This document provides details on the lighting design integration project for a community library in Kuala Lumpur. It analyzes the daylight factor of two key spaces - the computer room and human library. It then examines the artificial lighting requirements for these spaces using the lumen method and room index calculation. LED suspended ceiling lights are selected to provide supplementary lighting as needed.

1. SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING & DESIGN
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (HONS) IN ARCHITECTURE
PROJECT 2:
INTEGRATION
PROJECT
BUILDING SCIENCE II BLD61303/ ARC 3413
NAME: NGE JIA CHEN
STUDENT ID: 0317738

2. TABLE OF CONTENT
1.0Introduction
1.1 Objective
1.2 Projectdescription
1.3 Site analysis
1.4 Floor plans
3
3
4
5-8
2.0Lighting
2.1 Day Light factor Analysis
2.1.1 Computer Room
2.1.2 Human Library
9
10-12
13-15
2.2 Artificial Lighting Analysis
2.2.1 Computer Room
2.2.1.1 PSALI
2.2.2 Human Library
2.2.2.1 PSALI
3.0 Reference
16
17-18
19
20-21
22
23

3. 1.0 Introduction
1.1 Objective
This projectaims to integrate students’ understanding of the principles oflighting design in the
contexttheir final design projectofstudio V. It will encompasses on artificial and day lighting
systems also will implementthe PSALIdesign strategies. This projectshow understanding of
artificial lighting and day lighting strategies (PSALI) in our final design, solving design problems
in relation to sustainability issues (natural lighting, site analysis). With this we are able to design
spaces incorporating artificial and day lighting (when necessary).
1.2 ProjectDescription
This Studio V project gives us a chance to design a community library in the heart of Kuala
Lumpur, within Jalan Tuanku Abdul Rahman. The idea and core ofthis projectis reflected
clearly on the above title. The aim of this community library is to provide the community both
public and local with a temporary stay, along this diverse yethomogeneus linear street. To do
so, the 2ommunity library aims to give back to the community by archiving the local affairs,
preserving and exhibiting the identity ofJalan Tuanku Abdul Rahman.
The aim of this projectis to integrate student’s understanding of the principles oflighting design
in contextwith our Design Studio project2, encompassing artificial lighting and daylighting
system also the implementation ofPSALI design strategies. We were to determine the daylight
factors of the chosen spaces below and apply appropriate artificial and daylighting strategies.
PSALI is also implemented for optimum and efficient usage ofboth artificial lighting and
daylight.

4. 1.0 Introduction
1.3 Site Analysis
Figure 1.3.1 Sun path and site context diagram are shown above.
The orientation of the front ofthe site along the sun path is almostfacing directly towards the
Eastern rising side. Sitting in the linear streetof Jalan Tuanku Abdul Rahman, the site is
surrounded by mix oflow storeys and tall buidlings ranging from 3- 15+ stories. Fortunately, for
our site, it is located very strategically on the directrising and setting path of the sun for
maximum utilising of daylighting and lighting passive designs. Butthe downsides to the
extremely illuminated area from day to night are the thermal comfort and glare problems that
might occur constantly. To solve the above issues,some passive design and strategies for
facades and interior spaces need to be considered in this integration project.

5. 1.0 Introduction
1.4 Floor Plan
Figure 1.4.1 NTS Ground floor plan of infill library in Jalan Tuanku Abdul Rahman.

6. Figure 1.4.2 NTS First floor plan of infill library in Jalan Tuanku Abdul Rahman.

7. Figure 1.4.3 NTS Second floor plan of infill library in Jalan Tuanku Abdul Rahman.

8. Figure 1.4.4 NTS Second floor plan of infill library in Jalan Tuanku Abdul Rahman.

9. 2.0 Lighting
2.1 Daylight Factor Analysis
Daylight factor is a ratio that represents the amount of illumination available indoor relative to
the illumination presentoutdoors atthe same time under an overcastsky. Itis the ratio of
internal lightlevel to external light level.
The values of these quantities are determined from the given data and W, T and R are corrected by
using factors given in the BS Daylight Code and other publications.
A standard sky is assumed to give a minimum level of illuminance on the ground.
Fihure 2.1.1 Tables for DF and daylight intensities.

