This document summarizes key kingdoms and organisms within each kingdom. It discusses the kingdoms of Monera, Protista, Fungi, and Plantae. Within Protista, it describes various unicellular algae like diatoms and dinoflagellates as well as multi-cellular algae. It also provides details about bacteria, cyanobacteria, green algae, brown algae, red algae, fungi, and salt tolerant plants.

1. Kingdoms: Monera, Protista,
Fungi, & Plantae

2. PrimaryPrimary
ProducersProducers
• Capable of using light energy to
perform photosynthesis and thus
create their own food

3. Autotrophs &Autotrophs &
HeterotrophsHeterotrophs
• Autotroph – organism capable of
producing own food
• Heterotroph – organism that needs to
ingest nutrients/food

4. Prokaryotic &Prokaryotic &
EukaryoticEukaryotic
• Prokaryotic – cells that do not have a
nucleus
• Eukaryotic – cells that have a defined
nucleus

5. KingdomKingdom
MoneraMonera
• Prokaryotic
• Autotrophic or Heterotrophic
• Bacteria & Cyanobacteria

6. BacteriaBacteria
• Unicellular
• Rod-shaped with cell wall
• Smallest living creatures on earth
• Prokaryote
• Kingdom Monera

9. CyanobacteriaCyanobacteria
• Blue-Green Algae
• Photosynthetic Bacteria
• Important role in the accumulation of
oxygen in our atmosphere

11. KingdomKingdom
ProtistaProtista
• Eukaryotic
• Combine characteristics of plants &
animals
• Includes: unicellular algae, protozoans,
and multi-cellular algae

12. UnicellularUnicellular
AlgaeAlgae
• Widely used term to describe mostly
aquatic, photosynthetic eukaryotes

13. DiatomsDiatoms
• Unicellular algae
• Cell walls made of silica
• Drifts in water (plankton)

15. DinoflaggellatesDinoflaggellates
• Unicellular algae
• Two unequal size flagella
• Cell wall of armored plates of cellulose

17. ForaminiferansForaminiferans
• Protozoans (animal like protists)
• Have pseudopodia (cytoplasmic
extenstions)
• Also called forams

19. CiliatesCiliates
• Protozoans
• Have hair-like cilia to move
• Can live in gills, intestines, skin of fish,
or attached to surfaces

21. Multi-CellularMulti-Cellular
AlgaeAlgae
• Called “Seaweeds”
• More complex than unicellular algae
but not as complex as terrestrial plants
• Categorized in Kingdom Protista,
however some put them in Plantae

22. Parts:Parts:
Thallus:
• The entire structure
Stipe:
• Stem-like part
Blade:
• Leaf-like part
Holdfast:
• Holds on but not a true
root not capable of
transport

23. Green algaeGreen algae
• Most found in freshwater or terrestrial
environments
• Unicellular
• Bright green because chlorophyll is not
masked.

25. Brown AlgaeBrown Algae
• Almost all marine
• Make up the most complex and largest
seaweeds
• Make up kelp

27. Red AlgaeRed Algae
• Most found in marine environments
• Largest group of algae

29. KingdomKingdom
FungiFungi
• 500 species of marine fungi
• Decomposers of dead matter
• Non-photosynthetic
• Plant-like
• Eukaryotic

30. KingdomKingdom
PlantaePlantae
• Eukaryotic
• Photosynthetic
• Almost all multi-cellular

31. SeagrassesSeagrasses
• Not really grasses, more closely related
to lilies
• Form meadows in shallow, tropical
waters

32. Salt TolerantSalt Tolerant
plantsplants
• Most plants that inhabit salt marshes
and shorelines are just tolerant to salt
water and do not have adaptations
especially for it