU WAN YEE
5.4.1 BEAM 8/A-­D
5.4.2 BEAM D/6-­8
5.4.3 BEAM 8/D-­F
5.4.4 BEAM 6/A-­D
5.4.5 COLUMN 8/A
5.4.6 COLUMN 8/D
5.5 YAP FOONG MEI
5.5.1 BEAM E/1-­3
5.5.2 BEAM F/1-­3
5.5.3 BEAM D-­G/3
5.5.4 BEAM E-­F/2
5.5.5 COLUMN 1/C
5.5.6 COLUMN 1/F
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
17
21
25
31
37
40
44
48
53
58
62
65
70
75
80
85
91
95
100
105
110
115
120
124
2

3. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
Table of Contents
5.6 NG KAI CHUN
5.6.1 BEAM B/4-­6
5.6.2 BEAM A-­D/4
5.6.3 BEAM A/3-­6
5.6.4 BEAM D/3-­6
5.6.5 COLUMN A/3
5.6.6 COLUMN A/6
5.7 LAI EUGENE
5.6.1 BEAM H/1-­3
5.6.2 BEAM G-­J/3
5.6.3 BEAM G-­J/5
5.6.4 BEAM G/3-­6
5.6.5 COLUMN H/1
5.6.6 COLUMN J/3
3
129
133
137
141
145
148
153
158
164
169
174
178

4. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
Brief Description of The Bungalow
Skyville is a modern industrial-­inspired bungalow which strategically located in a
quiet neighbourhood of USJ 5, Subang Jaya.
It is just a short drive from major roads and expressways such as Lebuhraya
Damansara-­Puchong (LDP), Highway and NPE highway. It is a convenient
residential location with easy access to necessities from Taipan Business Centre,
Subang Business Centre as well as shopping centres such as Subang Parade,
Sunway Pyramid and Empire Subang shopping mall.
The location is also ideal for students as there are universites, primary and
secondary schools nearby as well as hospitals too. It is a 20 minute walk to the
nearest LRT station (Taipan LRT).
4
LOCATION
5, Jalan USJ 5/1h, USJ 5, 47600 Subang Jaya, Selangor
Skyville is a single storey bungalow -­ approximately 288m2 of living space,
which consists of 1 master bedroom with attached bathroom, 2 bedrooms, 2
bathrooms, kitchen, living area, dining area and 1 store room.
Skyville can cater a family of 4-­6 people, or 3 roommates.
A house is simply a structure used for human habitation but more
importantly, it is a building that functions as a home.
USAGE - Residential

5. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
GROUND FLOOR PLAN
ARCHITECTURAL PLANS
(GROUND FLOOR)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
H
C
A
B
D
E
F
G
I
J
140
00
600
0
400
0
300
0
500
0
250
0
250
0
10
00
20
00
250
0
25
00
35
00
600
0
130
00
350
0
250
0
300
0
400
0
600
0
300
0
300
0
200
0
200
0
1000
5

6. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
ROOF PLAN
ARCHITECTURAL PLANS
(ROOF)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
H
C
A
B
D
E
F
G
I
J
140
00
600
0
400
0
300
0
500
0
250
0
250
0
10
00
20
00
250
0
25
00
35
00
600
0
130
00
350
0
250
0
300
0
400
0
600
0
300
0
300
0
200
0
200
0
1000
6

7. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
H
C
A
B
D
E
F
G
I
J
140
00
600
0
400
0
300
0
500
0
250
0
250
0
10
00
20
00
250
0
25
00
35
00
600
0
130
00
350
0
250
0
300
0
400
0
600
0
300
0
300
0
200
0
200
0
PAD FOOTING LAYOUT PLAN
STRUCTURAL PLANS
(FOUNDATION)
C
1
C
1
C
1
C
1
P
1
C
1
C
1
C
1
C
1
P
1
P
1
P
1
P
1
C
1
C
1
P
1
P
1
C
1
C
1
C
1
P
1
P
1
P
1
P
1
P
1
P
1
P
1
C
1
C
1
C
1
C
1
P
1
P
1
P
1
1000
7

8. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
H
C
A
B
D
E
F
G
I
J
140
00
600
0
400
0
300
0
500
0
250
0
250
0
10
00
20
00
250
0
25
00
35
00
600
0
130
00
350
0
250
0
300
0
400
0
600
0
300
0
300
0
200
0
200
0
GROUND FLOOR PLAN
ALL SLABS SHALL BE 150mm THK. UNLESS OTHERWISE STATED
STRUCTURAL PLANS
(GROUND FLOOR)
C
1
C
1
C
1
C
1
C
1
C
1
C
1
C
1
C
1
C
1
C
1
C
1
C
1
C
1
C
1
C
1
C
1
1000
8

9. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
9
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
H
C
A
B
D
E
F
G
I
J
140
00
600
0
400
0
300
0
500
0
250
0
250
0
10
00
20
00
250
0
25
00
35
00
600
0
130
00
350
0
250
0
300
0
400
0
600
0
300
0
300
0
200
0
200
0
STRUCTURAL PLANS
(ROOF)
C
1
C
1
C
1
C
1
C
1
C
1
C
1
C
1
C
1
C
1
C
1
C
1
C
1
C
1
C
1
C
1
C
1
ROOF PLAN
1000
9

10. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
DESIGN BRIEF
1. Materials used
Obtained from UBBL -­ Fourth Schedule: Weight of Materials (By-­law 56)
Material Weight of Material
Reinforced concrete 24kN/m3
Brickwork 19kN/m3
3. Live loads
Obtained from UBBL -­ Fourth Schedule: Uses and loads (By-­law 59)
Refer to plans on next page
4. Specification Assumptions
Size of beams 150mm x 300mm
Size of columns (C1) 300mm x 300mm
Thickness of slab 150mm thick
Height of brick wall 3.000m
Thickness of brick wall 150mm thick
Size of pad footings (P1) 1500mm x 1500mm
2. Roof Assumptions
Dead load 1.0kN/m2
Live load 0.5kN/m2
5. Slab system
Formula: Ly/Lx > 2 = One way slab
Ly/Lx ≤ 2 = Two way slab
Refer to plans on next page
10

11. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
BEAM AND COLUMN LAYOUT
GROUND FLOOR PLAN
ALL SLAB THICKNESS 150mm THK
DESIGN BRIEF (LIVE LOADS ASSUMED)
GROUND FLOOR
BEDROOM 1
BATH 1
BEDROOM 2
LIVING AREA
LIVING AREA
LIVING AREA
BEDROOM 1
DINING AREA
DINING
AREA
BATH 1
MASTER BEDROOM
MASTER BEDROOM
CORRIDOR
KITCHEN BATH 3
KITCHEN
STORE
1.5kN/m2
1.5kN/m2
1.5kN/m2
1.5kN/m2
1.5kN/m2
1.5kN/m2
2.0kN/m2
2.0kN/m2
2.0kN/m2
2.0kN/m2
2.0kN/m2
1.5kN/m2
1.5kN/m2
1.5kN/m2
4.0kN/m2
3.0kN/m2
3.0kN/m2
1000
6000 13000
3500 2500 3000 4000 6000
3000 30002000 2000
14000
6000400030005000
2500250010002000250025003500
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
H
C
A
B
D
E
F
G
I
J
C1
C1
C1
C1
C1
C1
C1
C1
C1
C1
C1
C1
C1
C1
C1
C1
C1
11

12. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
Ly = 4.500
Lx = 2.000
Ly/Lx > 2
.˙. One
way slab
Ly = 2.500
Lx = 2.000
Ly/Lx ≤ 2
.˙. Two
way slab
Ly = 3.000
Lx = 2.500
Ly/Lx ≤ 2
.˙. Two way slab
Ly = 3.000
Lx = 2.500
Ly/Lx ≤ 2
.˙. Two way slab
1000
6000 13000
3500 2500 3000 4000 6000
3000 30002000 2000
14000
6000400030005000
2500250010002000250025003500
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
H
C
A
B
D
E
F
G
I
J
Ly = 4.000 Lx = 3.500
Ly/Lx > 2
.˙. One way slab
BEAM AND COLUMN LAYOUT
GROUND FLOOR PLAN
ALL SLAB THICKNESS 150mm THK
DESIGN BRIEF (SLAB SYSTEM CALCULATION)
GROUND FLOOR
Ly = 6.000
Lx = 3.500
Ly/Lx ≤ 2
.˙. Two way slab
Ly = 3.500
Lx = 2.500
Ly/Lx ≤ 2
.˙. Two way slab
Ly = 2.500
Lx = 2.500
Ly/Lx ≤ 2
.˙. Two
way slab
Ly = 6.000
Lx = 3.000
Ly/Lx ≤ 2
.˙. Two way slab
Ly = 6.000
Lx = 5.000
Ly/Lx ≤ 2
.˙. Two way slab
Ly = 7.000
Lx = 5.000
Ly/Lx ≤ 2
.˙. Two way slab
Ly = 7.000
Lx = 6.000
Ly/Lx ≤ 2
.˙. Two way slab
Ly = 5.000
Lx = 3.000
Ly/Lx ≤ 2
.˙. Two way
slab
Ly = 4.000
Lx = 3.500
Ly/Lx ≤ 2
.˙. Two way slab
Ly = 6.000
Lx = 3.000
Ly/Lx ≤ 2
.˙. Two way slab
Ly = 6.000
Lx = 2.500
Ly/Lx > 2
.˙. One way slab
Ly = 6.000
Lx = 5.000
Ly/Lx ≤ 2
.˙. Two way slab
Ly = 6.000
Lx = 5.000
Ly/Lx ≤ 2
.˙. Two way slab
12

13. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
BEAM ANALYSIS
LOAD DISTRIBUTION PLAN
LOAD DISTRIBUTION PLAN
ALL SLABS SHALL BE 150mm THK UNLESS OTHERWISE STATED
1000
6000 13000
3500 2500 3000 4000 6000
3000 30002000 2000
14000
6000400030005000
2500250010002000250025003500
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
H
C
A
B
D
E
F
G
I
J
LIM YIN RU
YAP FOONG MEI
TEE WAN NEELAU WAN YEE
NG KAI CHUN LAI EUGENE
13

14. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
LOAD DISTRIBUTION PLAN
ALL SLABS SHALL BE 150mm THK UNLESS OTHERWISE STATED
COLUMN ANALYSIS
LOAD DISTRIBUTION PLAN
GROUND FLOOR
1000
6000 13000
3500 2500 3000 4000 6000
3000 30002000 2000
14000
6000400030005000
2500250010002000250025003500
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
H
C
A
B
D
E
F
G
I
J
3/A
3/D
3/G
1/J
4/D 6/D
8/H
6/A
8/A
8/D
8/F
6/G
6/J
6/G
3/J
1/H
1/C
1/F
LIM YIN RU
YAP FOONG MEI
TEE WAN NEELAU WAN YEE
NG KAI CHUN LAI EUGENE
14

15. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
LOAD DISTRIBUTION PLAN
ALL SLABS SHALL BE 150mm THK UNLESS OTHERWISE STATED
COLUMN ANALYSIS
LOAD DISTRIBUTION PLAN
ROOF
1000
6000 13000
3500 2500 3000 4000 6000
3000 30002000 2000
14000
6000400030005000
2500250010002000250025003500
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
H
C
A
B
D
E
F
G
I
J
3/A
3/D
3/G
1/J
4/D 6/D
8/H
6/A
8/A
8/D
8/F
6/G
6/J
6/G
3/J
1/H
1/C
1/F
LIM YIN RU
YAP FOONG MEI
TEE WAN NEELAU WAN YEE
NG KAI CHUN LAI EUGENE
15

16. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
LIM YIN RU
BEAM AND COLUMN ANALYSIS
16

17. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
Dead load (Beam H/6-­8)
1. Beam self weight
= Beam size x Density of concrete
= (0.150 x 0.300)m2 x 24kN/m3
= 1.1kN/m
2. Brick wall weight
= Wall height x Wall thickness x
Density of brick
= (3.000x0.150)m2 x 19kN/m3
= 8.6kN/m
Slab self weight
= Thickness of slab x Density of
concrete
= 0.150m x 24kN/m3
= 3.6kN/m2
3. Dead load on slab 6-­8/F-­H
= Slab self weight x (Lx/2)
= 3.6kN/m2 x (3.000/2)m
= 5.4kN/m
Total dead load
• From 6-­8 = 1.1 + 8.6 + 5.4
= 15.1kN/m
Live load (Beam H/6-­8)
Live load (Kitchen) = 3.0kN/m2
1. Live load on slab 6-­8/F-­H
= Live load (UBBL) x (Lx/2)
= 3.0kN/m2 x (3.000/2)m
= 4.5kN/m
Total live load
• From 6-­8 = 4.5kN/m
Slab 6-­8/F-­H
6 7 8
H Beam self
weight
Brick wall
weight
1.1kN/m
H
8.6kN/m
H
5.4kN/m
Total dead
loadH
15.1kN/m
Slab 6-­8/F-­HH
4.5kN/m
Total Live
Load
H
4.5kN/m
6000
3000 3000
BEAM H/6-­8
17

18. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
Ultimate load (Beam H/6-­8)
Load factor that needs to be applied: 1.4 for dead load;; 1.6 for live load
From 6-­8
Ultimate dead load = 15.1kN/m x 1.4 = 21.1kN/m
Ultimate live load = 4.5kN/m x 1.6 = 7.2kN/m
Total ultimate load = 21.1 + 7.2 = 28.3kN/m
6 7 8
H Total Ultimate
Load
28.3kN/m
6000
3000 3000
LOAD DIAGRAM
BEAM H/6-­8
18

19. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
LOAD DIAGRAM
Reaction forces (Beam H/6-­8)
In a state of equilibrium, the sum of forces acting on a structure should be 0.
Note: Clockwise rotation is taken as positive (+ve).
RA = 84.9kN RB = 84.9kN
169.8kN
3000 3000
A B
RA = 84.9kN RB = 84.9kN
28.3kN/m
3000 3000
A B
6 7 8
H
28.3kN/m
6000
3000 3000
At Point A,
∑M = 0
(169.8)(3.0) -­ (RB)(6.0) = 0
RB = 509.4 / 6.0
RB = 84.9kN
∑Fy = 0
RA + RB -­ 169.8 = 0
RA + 84.9 -­ 169.8 = 0
RA = 84.9kN
6 7 8
LOAD DIAGRAM
19

20. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
RA = 84.9kN RB = 84.9kN
28.3kN/m
3000 3000
A B
LOAD DIAGRAM
0kN
3000 3000
A
B
0kN
84.9kN
-­84.9kN
C
V
(+)
(-­)
SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM
BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM
Positive Area = ½ (84.9) (3.0) = 127.4
Negative Area = ½ (-­84.9) (3.0) = -­127.4
0 0M
127
3000 3000
28.3 x 6.0 = 169.8
84.9 -­ 169.8 = -­84.9
20

21. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
5 6
2000
BEAM I/5-­6
Dead load (Beam I/5-­6)
1. Beam self weight
= Beam size x Density of concrete
= (0.150 x 0.300)m2 x 24kN/m3
= 1.1kN/m
2. Brick wall weight
= Wall height x Wall thickness x
Density of brick
= (3.000x0.150)m2 x 19kN/m3
= 8.6kN/m
Slab self weight
= Thickness of slab x Density of
concrete
= 0.150m x 24kN/m3
= 3.6kN/m2
3. Dead load on slab 5-­6/I-­J
= Slab self weight x (Lx/2) x 2/3
= 3.6kN/m2 x (2.000/2)m x 2/3
= 2.4kN/m
Total dead load
• From 5-­6 = 1.1 + 8.6 + 2.4
= 12.1kN/m
Slab 5-­6/I-­J
I
1.1kN/m
Beam self
weight
Brick wall
weight
Total dead
load
I
8.6kN/m
I
2.4kN/m
I
12.1kN/m
Live load (Beam I/5-­6)
Live load (Living) = 1.5kN/m2
1. Live load on slab 5-­6/I-­J
= Live load (UBBL) x (Lx/2) x 2/3
= 1.5kN/m2 x (2.000/2)m x 2/3
= 1.0kN/m
Total live load
• From 5-­6 = 1.0kN/m
I
1.0kN/m
Slab 5-­6/I-­J
I
1.0kN/m
Total live
load
21

22. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
Ultimate load (Beam I/5-­6)
Load factor that needs to be applied: 1.4 for dead load;; 1.6 for live load
From 5-­6
Ultimate dead load = 12.1kN/m x 1.4 = 17.0kN/m
Ultimate live load = 1.0kN/m x 1.6 = 1.6kN/m
Total ultimate load = 17.0 + 1.6 = 18.6kN/m
5 6
2000
I
18.6kN/m
Total
Ultimate
Load
BEAM I/5-­6
22

23. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
5 6
5 6
Reaction forces (Beam I/5-­6)
In a state of equilibrium, the sum of forces acting on a structure should be 0.
Note: Clockwise rotation is taken as positive (+ve).
RA = 18.6kN RB = 18.6kN
37.2kN
1000
A B
RA = 18.6kN RB = 18.6kN
18.6kN/m
2000
A B
At Point A,
∑M = 0
(37.2)(1.0) -­ (RB)(2.0) = 0
RB = 37.2 / 2.0
RB = 18.6kN
∑Fy = 0
RA + RB -­ 37.2 = 0
RA + 18.6 -­ 37.2 = 0
RA = 18.6kN
2000
I
18.6kN/m
Total Ultimate Load
A B
BEAM I/5-­6
LOAD DIAGRAM
1000
23

24. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
RA = 18.6kN RB = 18.6kN
18.6kN/m
2000
A B
LOAD DIAGRAM
0kN
1000
A
B
0kN
18.6kN
-­18.6kN
C
V
(+)
(-­)
SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM
BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM
Positive Area = ½ (18.6) (1.0) = 9.3
Negative Area = ½ (-­18.6) (1.0) = -­9.3
0 0M
9
2000
BEAM I/5-­6
1000
18.6 x 2 = 37.2
18.6 -­ 37.2 = -­18.6
24

25. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
6
H GIJ
5000
200025002500
1.1kN/m
BEAM 6/G-­J
Slab 6-­8/F-­H
Brick wall
weight
Beam self
weight
Dead load (Beam 6/G-­J)
1. Beam self weight
= Beam size x Density of concrete
= (0.150 x 0.300)m2 x 24kN/m3
= 1.1kN/m
2. Brick wall weight
= Wall height x Wall thickness x
Density of brick
= (3.000x0.150)m2 x 19kN/m3
= 8.6kN/m
Slab self weight
= Thickness of slab x Density of
concrete
= 0.150m x 24kN/m3
= 3.6kN/m2
3. Dead load on slab 6-­8/F-­H
= Slab self weight x (Lx/2) x 2/3
= 3.6kN/m2 x (3.000/2)m x 2/3
= 3.6kN/m
4. Dead load on slab 5-­6/G-­I
= Slab self weight x (Lx/2)
= 3.6kN/m2 x (2.000/2)m
= 3.6kN/m
5. Dead load on slab 5-­6/I-­J
= Slab self weight x (Lx/2)
= 3.6kN/m2 x (2.000/2)m
= 3.6kN/m
Total dead load
• From J-­I = 1.1 + 8.6 + 3.6
= 13.3kN/m
• From I-­H = 1.1 + 8.6 + 3.6
= 13.3kN/m
• From H-­G = 1.1 + 8.6 + 3.6 + 3.6
= 16.9kN/m
6
8.6kN/m
6
3.6kN/m
Slab 5-­6/G-­I
6
3.6kN/m
Slab 5-­6/I-­J
6
3.6kN/m
Total Dead
Load
6
13.3kN/m
16.9kN/m
25

26. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
7.0kN/m
H GIJ
5000
200025002500
BEAM 6/G-­J
Slab 6-­8/F-­H
Live load (Beam 6/G-­J)
Live load (Kitchen) = 3.0kN/m2
1. Live load on slab 6-­8/F-­H
= Live load (UBBL) x (Lx/2) x 2/3
= 3.0kN/m2 x (3.000/2)m x 2/3
= 3.0kN/m
Live load (Store) = 4.0kN/m2
2. Live load on slab 6-­8/G-­I
= Live load (UBBL) x (Lx/2)
= 4.0kN/m2 x (2.000/2)m
= 4.0kN/m
Live load (Living) = 1.5kN/m2
3. Live load on slab 5-­6/I-­J
= Live load (UBBL) x (Lx/2)
= 1.5kN/m2 x (2.000/2)m
= 1.5kN/m
Total live load
• From J-­I = 1.5kN/m
• From I-­H = 4.0kN/m
• From H-­G = 3.0 + 4.0 = 7.0kN/m
6
3.0kN/m
Slab 5-­6/G-­I
6
4.0kN/m
Slab 5-­6/I-­J
6
1.5kN/m
Total Live
Load
6
1.5kN/m 4.0kN/m
26

27. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
34.9kN/m
Ultimate load (Beam 6/G-­J)
Load factor that needs to be applied: 1.4 for dead load;; 1.6 for live load
From J-­I
Ultimate dead load = 13.3kN/m x 1.4 = 18.6kN/m
Ultimate live load = 1.5kN/m x 1.6 = 2.4kN/m
Total ultimate load = 18.6 + 2.4 = 21.0kN/m
From I-­H
Ultimate dead load = 13.3kN/m x 1.4 = 18.6kN/m
Ultimate live load = 4.0kN/m x 1.6 = 6.4kN/m
Total ultimate load = 18.6 + 6.4 = 25.0kN/m
From H-­G
Ultimate dead load = 16.9kN/m x 1.4 = 23.7kN/m
Ultimate live load = 7.0kN/m x 1.6 = 11.2kN/m
Total ultimate load = 23.7 + 11.2= 34.9kN/m
Point Load (Reaction force) from Beam H/6-­8 at Point 6/H = 84.9kN
Point Load (Reaction force) from Beam I/5-­6 at Point 6/I = 18.6kN
BEAM 6/G-­J
H GIJ
5000
200025002500
Total Ultimate
Load6
21.0kN/m 25.0kN/m
18.6kN/m 84.9kN/m
27

28. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
34.9kN/m
1250
Reaction forces (Beam 6/G-­J)
In a state of equilibrium, the sum of forces acting on a structure should be 0.
Note: Clockwise rotation is taken as positive (+ve).
At Point A,
∑M = 0
(52.5)(1.25) + (18.6)(2.5) + (62.5)(3.75) +
(84.9)(5.0) + (69.8)(6.0) -­ (RB)(7.0) = 0
RB = 1189.8 / 7.0
RB = 170.0kN
∑Fy = 0
RA + RB -­ 52.5 -­ 18.6 -­ 62.5 -­ 84.9 -­ 69.8 = 0
RA + 170.0 -­ 52.5 -­ 18.6 -­ 62.5 -­ 84.9 -­ 69.8 = 0
RA = 118.3kN
LOAD DIAGRAM
H GIJ
7000
200025002500
Total
Ultimate
Load
6 A B
RA = 118.3kN RB = 170.0kN
62.5kN
A B
7000
1000
69.8kN52.5kN
BEAM 6/G-­J
21.0kN/m
25.0kN/m
18.6kN/m 84.9kN/m
H GIJ
1250 1250 1250 1000
18.6kN/m 84.9kN/m
RA = 118.3kN RB = 170.0kN
A B
7000
200025002500
21.0kN/m
18.6kN/m 84.9kN/m
25.0kN/m
34.9kN/m
28

29. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
LOAD DIAGRAM
BEAM I/5-­6
SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM
CALCULATION FOR SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM
47.2kN
A B
118.3kN
(+)
0kN
65.8kN
-­15.3kN
-­100.2kN
-­170kN
0kN
(-­)
V
21.0 x 2.5 = 52.5
118.3 -­ 52.5 = 65.8
65.8 -­ 18.6 = 47.2
25.0 x 2.5 = 62.5
47.2 -­ 62.5 = -­15.3
-­15.3 -­ 84.9 = -­100.2
34.9 x 2.0 = 69.8
-­100.2 -­ 69.8 = -­170
A B
(+)
0kN 0kN
(-­)
V
29
RA = 118.3kN RB = 170.0kN
A B
7000
200025002500
21.0kN/m
18.6kN/m 84.9kN/m
25.0kN/m
34.9kN/m
47.2kN
118.3kN
65.8kN
-­15.3kN
-­100.2kN
-­170kN

30. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
BEAM I/5-­6
CALCULATION FOR BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM
0 0M
-­275
Positive Area = ½ (118.3+65.8)(2.5) + ½ (47.2)(2.5-­0.61) = 274.7kNM
Negative Area = ½ (0.61)(15.3) + ½ ((-­100.2)+(-­170.0))(2.0) = -­274.9NM
SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM
62.5
2.5
15.3
x / 2.5 = 15.3 / 62.5
x = 0.61
x
BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM
30
A B
(+)
0kN 0kN
(-­)
V
47.2kN
118.3kN
65.8kN
-­15.3kN
-­100.2kN
-­170kN
7000
200025002500

31. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
BEAM J/3-­6
3 4 5 6
3000 4000
2000 2000
Total Dead
Load
J
1.1kN/m
J
8.6kN/m
J
15.7kN/m 12.1kN/m
Dead load (Beam J/3-­6)
1. Beam self weight
= Beam size x Density of concrete
= (0.150 x 0.300)m2 x 24kN/m3
= 1.1kN/m
2. Brick wall weight
= Wall height x Wall thickness x
Density of brick
= (3.000x0.150)m2 x 19kN/m3
= 8.6kN/m
Slab self weight
= Thickness of slab x Density of
concrete
= 0.150m x 24kN/m3
= 3.6kN/m2
3. Dead load on slab 3-­5/G-­J
= Slab self weight x (Lx/2) x 2/3
= 3.6kN/m2 x (5.000/2)m x 2/3
= 6.0kN/m
4. Dead load on slab 5-­6/I-­J
= Slab self weight x (Lx/2) x 2/3
= 3.6kN/m2 x (2.000/2)m x 2/3
= 2.4kN/m
Total dead load
• From 3-­5 = 1.1 + 8.6 + 6.0
= 15.7kN/m
• From 5-­6 = 1.1 + 8.6 + 2.4
= 12.1kN/m
Brick wall
weight
Beam self
weight
J
6.0kN/m
Slab 3-­5/G-­J
J
2.4kN/m
Slab 5-­6/I-­J
31

32. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
BEAM J/3-­6
Live load (Beam J/3-­6)
Live load (Living) = 1.5kN/m2
1. Live load on slab 3-­5/G-­J
= Live load (UBBL) x (Lx/2) x 2/3
= 1.5kN/m2 x (5.000/2)m x 2/3
= 2.5kN/m
2. Live load on slab 5-­6/I-­J
= Live load (UBBL) x (Lx/2) x 2/3
= 1.5kN/m2 x (2.000/2)m x 2/3
= 1.0kN/m
Total live load
• From 3-­5 = 2.5kN/m
• From 5-­6 = 1.0kN/m
Slab 5-­6/I-­J
3 4 5 6
3000 4000
2000 2000
Slab 3-­5/G-­J
Total Live
Load
J
2.5kN/m
J
1.0kN/m
J
2.5kN/m
1.0kN/m
32

33. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
BEAM J/3-­6
Ultimate load (Beam J/3-­6)
Load factor that needs to be applied: 1.4 for dead load;; 1.6 for live load
From 3-­5
Ultimate dead load = 15.7kN/m x 1.4 = 22.0kN/m
Ultimate live load = 2.5kN/m x 1.6 = 4.0kN/m
Total ultimate load at 3-­5 = 22.0 + 4.0 = 26.0kN/m
From 5-­6
Ultimate dead load = 12.1kN/m x 1.4 = 17.0kN/m
Ultimate live load = 1.0kN/m x 1.6 = 1.6kN/m
Total ultimate load at 5-­6 = 17.0 + 1.6 = 18.6kN/m
Point load (Reaction force) from Beam 5/G-­J at Point 5/J = 131.6 kN/m
3 4 5 6
3000 4000
2000 2000
Total Ultimate
LoadJ
26.0kN/m
18.6kN/m
131.6kN/m
33

34. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
Reaction forces (Beam J/3-­6)
In a state of equilibrium, the sum of forces acting on a structure should be 0.
Note: Clockwise rotation is taken as positive (+ve).
LOAD DIAGRAM
RA = 126.5kN RB = 172.3kN
37.2kN
A B
7000
10002500
131.6kN130.0kN
3 4 5 6
3000 4000
2000 2000
Total Ultimate
LoadJ
26.0kN/m
18.6kN/m
2500
131.6 kN/m
3 4 5 6
At Point A,
∑M = 0
(130.0)(2.5) + (131.6)(5.0) + (37.2)(6.0) -­
(RB)(7.0) = 0
RB = 1206.2 / 7.0
RB = 172.3kN
∑Fy = 0
RA + RB -­ 130.0 -­ 131.6 -­ 37.2 = 0
RA + 172.3 -­ 130.0 -­ 131.6 -­ 37.2 = 0
RA = 126.5kN
RA = 126.5kN RB = 172.3kN
A B
7000
200025002500
131.6kN
26.0kN
18.6kN/m
BEAM J/3-­6
34
1000

35. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
LOAD DIAGRAM
BEAM J/3-­6
CALCULATION FOR SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM
A B
126.5kN
(+)
0kN
-­135.1kN
-­172.3kN
0kN
(-­)
V
26.0 x 5.0 = 130.0
126.5 -­ 130.0 = -­3.5
18.6 x 2.0 = 37.2
-­135.1 -­ 37.2 = -­172.3
-­3.5 -­ 131.6 = -­135.1
-­3.5kN
SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM
35
RA = 126.5kN RB = 172.3kN
A B
7000
200025002500
131.6kN
26.0kN
18.6kN/m
A B
(+)
0kN 0kN
(-­)
V
126.5kN
-­135.1kN
-­172.3kN
-­3.5kN

36. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM
BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM
0 0M
308
7000
200025002500
BEAM J/3-­6
CALCULATION FOR BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM
Positive Area = ½ (126.5)(5.0 -­ 0.13) = 308.0kNM
Negative Area = ½ (-­3.5)(0.13) + ½ ((-­135.1)+(-­172.3))(2.0) = -­307.6kNM
130.0
5.0
3.5
x / 5.0 = 3.5 / 130.0
x = 0.13
x
36
A B
(+)
0kN 0kN
(-­)
V
126.5kN
-­135.1kN
-­172.3kN
-­3.5kN

37. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
COLUMN 6/J (GROUND FLOOR)
Area of slab (shaded area)
x = 7.000 / 2 = 3.500m Area of slab = xy
y = 7.000 / 2 = 3.500m (3.500)(3.500) = 12.3m2
Slab self weight
= Thickness of slab x Density of
concrete
= 0.150m x 24kN/m3
= 3.6kN/m2
Beam self weight
= Beam size x Density of concrete
= (0.150 x 0.300)m2 x 24kN/m3
= 1.1kN/m
Brick wall weight
= Wall height x Wall thickness x
Density of brick
= (3.000x0.150)m2 x 19kN/m3
= 8.6kN/m
Column self weight
= Column size x Density of concrete
= (0.300 x 0.300)m2 x 24kN/m3
= 2.2kN/m
Dead load (Column 6/J)
1. Dead load from slab
= Area of slab x Slab self weight
= 12.3m2 x 3.6kN/m2
= 44.3kN
2. Beam self weight
= Total length of beam x Beam self
weight
= (3.5 + 3.5 + 3.5 + 2.0 )m x 1.1kN/m
= 13.8kN
3. Brick wall weight
= Total length of brick wall (Refer to
Archi Plan) x Brick wall weight
= (3.5 + 3.5 + 2.0 + 1.0)m2 x 8.6kN/m
= 86.0kN
4. Column self weight
= Column height x Column self weight
= 3.600m x 2.2kN/m
= 7.9kN
Total dead load at Ground Floor = 44.3 + 13.8 + 86.0 + 7.9 = 152.0kN
3000 4000
2000 2000
5000
200025002500
3 4 5 6
H
G
I
J
x
y
6/J
3000 4000
2000 2000
5000
200025002500
3 4 5 6
H
G
I
J
x
y
6/J
37

38. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
COLUMN 6/J (GROUND FLOOR)
Live load (Column 6/J)
Live load (Living) = 1.5kN/m2
1. Live load from slab
= Area of slab x Live load
= 10.3m2 x1.5kN/m2
= 15.5kN
Live load (Store) = 4.0kN/m2
2. Live load from slab
= Area of slab x Live load
= 2.0m2 x 4.0kN/m2
= 8.0kN/m2
3000 4000
2000 2000
5000
200025002500
3 4 5 6
H
G
I
J
x1
y1
6/J
Area of slab (shaded area)
x1 = 7.000 / 2 = 3.500m
y1 = 7.000 / 2 = 3.500m
Area of slab = x1y1
(3.500)(3.500) = 12.3m2
Area of store room
x2 = 2.000m
y2 = 3.500 -­ 2.500 = 1.000m
Area of slab = x2y2
(2.000)(1.000) = 2.0m2
Area of living room
= Area of shaded area -­ area of store room
= 12.3m2 -­ 2.0m2
= 10.3m2
x2
y2
Total live load at Ground Floor = 15.5 + 8.0 = 23.5kN
38

39. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
Dead load (Column 6/J)
1. Dead load from roof
= Area of roof x Roof self weight
= 12.3m2 x 1.0kN/m2
= 12.3kN
2. Beam self weight
= Total length of beam x Beam self
weight
= (3.5 + 3.5 + 3.5)m x 1.1kN/m
= 11.6kN
Live load (Column 6/J)
Live load (Roof) = 0.5kN/m2
1. Live load from slab
= Area of slab x Live load
= 12.3m2 x0.5kN/m2
= 6.2kN
COLUMN 6/J (ROOF)
3000 4000
2000 2000
5000
200025002500
3 4 5 6
H
G
I
J
x
y
6/J
Total dead load at Roof = 12.3 + 11.6 = 23.9kN
Roof self weight
= 1.0kN/m2
Beam self weight
= Beam size x Density of concrete
= (0.150 x 0.300)m2 x 24kN/m3
= 1.1kN/m
Area of slab (shaded area)
x1 = 7.000 / 2 = 3.500m
y1 = 7.000 / 2 = 3.500m
Area of slab = x1y1
(3.500)(3.500) = 12.3m2
Total live load at Roof = 6.2kN
Total Ultimate load (Column 6/J)
Load factor that needs to be applied: 1.4 for dead load;; 1.6 for live load
• Total ultimate dead load
At ground floor = 152.0kN
At roof = 23.9kN
Total dead load = 152.0 + 23.9 = 175.9kN
Total ultimate dead load = 175.9kN x 1.4 = 246.3kN
• Total ultimate live load
At ground floor = 23.5kN
At roof = 6.2kN
Total live load = 23.5 + 6.2 = 29.7kN
Total ultimate live load = 29.7kN x 1.6 = 47.5kN
Estimation of load for Column 6/J
= Total ultimate dead load + Total ultimate live load
= 246.3 + 47.5
= 293.8kN
39

40. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
Slab self weight
= Thickness of slab x Density of
concrete
= 0.150m x 24kN/m3
= 3.6kN/m2
Beam self weight
= Beam size x Density of concrete
= (0.150 x 0.300)m2 x 24kN/m3
= 1.1kN/m
Brick wall weight
= Wall height x Wall thickness x
Density of brick
= (3.000x0.150)m2 x 19kN/m3
= 8.6kN/m
Column self weight
= Column size x Density of concrete
= (0.300 x 0.300)m2 x 24kN/m3
= 2.2kN/m
Dead load (Column 8/H)
1. Dead load from Slab
= Area of slab x Slab self weight
= 37.8m2 x 3.6kN/m2
= 136.1kN
2. Beam self weight
= Total length of beam x Beam self
weight
= ( 3.5 + 3.5 + 6.5 + 3.0 + 3.0 + 2.0)m x
1.1kN/m3
= 23.7kN
3. Brick wall weight
= Total length of brick wall x Brick wall
weight
= (3.5 + 2.0 + 6.5 + 3.0) x 8.6kN/m
= 129.0kN
4. Column self weight
= Column height x Column self weight
= (Wall height + Ground beam depth +
Roof beam depth) x Column self weight
= 3.600m x 2.2kN/m
= 7.9kN
COLUMN 6/G (GROUND FLOOR)
Total dead load = 136.1 + 23.7 + 129.0 + 7.9 = 296.7kN
Area of slab (shaded area)
x1 = (7.000 / 2) = 3.500m
y1 = (6.000 / 2) + (7.000 / 2) = 6.500m
x3 = 3.000m
y3 = 5.000m
Area of slab = x1y1 + x3y3
(6.500)(3.500) + (3.000)(5.000) = 37.8m2
3000
2500100020002500
H
E
F
G
I
4000
30002000 2000
4 5 6 7
6/G
3
3
3.5
3.5
6.5 2.0
3000
2500100020002500
H
E
F
G
I
4000
30002000 2000
4 5 6 7
3.5
2.0
3
6.5
x1
y1
x3
y3
x1
y1
x3
y3
40

41. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
COLUMN 6/G (GROUND FLOOR)
Live load (Column 6/G)
Live load (Dining) = 2.0kN/m2
1. Live load on slab 3-­6/D-­G
= Area of slab x Live load
= 10.5m2 x 2.0kN/m2
= 21.0kN
Live load (Kitchen) = 3.0kN/m2
2. Live load on slab 6-­7/E-­F
= Area of slab x Live load
= 15.0m2 x 3.0kN/m2
= 45.0kN
Live load (Living)= 1.5kN/m2
4. Live load on slab 3-­5/G-­J
= Area of slab x Live load
= 5.3m2 x 1.5kN/m2
= 8.0kN
Live load (Store) = 4.0kN/m2
5. Live load on slab 5-­6/G-­J
= Area of slab x Live load
= 7.0m2 x 4.0kN/m2
= 28.0kN
3000
2500100020002500
H
E
F
G
I
4000
30002000 2000
4 5 6 7
x1
y1
3.5
2.0
3
6.5
Area of slab (shaded area)
x1 = (7.000 / 2) = 3.500m
y1 = (6.000 / 2) + (7.000 / 2) = 6.500m
x3 = 3.000m y3 = 5.000m
Area of slab = x1y1 + x3y3
(6.500)(3.500) + (3.000)(5.000) = 37.8m2
Area of store
x2 = 2.000m y2 = 3.500m
Area of slab = x2y2
(2.000)(3.500) = 7.0m2
Area of kitchen
x3 = 3.000m y3 = 5.000m
Area of slab = x3y3
(3.000)(5.000) = 15.0m2
Area of dining room
= (x1 -­ x3)(y1 -­ y2)
= (3.500)(3.000)
= 10.5m2
Area of living room
= (x1 -­ x2 -­ x3)(y2)
= (1.500)(3.500)
= 5.3m2
x2
y2
x3
y3
Total live load = 21.0 + 45.0 + 8.0 + 28.0 = 102.0kN
41

42. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
Dead load (Column 6/G)
1. Dead load from roof
= Area of roof x Roof self weight
= 37.8m2 x 1.0kN/m2
= 37.8kN
2. Beam self weight
= Total length of beam x Beam self
weight
= (3.5 + 3.5 + 6.5 + 3.0 + 3.0)m x
1.1kN/m
= 21.5kN
Live load (Column 6/G)
Live load (Roof) = 0.5kN/m2
1. Live load from slab
= Area of slab x Live load
= 37.8m2 x 0.5kN/m2
= 18.9kN
COLUMN 6/G (ROOF)
Total dead load at Roof = 37.8 + 21.5 = 59.3kN
Roof self weight
= 1.0kN/m2
Beam self weight
= Beam size x Density of concrete
= (0.150 x 0.300)m2 x 24kN/m3
= 1.1kN/m
Area of slab (shaded area)
x1 = (7.000 / 2) = 3.500m
y1 = (6.000 / 2) + (7.000 / 2) = 6.500m
x3 = 3.000m y3 = 5.000m
Area of slab = x1y1 + x3y3
(6.500)(3.500) + (3.000)(5.000) = 37.8m2
Total live load at Roof = 18.9kN
Total Ultimate load (Column 6/G)
Load factor that needs to be applied: 1.4 for dead load;; 1.6 for live load
• Total ultimate dead load
At ground floor = 296.7kN
At roof = 59.3kN
Total dead load = 296.7 + 59.3 = 356.0kN
Total ultimate dead load = 356.0kN x 1.4 = 498.4kN
• Total ultimate live load
At ground floor = 102.0kN
At roof = 18.9kN
Total live load = 102.0 + 18.9 = 120.9kN
Total ultimate live load = 120.9kN x 1.6 = 193.4kN
Estimation of load for Column 6/G
= Total ultimate dead load + Total ultimate live load
= 498.4 + 193.4
= 691.8kN
6/G
3000
2500100020002500
H
E
F
G
I
4000
30002000 2000
4 5 6 7
x
y
3
3.5
3.5
6.5 2.0
3
42

43. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
TEE WAN NEE
BEAM AND COLUMN ANALYSIS
43

44. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
BEAM E-­F/7
Dead load (Beam E-­F/7)
1. Beam self weight
= Beam size x Density of concrete
= (0.150 x 0.300)m2 x 24kN/m3
= 1.1 kN/m
2. Brick wall weight
= Wall height x Wall thickness x
Density of brick
= (3.000x0.150)m2 x 19kN/m3
= 8.6 kN/m
Slab self weight
= Thickness of slab x Density of
concrete
= 0.150m x 24kN/m3
= 3.6kN/m2
3. Dead load on slab E-­F/6-­7
= Slab self weight x (Lx/2) x 2/3
= 3.6kN/m2 x (2.500/2)m x 2/3
= 3.0 kN/m
4. Dead load on slab E-­F/7-­8
= Slab self weight x (Lx/2)
= 3.6kN/m2 x (2.500/2)m x 2/3
= 3.0 kN/m
Total dead load
• From E-­F/7 = 1.1+8.6+3.0+3.0
= 15.7 kN/m
Slab E-­F/6-­7
Beam Self
Weight
Total dead
load
Slab E-­F/7-­8
Brickwall
Weight
F
1.1 kN/m
2500
E
7
7
8.6 kN/m
7
3.0 kN/m
7
3.0 kN/m
7
15.7 kN/m
44

45. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
BEAM E-­F/7
Total live
load
Slab E-­F/7-­8
Live load (Beam E-­F/7)
Live load (BATH 3) = 2.0kN/m2
Live load (KITCHEN) =3.0kN/m2
1. Live load on slab E-­F/6-­7
= Live load (UBBL) x (Lx/2) x (2/3)
= 3.0kN/m2 x (2.500/2)m x (2/3)
= 2.5 kN/m
2. Live load on slab E-­F/7-­8
= Live load (UBBL) x (Lx/2) x (2/3)
= 2.0kN/m2 x (2.500/2)m x (2/3)
= 1.7 kN/m
Total live load
• From E-­F/7 = 2.5+1.7
= 4.2 kN/m
Slab E-­F/6-­7
2.5 kN/m
2500
E
7
7
1.7 kN/m
7
4.2 kN/m
7
28.7 kN/m
Ultimate load (Beam E-­F/7)
Load factor that needs to be applied:
1.4 for dead load;; 1.6 for live load
From E/6-­7
Ultimate dead load = 15.7kN/m x 1.4 = 22.0 kN/m
Ultimate live load = 4.2kN/m x 1.6 = 6.7 kN/m
Total ultimate load = 22.0 + 6.7 = 28.7 kN/m
Total ultimate
load
F
45

46. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
Reaction forces (Beam E-­F/7)
In a state of equilibrium, the sum of forces acting on a structure should be 0.
Note: Clockwise rotation is taken as positive (+ve).
At Point A,
∑M = 0
(71.8)(1.25) -­ (RB)(2.5) = 0
RB = 89.8 / 2.5
RB = 35.9kN
∑Fy = 0
RA + RB – 71.8 = 0
RA + 35.9 – 71.8 = 0
RA = 35.9kN
BEAM E-­F/7
LOAD DIAGRAM
Total Ultimate
Load
A B
F
7
28.7 kN/m
2500E
RA = 35.9kN RB = 35.9kN
71.8kN
A B
RA = 35.9kN RB = 35.9kN
A B
2500
28.7 kN/m
46

47. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
LOAD DIAGRAM
0kN
2500
A
B
0kN
35.9kN
35.9kN
C
V
(+)
(-­)
SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM
BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM
Positive Area = ½ (35.9) (1.25) = 22.4
Negative Area = ½ (-­35.9) (1.25) = -­22.4
0 0M
22.4
2500
BEAM E-­F/7
RA = 35.9kN RB = 35.9kN
A B
2500
28.7 kN/m
47

48. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
BEAM F/6-­8
Dead load (Beam F/6-­8)
1. Beam self weight
= Beam size x Density of concrete
= (0.150 x 0.300)m2 x 24kN/m3
= 1.1 kN/m
2. Brick wall weight
= Wall height x Wall thickness x
Density of brick
= (3.000x0.150)m2 x 19kN/m3
= 8.6 kN/m
Slab self weight
= Thickness of slab x Density of
concrete
= 0.150m x 24kN/m3
= 3.6kN/m2
3. Dead load on slab E-­F/6-­7
= Slab self weight x (Lx/2)
= 3.6kN/m2 x (2.500/2)m
= 4.5 kN/m
4. Dead load on slab E-­F/7-­8
= Slab self weight x (Lx/2)
= 3.6kN/m2 x (2.500/2)m
= 4.5 kN/m
5. Dead load on slab F-­H/6-­8
= Slab self weight x (Lx/2)
= 3.6kN/m2 x (3.000/2)m
= 5.4kN/m
Total dead load
• From F/6-­7 = 1.1+8.6+4.5+5.4
= 19.6 kN/m
• From F/7-­8 = 1.1+8.6+4.5+5.4
= 19.6 kN/m
Slab E-­F/6-­7
Beam Self
Weight
Total dead
load
1.1 kN/m
Slab E-­F/7-­8
Slab D-­E/6-­8
3000 3000
6 87
8.6 kN/m
Brickwall
Weight
4.5 kN/m
4.5 kN/m
19.6 kN/m
F
F
F
F
F
19.6 kN/m
5.4 kN/m
F
48

49. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
BEAM F/6-­8
Slab D-­E/6-­8
Total live
load
Slab E-­F/7-­8
Live load (Beam F/6-­8)
Live load (BATH 3) = 2.0kN/m2
Live load (KITCHEN) =3.0kN/m2
1. Live load on slab E-­F/6-­7
= Live load (UBBL) x (Lx/2)
= 3.0kN/m2 x (2.500/2)m
= 3.8kN/m
2. Live load on slab E-­F/7-­8
= Live load (UBBL) x (Lx/2)
= 2.0kN/m2 x (2.500/2)m
= 2.5 kN/m
3. Live load on slab F-­H/6-­8
= Live load (UBBL) x (Lx/2)
= 3.0kN/m2 x (3.000/2)m
= 4.5kN/m
Total live load
• From E/6-­7 = 3.8+4.5
= 8.3 kN/m
• From E/7-­8 = 2.5+4.5
= 7.0 kN/m
3000 3000
6 87
3.8 kN/m
E
2.5 kN/m
E
4.5 kN/m
E
8.3 kN/m
E
7.0 kN/m
Slab E-­F/6-­7
49

50. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
Ultimate load (Beam F/6-­8)
Load factor that needs to be applied: 1.4 for dead load;; 1.6 for live load
From F/6-­7
Ultimate dead load = 19.6 kN/m x 1.4 = 27.4 kN/m
Ultimate live load = 8.3 kN/m x 1.6 = 13.3 kN/m
Total ultimate load = 27.4 + 13.3= 40.7 kN/m
From F/7-­8
Ultimate dead load = 19.6 kN/m x 1.4 = 27.4 kN/m
Ultimate live load = 7.0 kN/m x 1.6 = 11.2 kN/m
Total ultimate load = 27.4 + 11.2 = 38.6 kN/m
BEAM F/6-­8
3000 3000
F
40.7 kN/m
38.6 kN/m
6 87
Total Ultimate
Load
50

51. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
LOAD DIAGRAM
Reaction forces (Beam F/6-­8)
In a state of equilibrium, the sum of forces acting on a structure should be 0.
RA = 138.5 kN RB = 135.3 kN
3000 3000
A B
At Point A,
∑M = 0
(122.1)(1.5) +(35.9)(3.0) + (115.8)(4.5) -­ (RB)(6.0) = 0
RB = 812/ 6.0
RB = 135.3kN
∑Fy = 0
RA + RB –122.1 – 35.9 – 115.8= 0
RA + 135.3– 273.8 = 0
RA = 138.5kN
122.1 kN/m 115.8 kN/m35.9 kN/m
RA = 138.5kN RB =135.3kN
3000 3000
A B
35.9 kN/m
3000 3000
F
40.7 kN/m
38.6 kN/m
6 87
Total Ultimate
Load
51

52. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
LOAD DIAGRAM
0kN
3000 3000
A
B
0kN
138.5kN
-­135.3kN
C
V
(+)
(-­)
SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM
BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM
Positive Area = ½ (138.5+16.4) (3.0) = 232
Negative Area = ½ (-­19.5)+(-­135.3) (3.0) = -­232
0 0M
232
3000 3000
16.4kN
-­19.5kN
RA = 138.5kN RB =135.3kN
3000 3000
A B
35.9 kN/m
52

53. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
BEAM E/6-­8
Dead load (Beam E/6-­8)
1. Beam self weight
= Beam size x Density of concrete
= (0.150 x 0.300)m2 x 24kN/m3
= 1.1 kN/m
2. Brick wall weight
= Wall height x Wall thickness x
Density of brick
= (3.000x0.150)m2 x 19kN/m3
= 8.6 kN/m
Slab self weight
= Thickness of slab x Density of
concrete
= 0.150m x 24kN/m3
= 3.6kN/m2
3. Dead load on slab E-­F/6-­7
= Slab self weight x (Lx/2)
= 3.6kN/m2 x (2.500/2)m
= 4.5 kN/m
4. Dead load on slab E-­F/7-­8
= Slab self weight x (Lx/2)
= 3.6kN/m2 x (2.500/2)m
= 4.5 kN/m
5. Dead load on slab D-­E/6-­8
= Slab self weight x (Lx/2)
= 3.6kN/m2 x (2.500/2)m
= 4.5 kN/m
Total dead load
• From E/6-­7 = 1.1+8.6+4.5+4.5
= 18.7 kN/m
• From E/7-­8 = 1.1+8.6+4.5+4.5
= 18.7 kN/m
Slab E-­F/6-­7
Beam Self
Weight
Total dead
load
1.1 kN/m
Slab E-­F/7-­8
Slab D-­E/6-­8
3000 3000
6 87
8.6 kN/m
Brickwall
Weight
4.5 kN/m
4.5 kN/m
18.7 kN/m
E
E
E
E
E
18.7 kN/m
4.5 kN/m
E
53

54. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
BEAM E/6-­8
Slab D-­E/6-­8
Total live
load
Slab E-­F/7-­8
Live load (Beam E/6-­8)
Live load (BATH 3) = 2.0kN/m2
Live load (KITCHEN) =3.0kN/m2
Live load (CORRIDOR) =1.5kN/m2
1. Live load on slab E-­F/6-­7
= Live load (UBBL) x (Lx/2)
= 3.0kN/m2 x (2.500/2)m
= 3.8kN/m
2. Live load on slab E-­F/7-­8
= Live load (UBBL) x (Lx/2)
= 2.0kN/m2 x (2.500/2)m
= 2.5 kN/m
3. Live load on slab D-­E/6-­8
= Live load (UBBL) x (Lx/2)
= 1.5kN/m2 x (2.500/2)m
= 1.9kN/m
Total live load
• From E/6-­7 = 3.8+1.9
= 5.7 kN/m
• From E/7-­8 = 2.5+1.9
= 4.4 kN/m
3000 3000
6 87
3.8 kN/m
E
2.5 kN/m
E
1.9 kN/m
E
5.7 kN/m
E
4.4 kN/m
Slab E-­F/6-­7
54

55. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
Ultimate load (Beam E/6-­8)
Load factor that needs to be applied: 1.4 for dead load;; 1.6 for live load
From E/6-­7
Ultimate dead load = 18.7kN/m x 1.4 = 26.2 kN/m
Ultimate live load = 5.7kN/m x 1.6 = 9.1 kN/m
Total ultimate load = 26.2 + 9.1 = 35.3 kN/m
From E/7-­8
Ultimate dead load = 18.7kN/m x 1.4 = 26.2kN/m
Ultimate live load = 4.4 kN/m x 1.6 = 7.0 kN/m
Total ultimate load = 26.2 + 7.0 = 33.2 kN/m
BEAM I/5-­6
3000 3000
E
35.3 kN/m 33.2 kN/m
6 87
Total Ultimate
Load
55

56. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
LOAD DIAGRAM
Reaction forces (Beam E/6-­8)
In a state of equilibrium, the sum of forces acting on a structure should be 0.
RA = 122.3kN RB = 119.1kN
3000 3000
A B
RA = 122.3kN RB =119.1kN
3000 3000
A B
E
3000 3000
At Point A,
∑M = 0
(105.9)(1.5) +(99.6)(4.5) + (35.9)(3.0) -­ (RB)(6.0) = 0
RB = 714.8/ 6.0
RB = 119.1kN
∑Fy = 0
RA + RB –105.9 -­ 35.9 -­ 99.6= 0
RA + 119.1– 241.4 = 0
RA = 122.3kN
35.3 kN/m 33.2 kN/m
6 87
A B
105.9 kN/m 99.6 kN/m35.9 kN/m
35.9 kN/m
56

57. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
LOAD DIAGRAM
RA = 122.3kN RB = 119.1kN
35.3kN/m
3000 3000
A B
0kN
3000 3000
A
B
0kN
122.3kN
-­119.1kN
C
V
(+)
(-­)
SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM
BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM
Positive Area = ½ (122.3+16.4) (3.0) = 208
Negative Area = ½ (-­19.5)+(-­119.1) (3.0) = -­ 208
0 0M
208
3000 3000
33.2kN/m
35.9 kN/m
16.4kN
-­19.5kN
57

58. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
BEAM C-­F/1
Dead load (Beam C-­F/1)
1. Beam self weight
= Beam size x Density of concrete
= (0.150 x 0.300)m2 x 24kN/m3
= 1.1 kN/m
2. Brick wall weight
= Wall height x Wall thickness x
Density of brick
= (3.000x0.150)m2 x 19kN/m3
= 8.6 kN/m
Slab self weight
= Thickness of slab x Density of
concrete
= 0.150m x 24kN/m3
= 3.6kN/m2
3. Dead load on slab C-­E/1-­3
= Slab self weight x (Lx/2) x 2/3
= 3.6kN/m2 x (3.500/2)m x 2/3
= 4.2 kN/m
4. Dead load on slab E-­F/1-­3
= Slab self weight x (Lx/2) x 2/3
= 3.6kN/m2 x (2.500/2)m x 2/3
= 3.0 kN/m
Total dead load
• From C-­E/1 = 1.1+8.6+4.2
= 13.9 kN/m
• From E-­F/1 = 1.1+8.6+3.0
= 12.7 kN/m
Slab C-­E/6-­7
Beam Self
Weight
Slab E-­F/1-­3
Total Dead
Load
Brickwall
Weight
E
1.1 kN/m
C D F
1
1000 2500 2500
3500
8.6 kN/m
4.2 kN/m
3.0 kN/m
1
1
1
1
13.9 kN/m
12.7 kN/m
58

59. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
BEAM C-­F/1
Live load (Beam C-­F/1-­3)
Live load (BATH 3) = 2.0kN/m2
Live load (BEDROOM) =1.5kN/m2
1. Live load on slab C-­E/1-­3
= Live load (UBBL) x (Lx/2) x 2/3
= 1.5kN/m2 x (3.500/2)m x 2/3
= 1.8 kN/m
2. Live load on slab E-­F/1-­3
= Live load (UBBL) x (Lx/2) x 2/3
= 2.0kN/m2 x (2.500/2)m x 2/3
= 1.3 kN/m
Total live load
• From C-­E/1-­3 = 1.8kN/m
• From E-­F/1-­3 = 1.3kN/m
Total Live
Load
Slab C-­E/1-­3
Slab E-­F/1-­3
E
1.8 kN/m
C D F
1
1000 2500 2500
3500
1.3 kN/m
1.8 kN/m
1
1
1.3 kN/m
Ultimate load (Beam C-­F/1-­3)
Load factor that needs to be applied:
1.4 for dead load;; 1.6 for live load
From C-­E/1-­3
Ultimate dead load = 13.9 kN/m x 1.4 = 19.5
kN/m
Ultimate live load = 1.8 kN/m x 1.6 = 2.9
kN/m
Total ultimate load = 19.5 + 2.9 = 22.4 kN/m
From E/7-­8
Ultimate dead load = 12.7 kN/m x 1.4 = 17.8
kN/m
Ultimate live load = 1.3 kN/m x 1.6 = 2.1
kN/m
Total ultimate load = 17.8 + 2.1= 19.9 kN/m
1
22.4 kN/m 19.9 kN/m
Total Ultimate
Load
59

60. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
LOAD DIAGRAM
Reaction forces (Beam H/6-­8)
In a state of equilibrium, the sum of forces acting on a structure should be 0.
1
At Point A,
∑M = 0
(78.4)(1.75) +(115.9)(3.5) + (49.8)(4.75) -­ (RB)(6.0) = 0
RB = 779.4/ 6.0
RB = 129.9kN
∑Fy = 0
RA + RB –115.9 – 78.4 -­ 49.8= 0
RA + 129.9 – 244.1= 0
RA = 114.2kN
C ED
A B
RA = 114.2kN RB = 129.9kN
3500 2500
A B
78.4 kN/m
49.8 kN/m
115.9 kN/m
1000 2500 2500
3500
F
22.4 kN/m 19.9 kN/m
RA = 114.2kN RB =129.9kN
A B
3500 2500
115.9 kN/m
60

61. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
LOAD DIAGRAM
0kN
A
B
0kN
114.2kN
-­129.9kN
C
V
(+)
(-­)
SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM
BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM
Positive Area = ½ (114.2+35.8) (3.5) = 263
Negative Area = ½ (-­80.1)+(-­129.9) (2.5) = -­ 263
0 0M
263
3500 2500
35.8kN
-­80.1kN
RA = 114.2kN RB =129.9kN
A B
3500 2500
115.9 kN/m
3500 2500
61

62. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
Slab self weight
= Thickness of slab x Density of
concrete
= 0.150m x 24kN/m3
= 3.6kN/m2
Beam self weight
= Beam size x Density of concrete
= (0.150 x 0.300)m2 x 24kN/m3
= 1.1kN/m
Brick wall weight
= Wall height x Wall thickness x
Density of brick
= (3.000x0.150)m2 x 19kN/m3
= 8.6kN/m
Column self weight
= Column size x Density of concrete
= (0.300 x 0.300)m2 x 24kN/m3
= 2.2kN/m
COLUMN 8/F (GROUND FLOOR)
Area of slab (shaded area)
x = 3.000
y = 2500 + (3000/2) = 4000
Area of slab = xy
(4.000)(3.000) = 12m2
Dead load (Column 8/F)
1. Dead load from slab
= Area of slab x Slab self weight
= 12.0m2 x3.6kN/m2
= 43.2kN
2. Beam self weight
= Total length of beam x Beam self weight
= (2.5 + 3.0 + 1.5 + 3.0 + 2.5)m x 1.1kN/m3
= 13.8kN
3. Brick wall weight
= Total length of brick wall (Refer to Archi
Plan) x Brick wall weight
= (2.5 + 3.0 + 1.5 + 3.0 + 2.5)m x 8.6kN/m
= 107.9kN
4. Column self weight
= Column height x Column self weight
= 3.600 m x 2.2kN/m
= 7.26 kN
Total dead load = 43.2 + 13.8 + 107.9 + 7.3 = 172.2kN
C1
C1 C1
C1
C1
x
y
3000 3000
6 87
D
E
F
G
H
2500250010002000
3000
62

63. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
COLUMN 8/F (GROUND FLOOR)
Live load (Column 8/F)
Live load (Bathroom) = 2.0kN/m2
Live Load (Kitchen) = 3.0kN/m2
1. Live load from slab on bathroom
= Area of slab x Live load
= 7.5m2 x2.0kN/m2
= 15 kN
2. Live load from slab on kitchen
= Area of slab x Live load
= 4.5m2 x3.0kN/m2
= 13.5 kN
Ultimate load (Column 8/F)
Load factor that needs to be applied: 1.4 for dead load;; 1.6 for live load
Ultimate dead load = 171.5kN x 1.4 = 240.1kN
Ultimate live load = 28.5kN x 1.6 = 45.6kN
Ultimate load of Gound Floor = 240.1 + 45.6 = 285.7kN
C1
C1
C1
3000 3000
6 87
D
E
F
G
H
2500250010002000
3000
Area of slab (shaded area)
x = 3.000
y = 2500 + (3000/2) = 4000
Area of slab on bathroom (E-­F/7-­8)
= 2.5 x 3.0
= 7.5 m2
Area of slab on kitchen
= 3.0 x 1.5
= 4.5 m2
Total Live Load = 15 + 13.5 = 28.5kN
x
y
63

64. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
COLUMN 8/F (ROOF)
Area of slab (shaded area)
x = 3.000
y = 2500 + (3000/2) = 4000
Area of slab = xy
(4.000)(3.000) = 12m2
Dead load (Column 8/F)
1. Dead load from slab
= Area of slab x Slab self weight
= 12.0m2 x 1.0kN/m2
= 12.0kN
2. Roof beam self weight
= Total length of beam x Beam self weight
= (2.5 + 3.0 + 1.5 + 3.0 )m x 1.1kN/m3
= 11kN
Total dead load = 12.0 + 11.0= 23.0 kN
C1
C1 C1
C1
C1
x
y
3000 3000
6 87
D
E
F
G
H
2500250010002000
3000
Live load (Column 8/F)
Live load (Roof) = 0.5 kN/m2
1. Live load from slab on roof
= Area of slab x Live load
= 12.0 m2 x 0.5kN/m2
= 6.0 kN
Total Live Load = 6.0 kN
Ultimate load (Column 8/F)
Load factor that needs to be applied: 1.4 for dead load;; 1.6 for live load
Ultimate dead load = 23.0 kN x 1.4 = 32.2kN
Ultimate live load = 6.0 kN x 1.6 = 9.6kN
Ultimate load of roof = 32.2 + 9.6 = 41.8 kN
TOTAL ULTIMATE LOAD = 41.8 + 285.7 = 327.5 kN
64

65. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
Slab self weight
= Thickness of slab x Density of
concrete
= 0.150m x 24kN/m3
= 3.6kN/m2
Beam self weight
= Beam size x Density of concrete
= (0.150 x 0.300)m2 x 24kN/m3
= 1.1kN/m
Brick wall weight
= Wall height x Wall thickness x
Density of brick
= (3.000x0.150)m2 x 19kN/m3
= 8.6kN/m
Column self weight
= Column size x Density of concrete
= (0.300 x 0.300)m2 x 24kN/m3
= 2.2kN/m
COLUMN 6/G (GROUND FLOOR)
Area of slab (shaded area)
x1 = 3.500 x2 = 3.000
y1 = 6.500 y2 = 5.000
Area of slab = x1y1 + x2y2
(3.500)(6.500) + (3.000)(5.000) = 37.8m2
Dead load (Column 6/G)
1. Dead load from slab
= Area of slab x Slab self weight
= 37.8m2 x3.6kN/m2
= 136.08kN
2. Beam self weight
= Total length of beam x Beam self weight
= (3.0 + 2.0 + 3.0 + 3.5 + 3.5 + 1.5 + 3 )m x
1.1kN/m3
= 23.7kN
3. Brick wall weight
= Total length of brick wall (Refer to Archi
Plan) x Brick wall weight
= (3.0 + 2.0 + 3.0 + 3.5 + 3.5)m x 8.6kN/m
= 129kN
4. Column self weight
= Column height x Column self weight
= 3.600m x 2.2kN/m
= 7.9kN
Total dead load = 136.1 + 23.7 + 129 + 7.9 = 296.7 kN
C1C1
C1 C1
C1
C1
C1
C1
3000 4000 6000
3000 30002000 2000
30005000
250025001000200025002500
C1
C1
3 6 8754
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
x1 x2
y1
y2
65

66. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
COLUMN 6/G (GROUND FLOOR)
Live load (Column 6/G)
Live load (Store Room) = 4.0kN/m2
Live Load (Kitchen) = 3.0kN/m2
Live Load (Living) = 1.5kN/m2
Live Load (Dining) = 2.0kN/m2
1. Live load from slab on dining
= Area of slab x Live load
= 10.5 m2 x2.0 kN/m2
= 21 kN
2. Live load from slab on kitchen
= Area of slab x Live load
= 15.0m2 x3.0kN/m2
= 45.0 kN
Area of slab (shaded area)
x1 = 3.500 x2 = 3.000
y1 = 6.500 y2 = 5.000
Area of slab on dining
= 3.5 x 3.0
= 10.5 m2
Area of slab on kitchen
= 3.0 x 5.0
= 15.0 m2
Total Live Load = 21 + 45 + 28 + 8 = 102 kN
3000 4000 6000
3000 30002000 2000
30005000
250025001000200025002500
3 6 8754
D
E
F
G
H
I
J Area of slab on store room
= 3.5 x 2.0
= 7.0 m2
Area of slab on living
= 1.5 x 3.5
= 5.3 m2
3. Live load from slab on store room
= Area of slab x Live load
= 7.0m2 x4.0kN/m2
= 28.0 kN
4. Live load from slab on living
= Area of slab x Live load
= 5.3m2 x1.5kN/m2
= 8.0 kN
66

67. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
C1C1
C1 C1
C1
C1
C1
C1
3000 4000 6000
3000 30002000 2000
30005000
250025001000200025002500
C1
C1
3 6 8754
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
Dead load (Column 8/F)
1. Dead load from slab
= Area of slab x Slab self weight
= 37.8m2 x 1.0kN/m2
= 37.8kN
2. Roof beam self weight
= Total length of beam x Beam self weight
= (3.0 + 2.0 + 3.0 + 3.5 + 3.5 + 1.5 +3 )m x
1.1kN/m3
= 21.5kN
Live load (Column 8/F)
Live load (Roof) = 0.5 kN/m2
1. Live load from slab on roof
= Area of slab x Live load
= 37.8 m2 x 0.5kN/m2
= 18.9 kN
Area of slab (shaded area)
x1 = 3.500 x2 = 3.000
y1 = 6.500 y2 = 5.000
Area of slab = x1y1 + x2y2
(3.500)(6.500) + (3.000)(5.000) = 37.8m2
Total dead load = 37.8 + 21.5= 59.3 kN
Total Live Load = 18.9 kN
COLUMN 6/G (ROOF)
67

68. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
Ultimate load (Column 6/G)
Load factor that needs to be applied: 1.4 for dead load;; 1.6 for live load
Ultimate dead load on GF = 296.7 kN x 1.4 = 415.4kN
Ultimate dead load on Roof = 59.3 kN x 1.4 = 83.0kN
Total Dead Load = 415.4 + 83 = 498.4 kN
Ultimate live load on GF = 102 kN x 1.6 = 163.2kN
Ultimate live load on Roof= 18.9 kN x 1.6 = 30.2kN
Total Live Load = 163.2 + 30.2 = 193.4 kN
Estimation of Column Load = 498.4 + 193.4 = 691.8kN
68

69. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
LAU WAN YEE
BEAM AND COLUMN ANALYSIS
69

70. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
Slab 6-­8/A-­D
Brick wall
weight
Beam self
weight
BEAM 8/A-­D
Dead load (Beam 8/A-­D)
1. Beam self weight
= Beam size x Density of concrete
= (0.150 x 0.300)m2 x 24kN/m3
= 1.08kN/m
2. Brick wall weight
= Wall height x Wall thickness x
Density of brick
= (3.000x0.150)m2 x 19kN/m3
= 8.55kN/m
Slab self weight
= Thickness of slab x Density of
concrete
= 0.150m x 24kN/m3
= 3.6kN/m2
3. Dead load on slab 6-­8/A-­D
= Slab self weight x (Lx/2) x 2/3
= 3.6kN/m2 x (5.000/2)m x 2/3
= 6.0kN/m
Total dead load
• From A-­D = 1.08 + 8.55 + 6.0
= 15.63kN/m
8
CD
8
AB
4000
1500 3500
1000
1.08kN/m
8.55kN/m
6.00kN/m
8
8
15.63kN/m
Total Dead
Load
70

71. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
Live load (Beam 8/A-­D)
Live load (Bedroom) = 1.5kN/m2
1. Live load on slab 6-­8/A-­D
= Live load (UBBL) x (Lx/2) x 2/3
= 1.5kN/m2 x (5.000/2)m x 2/3
= 2.50kN/m
Total live load
• From A-­D = 2.50kN/m
CD
8
AB
4000
1500 3500
1000
2.50kN/m
2.50kN/m
8 Slab 6-­8/A-­D
Total Live
Load
BEAM 8/A-­D
71

72. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
BEAM 8/A-­D
Ultimate load (Beam 8/A-­D)
Load factor that needs to be applied: 1.4 for dead load;; 1.6 for live load
From A-­D
Ultimate dead load = 15.63kN/m x 1.4 = 21.88kN/m
Ultimate live load = 2.5kN/m x 1.6 = 4.0kN/m
Total ultimate load = 21.88 + 4.0 = 25.88kN/m
CD AB
4000
1500 3500
1000
25.88kN/m
8 Total Ultimate
Load
72

73. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
BEAM 8/A-­D
8
CD AB
4000
1500 3500
1000
25.88kN/m
Total Ultimate
Load
RA = 64.7kN RB = 64.7kN
A B
129.40kN
25002500
Reaction forces (Beam 6/G-­J)
In a state of equilibrium, the sum of forces acting on a structure should be 0.
Note: Clockwise rotation is taken as positive (+ve).
At Point A,
∑M = 0
(129.40)(2.5) -­ (RB)(5.0) = 0
RB = 323.5 / 5.0
RB = 64.7kN
∑Fy = 0
RA + RB – 129.40 = 0
RA + 64.7 – 129.40 = 0
RA = 64.7kN
LOAD DIAGRAM
RA = 64.7kN RB = 64.7kN
B
25.88kN/m
25002500
73

74. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
LOAD DIAGRAM
SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM
BEAM I/5-­6
RA = 64.7kN RB = 64.7kN
A B
25002500
(-­)
BEAM 8/A-­D
25.88kN/m
25002500
A
64.7kN
0kN
-­64.7kN
0kNB
(+)
0
BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM
0
Negative Area = ½ (-­64.7)(2.5) = -­80.9kNm
Positive Area = ½ (64.7)(2.5) = 80.9kNm
80.9 kNm
25.88 x 5.0 = 129.4
64.7 – 129.4 = -­64.7
V
M
74

75. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
BEAM D/6-­8
Dead load (Beam D/6-­8)
1. Beam self weight
= Beam size x Density of concrete
= (0.150 x 0.300)m2 x 24kN/m3
= 1.08kN/m
2. Brick wall weight
= Wall height x Wall thickness x
Density of brick
= (3.000x0.150)m2 x 19kN/m3
= 8.55kN/m
Slab self weight
= Thickness of slab x Density of
concrete
= 0.150m x 24kN/m3
= 3.6kN/m2
3. Dead load on slab 6-­8/A-­D
= Slab self weight x (Lx/2)
= 3.6kN/m2 x (5.000/2)m
= 9.0kN/m
4. Dead load on slab 6-­8/D-­E
= Slab self weight x (Lx/2)
= 3.6kN/m2 x (2.500/2)m
= 4.5kN/m
Total dead load
• From 6-­8 = 1.08 + 8.55 + 9.0 + 4.5
= 23.13kN/m
Slab 6-­8/A-­D
Brick wall
weight
Beam self
weight
Total Dead
Load
6 7 8
6000
3000 3000
D
1.08kN/m
D
8.55kN/m
D
D
9.0kN/m
4.5kN/m
Slab 6-­8/D-­E
D
23.13kN/m
75

76. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
BEAM D/6-­8
Slab 6-­8/A-­D
6 7 8
6000
3000 3000
D
3.75kN/m
D
1.88kN/m
D
5.63kN/m
Slab 6-­8/D-­E
Live load (Beam D/6-­8)
Live load (Bedroom) = 1.5kN/m2
Live load (Corridor) = 1.5kN/m2
1. Live load on slab 6-­8/A-­D
= Live load (UBBL) x (Lx/2)
= 1.5kN/m2 x (5.000/2)m
= 3.75kN/m
2. Live load on slab 6-­8/D-­E
= Live load (UBBL) x (Lx/2)
= 1.5kN/m2 x (2.500/2)m
= 1.88kN/m
Total live load
• From 6-­8 = 3.75 + 1.88 = 5.63 kN/m
Total Live
Load
76

77. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
BEAM D/6-­8
Ultimate load (Beam D/6-­8)
Load factor that needs to be applied: 1.4 for dead load;; 1.6 for live load
From 6-­8
Ultimate dead load = 23.13kN/m x 1.4 = 32.38kN/m
Ultimate live load = 5.63kN/m x 1.6 = 9.01kN/m
Total ultimate load = 32.38 + 9.01 = 41.39kN/m
6 7 8
6000
3000 3000
D
41.39kN/m
Total Ultimate
Load
77

78. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
BEAM D/6-­8
RA = 124.17kN RB = 124.17kN
A B
248.34kN
30003000
Reaction forces (Beam 6/G-­J)
In a state of equilibrium, the sum of forces acting on a structure should be 0.
Note: Clockwise rotation is taken as positive (+ve).
At Point A,
∑M = 0
(248.34)(3.0) -­ (RB)(6.0) = 0
RB = 745.02 / 6.0
RB = 124.17kN
∑Fy = 0
RA + RB – 248.34 = 0
RA + 124.17 – 248.34 = 0
RA = 124.17kN
LOAD DIAGRAM
RA = 124.17kN RB = 124.17kN
B
41.39kN/m
30003000
6 7 8
6000
3000 3000
D
41.39kN/m
78

79. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
LOAD DIAGRAM
SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM
BEAM I/5-­6
RA = 124.17kN RB = 124.17kN
A B
30003000
(-­)
BEAM D/6-­8
41.39kN/m
30003000
A
124.17kN
0kN
-­124.17kN
0kNB
(+)
0
BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM
0
Negative Area = ½ (-­124.17)(3.0) = -­186.3kNm
Positive Area = ½ (124.17)(3.0) = 186.3kNm
186.3kNm
41.39 x 6.0 = 248.34
124.17 – 248.34 = -­124.17
M
V
79

80. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
Slab 7-­8/E-­F
Brick wall
weight
Beam self
weight
Total Dead
Load
BEAM 8/D-­F
Dead load (Beam 8/D-­F)
1. Beam self weight
= Beam size x Density of concrete
= (0.150 x 0.300)m2 x 24kN/m3
= 1.08kN/m
2. Brick wall weight
= Wall height x Wall thickness x
Density of brick
= (3.000x0.150)m2 x 19kN/m3
= 8.55kN/m
Slab self weight
= Thickness of slab x Density of
concrete
= 0.150m x 24kN/m3
= 3.6kN/m2
3. Dead load on slab 7-­8/E-­F
= Slab self weight x (Lx/2) x 2/3
= 3.6kN/m2 x (2.500/2)m x 2/3
= 3.0kN/m
Total dead load
• From D-­E = 1.08 + 8.55
= 9.63kN/m
• From E-­F = 1.08 + 8.55 + 3.0
= 12.63kN/m
FED
25002500
8
1.08kN/m
8
8.55kN/m
8
9.63kN/m
8
3.00kN/m
12.63kN/m
80

81. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
BEAM 8/D-­F
Live load (Beam 8/D-­F)
Live load (Bath) = 2.0kN/m2
1. Live load on slab 7-­8/E-­F
= Live load (UBBL) x (Lx/2) x 2/3
= 2.0kN/m2 x (2.500/2)m x 2/3
= 1.67kN/m
Total live load
• From E-­F = 1.67 kN/m
Slab 7-­8/E-­F
FED
25002500
8
1.67kN/m
8
1.67kN/m
Total Live
Load
Ultimate load (Beam 8/D-­F)
Load factor that needs to be applied: 1.4 for dead load;; 1.6 for live load
From D-­E
Ultimate dead load = 9.63kN/m x 1.4 = 13.48kN/m
Total ultimate load at D-­E = 13.48kN/m
From E-­F
Ultimate dead load = 12.63kN/m x 1.4 = 17.68kN/m
Ultimate live load = 1.67kN/m x 1.6 = 2.67kN/m
Total ultimate load at E-­F = 17.68 + 2.67 = 20.35kN/m
FED
25002500
8
20.35kN/m13.48kN/m
Total Ultimate
Load
81

82. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
Reaction forces (Beam 8/D-­F)
In a state of equilibrium, the sum of forces acting on a structure should be 0.
Note: Clockwise rotation is taken as positive (+ve).
At Point A,
∑M = 0
(33.7)(1.25) + (119.1)(2.5) + (50.88)(3.75) -­
(RB)(5.0) = 0
RB = 530.68/ 5.0
RB = 106.14kN
∑Fy = 0
RA + RB – 33.7 – 119.1 – 50.88= 0
RA + 106.14 – 33.7 – 119.1 – 50.88 = 0
RA = 97.54kN
LOAD DIAGRAM
RA = 97.54kN RB = 106.14kN
50.88kN
A B
Point load from
beam (119.1kN)
33.70kN
BEAM 8/D-­F
25002500
FED
25002500
8
20.35kN/m13.48kN/m
A
RA = 97.54kN RB = 106.14kN
B
119.1kN
13.48kN/m
25002500
20.35kN/m
82

83. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
LOAD DIAGRAM
SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM
BEAM 8/D-­F
A
RA = 97.54kN RB = 106.14kN
B
119.1kN
13.48kN/m
25002500
20.35kN/m
-­106.14kN
A
B
97.54kN
(+)
63.84kN
-­55.26kN
0kN
(-­)
V
-­106.14kN
A
B
97.54kN
(+)
63.84kN
-­55.26kN
0kN
(-­)
V
CALCULATION FOR SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM
13.48 x 2.5 = 33.7
97.54 – 33.7 = 63.84
63.84 – 119.1 = -­55.26
20.35 X 2.5= 50.88
-­55.26 – 50.88 = -­106.14
83

84. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM
BEAM 8/D-­F
BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM
0 0M
201.8kNm
Negative Area = ½ (-­106.14+(-­55.26))(2.5) = -­201.8kNm
V
A
B
97.54kN
(+)
63.84kN
-­55.26kN
0kN
(-­)
25002500
-­106.14kN
Positive Area = ½ (97.54+63.84)(2.5) = 201.7kNm
84

85. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
BEAM 6/A-­D
Slab 4-­6/A-­B
Brick wall
weight
Beam self
weight
Total Dead
Load
Slab 6-­8/A-­D
6
6.00kN/m
CA DB
4000
15003500
1000
6
1.08kN/m
6
8.55kN/m
6
4.20kN/m
Dead load (Beam 6/A-­D)
1. Beam self weight
= Beam size x Density of concrete
= (0.150 x 0.300)m2 x 24kN/m3
= 1.08kN/m
2. Brick wall weight
= Wall height x Wall thickness x
Density of brick
= (3.000x0.150)m2 x 19kN/m3
= 8.55kN/m
Slab self weight
= Thickness of slab x Density of
concrete
= 0.150m x 24kN/m3
= 3.6kN/m2
3. Dead load on slab 4-­6/A-­B
= Slab self weight x (Lx/2) x 2/3
= 3.6kN/m2 x (3.500/2)m x 2/3
= 4.2kN/m
4. Dead load on slab 6-­8/A-­D
= Slab self weight x (Lx/2) x 2/3
= 3.6kN/m2 x (5.000/2)m x 2/3
= 6.0kN/m
Total dead load
• From A-­B = 1.08 + 8.55 + 4.2 + 6.0
= 19.83kN/m
• From B-­D = 1.08 + 6.00
= 7.08kN/m
6
19.83kN/m
7.08kN/m
85

86. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
BEAM D/6-­8
Slab 4-­6/A-­B
Slab 6-­8/A-­D
Live load (Beam 6/A-­D)
Live load (Bedroom) = 1.5kN/m2
Live load (Bath) = 2.0kN/m2
1. Live load on slab 4-­6/A-­B
= Live load (UBBL) x (Lx/2) x 2/3
= 2.0kN/m2 x (3.500/2)m x 2/3
= 2.33kN/m
2. Live load on slab 6-­8/A-­D
= Live load (UBBL) x (Lx/2) x 2/3
= 1.5kN/m2 x (5.000/2)m x 2/3
= 2.50kN/m
Total live load
• From A-­B = 2.33 + 2.50 = 4.83 kN/m
• From B-­D = 2.50 kN/m
Total Live
Load
BEAM 6/A-­D
CA DB
4000
15003500
1000
6
2.33kN/m
6
2.50kN/m
6
4.83kN/m
2.50kN/m
86

87. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
BEAM 6/A-­D
Ultimate load (Beam 6/A-­D)
Load factor that needs to be applied: 1.4 for dead load;; 1.6 for live load
From A-­B
Ultimate dead load = 19.83kN/m x 1.4 = 27.76kN/m
Ultimate live load = 4.83kN/m x 1.6 = 7.73kN/m
Total ultimate load = 27.76 + 7.73 = 35.49kN/m
From B-­D
Ultimate dead load = 7.08kN/m x 1.4 = 9.91kN/m
Ultimate live load = 2.50kN/m x 1.6 = 4.00kN/m
Total ultimate load = 9.91 + 4.00 = 13.91kN/m
CA DB
4000
15003500
1000
6
35.49kN/m
13.91kN/m
Total Ultimate
Load
87

88. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
Reaction forces (Beam 6/A-­D)
In a state of equilibrium, the sum of forces acting on a structure should be 0.
Note: Clockwise rotation is taken as positive (+ve).
At Point A,
∑M = 0
(124.22)(1.75) + (63.24)(3.5) + (20.87)(4.25) -­
(RB)(5.0) = 0
RB = 527.42/ 5.0
RB = 105.48kN
∑Fy = 0
RA + RB – 124.22 -­ 63.24 – 20.87 = 0
RA + 105.48 – 124.22 -­ 63.24 – 20.87 = 0
RA = 102.85kN
LOAD DIAGRAM
RA = 102.85kN RB = 105.48kN
20.87kN
A B
Point load from beam
(63.24kN)
124.22kN
BEAM 6/A-­D
A
RA = 102.85kN RB = 105.48kN
B
63.24kN
35.49kN/m
13.91kN/m
1000
CA DB
4000
15003500
6
35.49kN/m
13.91kN/m
1500
4000 1000
3500
1500
4000
1000
3500
88

89. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
LOAD DIAGRAM
SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM
BEAM 8/D-­F
A
RA = 102.85kN RB = 105.48kN
B
63.24kN
35.49kN/m
13.91kN/m
15003500
4000
1000
-­105.48kN
A
B
102.85kN
(+)
-­21.37kN
-­84.61kN
0kN
(-­)
V
-­105.48kN
A
B
102.85kN
(+)
-­21.37kN
-­84.61kN
0kN
(-­)
V
CALCULARION FOR SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM
35.49 x 3.5 = 124.22
102.85 – 124.22 = -­21.37
-­21.37 – 63.24 = -­84.61
13.91 X 1.5= 20.87
-­84.61 – 20.87 = -­105.48
89

90. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM
BEAM 8/D-­F
BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM
0 0M
149.1kNm
A
B
102.85kN
(+)
-­21.37kN
-­84.61kN
0kN
(-­)
V
15003500
4000
1000
Positive Area = ½ (102.85)(3.5-­0.6) = 149.1kNm
Negative Area = ½ (0.60)(-­21.37) + ½(-­84.61+(-­105.48))(1.5) = -­149.0kNm
124.22
3.5
21.37
x / 3.5 = 21.37 / 124.22
x = 0.60
x
CALCULATION FOR BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM -­105.48kN
90

91. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
Slab self weight
= Thickness of slab x Density of
concrete
= 0.150m x 24kN/m3
= 3.6kN/m2
Beam self weight
= Beam size x Density of concrete
= (0.150 x 0.300)m2 x 24kN/m3
= 1.1kN/m
Brick wall weight
= Wall height x Wall thickness x
Density of brick
= (3.000x0.150)m2 x 19kN/m3
= 8.6kN/m
Column self weight
= Column size x Density of concrete
= (0.300 x 0.300)m2 x 24kN/m3
= 2.2kN/m
COLUMN 8/A (GROUND FLOOR)
Area of slab (shaded area)
x = 6.000 / 2 = 3.000m Area of slab = xy
y = 5.000 / 2 = 2.500m (3.000)(2.500) = 7.5m2
Dead load (Column 8/A)
1. Dead load from slab
= Area of slab x Slab self weight
= 7.5m2 x3.6kN/m2
= 27.0kN
2. Beam self weight
= Total length of beam x Beam self
weight
= (3.0 + 2.5)m x 1.1kN/m
= 6.1kN
3. Brick wall weight
= Total length of brick wall (Refer to
Archi Plan) x Brick wall weight
= (3.0 + 2.5)m2 x 8.6kN/m
= 47.3kN
4. Column self weight
= Column height x Column self weight
= 3.600m x 2.2kN/m
= 7.9kN
Total dead load at Ground Floor = 27.0 + 6.1 + 47.3 + 7.9 = 88.3kN
C
A
B
D
4000
15003500
1000
6 7 8
6000
3000 3000
C1
C1
C1
C1COLUMN 8/A
x
y
6 7 8
6000
3000 3000
C
A
B
D
4000
35001000
x
y
COLUMN 8/A
91

92. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
COLUMN 8/A (GROUND FLOOR)
Live load (Column 8/A)
Live load (Bedroom) = 1.5kN/m2
1. Live load from slab
= Area of slab x Live load
= 7.5m2 x1.5kN/m2
= 11.3kN
Area of slab (shaded area)
x = 6.000 / 2 = 3.000m
y = 5.000 / 2 = 2.500m
Area of slab = xy
(3.000)(2.500) = 7.5m2
Total live load at Ground Floor = 11.3kN
6 7 8
6000
3000 3000
C
A
B
D
4000
35001000
x
y
COLUMN 8/A
92

93. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
Live load (Column 8/A)
Live load (Roof) = 0.5kN/m2
1. Live load from slab
= Area of slab x Live load
= 7.5m2 x0.5kN/m2
= 3.8kN
Total dead load at Roof = 7.5 + 6.1 = 13.6kN
Roof self weight
= 1.0kN/m2
Beam self weight
= Beam size x Density of concrete
= (0.150 x 0.300)m2 x 24kN/m3
= 1.1kN/m
Dead load (Column 8/A)
1. Dead load from roof
= Area of roof x Roof self weight
= 7.5m2 x 1.0kN/m2
= 7.5kN
2. Beam self weight
= Total length of beam x Beam self
weight
= (3.0 + 2.5)m x 1.1kN/m
= 6.1kN
Total live load at Roof = 3.8kN
6 7 8
C
A
B
D
4000
3500
6000
3000 3000
1000
COLUMN 8/A (ROOF)
COLUMN 8/A
x
y
Area of slab (shaded area)
x = 6.000 / 2 = 3.000m
y = 5.000 / 2 = 2.500m
Area of slab = xy
(3.000)(2.500) = 7.5m2
93

94. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
COLUMN 8/A
Total Ultimate load (Column 8/A)
Load factor that needs to be applied: 1.4 for dead load;; 1.6 for live load
• At Ground Floor
Total dead load = 88.3kN
Total live load = 11.3kN
• At Roof
Total dead load = 13.6kN
Total live load = 3.8kN
• Total ultimate load
Ultimate dead load = (88.3 + 13.6) x 1.4 = 142.7kN
Ultimate live load = (11.3 + 3.8) x 1.6 = 24.2kN
Estimation of Column Load = 142.7 + 24.2 = 166.9kN
94

95. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
Slab self weight
= Thickness of slab x Density of
concrete
= 0.150m x 24kN/m3
= 3.6kN/m2
Beam self weight
= Beam size x Density of concrete
= (0.150 x 0.300)m2 x 24kN/m3
= 1.1kN/m
Brick wall weight
= Wall height x Wall thickness x
Density of brick
= (3.000x0.150)m2 x 19kN/m3
= 8.6kN/m
Column self weight
= Column size x Density of concrete
= (0.300 x 0.300)m2 x 24kN/m3
= 2.2kN/m
COLUMN 8/D (GROUND FLOOR)
Area of slab (shaded area)
x = 6.000 / 2 = 3.000m Area of slab = xy
y = (5.000 + 5.000) / 2 = 5.000m (3.000)(5.000) = 15.0m2
Dead load (Column 8/D)
1. Dead load from slab
= Area of slab x Slab self weight
= 15.0m2 x3.6kN/m2
= 54.0kN
2. Beam self weight
= Total length of beam x Beam self
weight
= (2.5 + 3.0 + 3.0 + 2.5 )m x 1.1kN/m
= 12.1kN
3. Brick wall weight
= Total length of brick wall (Refer to
Archi Plan) x Brick wall weight
= (2.5 + 3.0 + 3.0 + 2.5)m2 x 8.6kN/m
= 94.6kN
4. Column self weight
= Column height x Column self weight
= 3.600m x 2.2kN/m
= 7.9kN
Total dead load at Ground Floor = 54.0 + 12.1 + 94.6 + 7.9 = 168.6kN
6 7 8
6000
3000 3000
60004000
1500250025003500
1000
C
A
B
D
E
F
C1
C1
C1
C1
x
y
COLUMN 8/D
6 7 8
C
A
B
D
E
F
60004000
250025003500
6000
3000 3000
1000
x
y
COLUMN 8/D
95

96. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
COLUMN 8/D (GROUND FLOOR)
Live load (Column 8/D)
Live load (Bedroom) = 1.5kN/m2
Live load (Corridor) = 1.5kN/m2
1. Live load from master bedroom slab
= Area of slab x Live load
= 7.5m2 x1.5kN/m2
= 11.3kN
2. Live load from corridor slab
= Area of slab x Live load
= 7.5m2 x1.5kN/m2
= 11.3kN
Length (shaded area)
x1 = 6.000 / 2 = 3.000m
y1 = (4.000 + 1.000) = 2.500m
x2 = 6.000 / 2 = 3.000m
y2 = 2.500m
Area of slab (shaded area)
Area of slab from master bedroom = x1 y1
(3.000)(2.500) = 7.5m2
Area of slab from corridor = x2 y2
(3.000)(2.500) = 7.5m2
Total live load at Ground Floor = 11.3 + 11.3 = 22.6kN
COLUMN 8/D
6 7 8
C
A
B
D
E
F
60004000
250025003500
6000
3000 30001000
x2
x1
y2
y1
96

97. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
Live load (Column 8/D)
Live load (Roof) = 0.5kN/m2
1. Live load from slab
= Area of slab x Live load
= 15.0m2 x0.5kN/m2
= 7.5kN
Total dead load at Roof = 15.0 + 12.1 = 27.1kN
Roof self weight
= 1.0kN/m2
Beam self weight
= Beam size x Density of concrete
= (0.150 x 0.300)m2 x 24kN/m3
= 1.1kN/m
Dead load (Column 8/D)
1. Dead load from roof
= Area of roof x Roof self weight
= 15.0m2 x 1.0kN/m2
= 15.0kN
2. Beam self weight
= Total length of beam x Beam self
weight
= (2.5 + 3.0 + 3.0 + 2.5) m x 1.1kN/m
= 12.1kN
Area of slab (shaded area)
x = 3.000m
y = (5.000 + 5.000) / 2 = 5.000m
Area of slab = xy
(3.000)(5.000) = 15.0m2
Total live load at Roof = 7.5kN
6 7 8
C
A
B
D
E
F
60004000
250025003500
6000
3000 3000
C
1
C
1
C
1
C
1
1000
x
y
COLUMN 8/D
COLUMN 8/D (ROOF)
97

98. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
COLUMN 8/D
Total Ultimate load (Column 8/D)
Load factor that needs to be applied: 1.4 for dead load;; 1.6 for live load
• At Ground Floor
Total dead load = 168.6kN
Total live load = 22.6kN
• At Roof
Total dead load = 27.1kN
Total live load = 7.5kN
• Total ultimate load
Ultimate dead load = (168.6 + 27.1) x 1.4 = 274.0kN
Ultimate live load = (22.6 + 7.5) x 1.6 = 48.2kN
Estimation of Column Load = 274.0 + 48.2 = 322.2kN
98

99. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
BEAM AND COLUMN ANALYSIS
YAP FOONG MEI
99

100. Group 2 | Lai Eugene | Lau Wan Yee | Lim Yin Ru | Ng Kai Chun | Tee Wan Nee | Yap Foong Mei
Structures (BLD 61203): Structural Analysis of a RC Bungalow
BEAM E/1-­3
Dead load (Beam E/1-­3)
1. Beam self weight
= Beam size x Density of concrete
= (0.150 x 0.300)m2 x 24kN/m3
= 1.08kN/m
2. Brick wall weight
= Wall height x Wall thickness x
Density of brick
= (3.000x0.150)m2 x 19kN/m3
= 8.55kN/m
Slab self weight
= Thickness of slab x Density of
concrete
= 0.150m x 24kN/m3
= 3.6kN/m2
3. Dead load on slab 1-­3/C-­E
= Slab self weight x (Lx/2)
= 3.6kN/m2 x (3.500/2)m
= 6.3kN/m
4. Dead load on slab 1-­2/E-­F
= Slab self weight x (Lx/2)
= 3.6kN/m2 x (2.500/2)m
= 4.5kN/m
5. Dead load on slab 2-­3/E-­F
= Slab self weight x (Lx/2) x 2/3
= 3.6kN/m2 x (2.500/2)m x 2/3
= 3kN/m
Total dead load
• From 1-­2 = 1.08 + 8.55 + 6.3 + 4.5
= 20.43kN/m
• From 2-­3 = 1.08 + 6.3 + 3.0
= 10.38kN/m
Slab 1-­3/C-­E
E
Beam self
weight
Brick wall
weight
Total dead
load
E
1.08kN/m
E
6.3kN/m
E
4.5kN/m
E
1 2
25003500
3
E
3.0kN/m
8.55kN/m
Slab 1-­2/E-­F
Slab 2-­3/E-­F
20.43kN/m
10.38kN/m
100