10. 2.0 Lighting
2.1.1 Computer Room
Figure 2.1.1.1 NTS 1ST Floor plan of the infill.

11. DAYLIGHT FACTOR CALCULATION
Areaof windows(W,m2
) L= 8.15 + 5.2
H= 3.5
13.35 × 3.5 = 46.73
Total areaof internal surfaces(A,m2
) Dimensionsof ComputerRoom
L=10.0m, W=6.73m, H= 3.5m
2(10.0 × 3.5) + 2(6.73 × 3.5) + 2(10.0 × 6.73)
= 70.0 + 47.11 + 134.6= 251.71
Glasstransmittance correctedfordirt(T) 0.6 (fordouble glazedwindow inclean
environment)
Visibleskyangle indegreesfromcentre of
window(∅)
17 (majorobstruction)
Average reflectanceof areaA (R) 0.4 (notall lightisreflectedbackintothe space)
Average DaylightFactor(DF)
𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐷𝐹 =
w
A
×
𝑇∅
(1 − 𝑅)
𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐷𝐹 =
46.73
251.71
×
0.6 (17)
(1 − 0.4)
𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐷𝐹 =
476.646
151.026
𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐷𝐹 = 3.16%
Hence, the computer room has a DF of 3.16%. It is a very well brightspace, within 3-6 % in an
overcastsky of1500 lux. The computer room is located in a pretty shaded area within the
building, butwith its large window and transparent openings on both sides, reflected daylightis
allowed into the space, illuminating mostly the back part as it is closer to the back edge ofthe
building. The sky well near to the front glazed panels is supplying sufficientillumination to the
front portion ofthe space. Although, the computer room only need 500 lux according to the
requirements ofMS1525.

12. Figure 2.1.1.2 Light contour of the computer room during the day.
Figure 2.1.1.3 Sectional perspective of the computer room indicating the daylight penetration. From all directions.
The computer room receives minimal daylightfrom both front and middle, butmore on the back
of the building. The structural stack act as a diffuser to the directsunlight from the front
frontage ofthe building, providing comfortable lightdistribution and avoiding possible glares.
The installation of the light fixtures within can be strategically turned on to provide uniform light
distribution and increase energy efficiency as shown in the above diagram.

13. 2.0 Lighting
2.1.2 Human Library
Figure 2.1.2.1 NTS 2nd Floor plan of the infill.

14. DAYLIGHT FACTOR CALCULATION
Areaof windows(W,m2
) L= 16.35
H= 5
16.35 × 5 = 81.75
Total areaof internal surfaces(A,m2
) Dimensionsof Library
L=10m, W=5.1m, H= 5m
2(10 × 5) + 2(5× 5.1) + 2(10 × 5.1)
= 100+ 51+ 102
= 253
Glasstransmittance correctedfordirt(T) 0.6 (fordouble glazedwindow inclean
environment)
Visibleskyangle indegreesfromcentre of
window(∅)
15 (majorobstruction)
Average reflectanceof areaA (R) 0.4 (notall lightisreflectedbackintothe space)
Average DaylightFactor(DF)
𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐷𝐹 =
w
A
×
𝑇∅
(1 − 𝑅)
𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐷𝐹 =
81.75
253
×
0.6 (15)
(1 − 0.4)
𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐷𝐹 =
735.75
151.8
𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐷𝐹 = 4.85%
Hence, the DF of the human library is at 4.85%. It is still within the 3-6% under an
overcastsky of1500 lux. The human library is located in a well illuminated area within the
building, with its large window and transparent openings on both sides, directand indirect
daylightare entering the space, hence the outcome ofthe lightcontour shown. Due to its
positioning on the front portion of the building, exposure ofsunlightis apparentand glare will
happen. Therefore, to address the above issues,several counter measures has been
implemented to resolve them. Although, the human library only need 500 lux according to the
requirements ofMS1525.

15. Figure 2.1.2.2 Light contour of the human library during the day.
Figure 2.1.2.3 Sectional perspective of the human library indicating the daylight penetration. From all directions.
The human library receives extreme daylightfrom the front ofthe building, causing the space to
be illuminated brightly. However, the directsunlightmight cause glares and thermal discomfort
to the userts within the space. The brise soleil actas a diffuser and a deflector to the deflection
the directsunlight from the front frontage of the building, providing comfortable lightdistribution
and avoiding extensive glares. The lightshelfis to provide reflected sunlightfurther into the
interior, at the same time reducing glare and hard sun. The lighting fixtures can be turned on
later in the evening when daylightis not present.

16. 2.0 Lighting
2.2 Artificial Lighting Analysis
Artificial lightsources are other sources oflightwhich developed to compensate for or
assistthe natural light. In the case ofmy proposed library, my spaces are all somewhat
permeated by lighttherefore itmakes natural lighting very effective within my space. Hence,
PSALI, permanentsupplementary ofartificial lighting is implemented in the selected area to
assistin the illumination of the darker spaces. The use ofartificial lighting is crucial especially
for users’ clear span ofvisual activity so that they have comfortable space to work or interact in
without illumination issues.
In this proposed community library, I’ve chose to install artificial lighting in two spaces
that shares dissimilarities on the distribution ofdaylight. Both are spaces where concentrated
activities will be held. The spaces are the computer room and the human library.
Figure 2.2.1 Formulae for lumen method.

17. 2.2.1 Computer Room
Figure 2.2.1.1 Reflected ceiling plan of the computer room.
Type of Lighting
Type of Lightbulb LED SuspendedCeilingLight
ProductBrand Intra Lighting(SWORDC/SSOP2920 Lm 37W
830 1258 Mm FO IP44)
LightingDistribution Directdistribution
Material Fixture Extrudedaluminiumprofile,powdercoated
Nominal Life (hours) 15,000
Wattage Range (W) 37
Luminousflux (lm) 2652
ColourTemperature (K) 3000
ColourDesignation Warm white

18. ROOMINDEX CALCULATION
Dimensionsof Workshop(m2) L=13.5, W=6.7
Total FloorArea(m2) 89.78
Heightof ceiling(m) 3.25
Type of LightingFixture LED SuspendedCeilingLight
LuminousFlux of lighting(F/m) 2652lm
Heightof luminaires(m) 3.0
Heightof workingplane (m) 0.8
MountingHeight(H/Hm) 3.5 – 0.5 – 0.8 = 2.2
IES StandardIlluminationLevelfor
ComputerRoom(E)
500 lux
RoomIndex,RI(K)
𝐿 =
L 𝑥 𝑊
L + 𝑊 (𝐻 𝑚)
=
10.0 𝑥 6.73
13.5 + 6.73 (2.2)
=
67.3
28.31
= 2.38
LUMEN CALCULATION
Numberof Lights(N) 28
Lux required,IESStandardIllumination(E) 500
Areaat workingplane height(A,m2
) Dimensionsof Workshop
L=10.0m, W=6.73m
10.0 × 6.73 = 67.3m
LuminousFlux (F) 2652 lm
Utilizationfactor(UF) 0.56 (basedonUF table)
Maintenance factor(MF) 0.8 (standard)
LumenCalculation(N,numberof lights)
𝑁 =
E × A
𝐹 × 𝑀𝐹 × 𝑈𝐹
𝑁 =
500 × 67.3
2652 × 0.56 × 0.8
𝑁 = 28.32
𝑁 = 28 𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡𝑠
Fittinglayout(where 𝑆 𝑚𝑎𝑥ismaximum
spacing,m)
𝑆 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 1.5 × 𝐻 𝑚
𝑆 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 1.5 × 2.4
𝑆 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 3.6
Distance between lights is not greater than 3.6m.

19. 2.2.1.1 PSALI
Figure 2.2.1.1.1 Light contour for daylight.
Figure 2.2.1.2 PSALI proposal for efficient usage of lighting.
From the daylightcontour, the top right corner of the computer room is obviously notgetting sufficient
distribution of light, hence to help solve the issue ofinadequate lightover the corner, the highlighted
circuit (4-5, A-C) light fixtures is to be turned on during the day for overall space illumination. The rest of
the circuit can be activated later in the evening, creating a lighted space and efficientenergy usag e.
2.2.2 Human Library

20. Figure 2.2.2.1 Reflected ceiling plan of the human library.
Type of Lighting
Type of Lightbulb LED SuspendedAmbientLighting
ProductBrand Intra Lighting (LONA S SOP600 3980 Lm 40W
830 FODriftwood)
LightingDistribution Directdistribution
Material Fixture Aluminiumcasing,powdercoated
Nominal Life (hours) 15,000
Wattage Range (W) 40
Luminousflux (lm) 3602
ColourTemperature (K) 3000
ColourDesignation Warm white

21. ROOMINDEX CALCULATION
Area(m2) L=10m, W=5.1m
Total FloorArea(m2) 102
Heightof ceiling(m) 5
Type of LightingFixture LED SuspendedAmbientLighting
LuminousFlux of lighting(F/m) 3602 lm
Heightof luminaires(m) 3.0
Heightof workingplane (m) 0.8
MountingHeight(H/Hm) 5 – 1.2 – 0.8 = 3
IES StandardIlluminationLevelforHuman
Libraries(E)
500 lux
RoomIndex,RI(K)
𝐿 =
L 𝑥 𝑊
L + 𝑊 (𝐻 𝑚)
=
10 𝑥 5.1
10 + 5.1 (2)
=
51
20.2
= 2.52
LUMEN CALCULATION
Numberof Lights(N)
Lux required,IESStandard Illumination(E) 500
Areaat workingplane height(A,m2
) Dimensionsof Workshop
L=10m, W=5.1m
10 × 5.1 = 51
LuminousFlux (F) 3602
Utilizationfactor(UF) 0.58 (basedonUF table)
Maintenance factor(MF) 0.8 (standard)
LumenCalculation(N, numberof lights)
𝑁 =
E × A
𝐹 × 𝑀𝐹 × 𝑈𝐹
𝑁 =
500 × 51
3602 × 0.58 × 0.8
𝑁 = 15.25
𝑁 = 15 𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡𝑠
Fittinglayout(where 𝑆 𝑚𝑎𝑥ismaximum
spacing,m)
𝑆 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 1.5 × 𝐻 𝑚
𝑆 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 1.5 × 3
𝑆 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 4.5
Distance between lights is not greater than 4.5m.

22. 2.2.2.1 PSALI
Figure 2.2.2.1.1 Light contour of the human library.
Figure 2.2.2.1.1 PSALI proposal for efficient usage of lighting.
From the daylightcontour, the bottom left corner ofthe human library is not getting uniform distribution
of lightcompared to the restof the space, hence to help even outthe distribution oflight over the
corner, the highlighted circuit(A-B, 2) light fixtures is to be turned on during the day for overall space
uniform illumination. The restof the circuit can be activated later in the evening, creating a uniformly
lighted space and efficientenergy usage.

23. 3.0 Reference
1. Lighting Materials for Simulation. (n.d.). Retrieved November29,2016,from
http://lightingmaterials.com/
2. Lighting | Eco solutions | Business | Panasonic Global.(n.d.). Retrieved
November29, 2016,from http://panasonic.net/ecosolutions/lighting/MS1525
3. Philips. (n.d.). Retrieved November29,2016,from
http://www.lighting.philips.com/main/home
4. Augustesen,C. (2006).Lighting design (1sted.). [Munich]: Edition Detail.