Building Science 2

PROJECT 2: INTERGRATION OF STUDIO V PROJECT
1 | B u i l d i n g S c i e n c e 2
BUILDING SCIENCE II (BLD 61303)
PROJECT 2: INTERGRATION PROJECT
TUTOR: AR. EDWIN
KHOR HAO XIANG
0318065

Content
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Project Introduction
1.2 Community Library Introduction
1.3 Floor Plans
2.0 Lighting Analysis
2.1 Daylighting Factor Analysis
2.2 PSALI
2.3 Artificial Lighting Analysis
3.0 Reference

1.1 Project Introduction
This project aims to integrate students understanding of the principles of lighting
design in the context of final design project of studio, which is the community library
project located at Jalan Tuanku Abdul Rahman, Kuala Lumpur. This project
encompasses on artificial and daylighting system, as well as implementing PSALI
design strategies.
1.2 Community Library Introduction
The community library is an urban infill project located in Jalan Tuanku Abdul Rahman.
It was the main street in Kuala Lumpur at one time, named after Malaysia’s first Yang
Di-Pertuan Agong. It is also the city’s longest road with pre-war shophouse buildings
set up along both sides of the street.
Thus, the main intention of the community library is to allow the community to explore
and understand the history behind Jalan TAR. With the following intentions, natural
daylighting and artificial lighting is very crucial because other than providing sufficient
lighting for library reading spaces, appropriate lightings are to be provided specifically
to each different parts of the library such as the historical gallery, lecture theatre, and
cafe book bar which they require different ambience as they function differently. At the
same time, proper shadings are to be provided at outdoor spaces due to the climate
of local Malaysia context.
Site plan: NTS

1.3 Floor Plans

Ground Floor
Scale 1:200

First Floor
Scale 1:200

Second Floor
Scale 1:200

Third Floor
Scale 1:200

Fourth Floor
Scale 1:200

2.0 Lighting Analysis
2.1 Daylight Factor Analysis
Daylight factor is a ratio that represents the amount of illumination available indoors
relative to the illumination present outdoors at the same time under overcast skies.
Ei = Illuminance due to daylight at a point on the indoor working plane
Eo = Simultaneous outdoor illuminance on a horizontal plane from an unobstructed
hemisphere of overcast sky
Average Daylight Factor may be used to assess the adequacy of daylight through
the following formula:

Location of Space A – Group Reading Area (Second Floor)
Section
Scale 1:100
Enlarged Second Floor Plan
(Group Reading Area)
Scale 1:200

Sun Shading Diagram:
Daylighting Contour Diagram:

Section of Group Reading Area (Daylighting)
Floor Area 7.9 x 9.8 = 77.4 m2
Area of Windows ((1.8 x 3.5) x 2) + ((1.6 x 2.1) x 2
= 19.32 m2
Total Internal Surface Area (7.7 x 3.5) + (6.7 x 3.5) + (8.9 x 3.5) + ((7.9 x 9.8) x
2) +(7.7 x 3.5) = 263.3 m2
Average Reflectance, R 0.5
Glass transmittance, T 0.4 (due to shading from balcony above)
Average DF 19.32
263.3
𝑥
0.4(87)
0.5
= 5.1%
Daylight Factor 5.1 = (
𝐸1
20000
) 𝑥 100 = 1020 lux
Analysis
The selected Group reading Area has an average daylight factor of 5.1% and natural
illumination of 1020 lux. Based on daylight factor and distribution from Departments of
Standards Malaysia (2007), the percentage achieved is considered as good daylight
distribution. But, most of the daylight are focused on the façade part of the building
due the outdoor reading area right outside of the façade, thus artificial lighting and
PSALI concept are much needed to aid lighting the inner part of the space and also to
have efficient lighting configuration throughout the day.

2.2 PSALI
Section of Group reading Area
During the daytime, only row C and row E is required to be on as the space receive
indirect sunlight throughout the day.
During the evening, row D will be turned on, row B is still not required as the space is
west oriented, therefore row B will be receiving evening natural sunlight.
All lights are on during the night. Row A wil be turned on if there are occupants using
the outdoor green study at nigh time.

Lumen Method for Space A
Type of fixture Suspended LED
Image of fixture
Product Model Philips SYNC Suspended LED
Dimensions 200mm x 1200mm
Type of Luminous Cool White
Luminouse
Flux(lm)
3000
Power 28.4 W
Colour
Temperature
4000k
Colour Rendering
Index
80
Room Index (7.7 𝑥 9.8)
35.4
= 1.54
Utilization Factor 0.62
Maintenance
Factor
0.95
Reflectance White Plaster Ceiling: 0.7
Cement Render Wall: 0.5
White Finished Table: 0.3
Number of Lamps
required
300 𝑥 (7.7 𝑥 9.8)
3000 𝑥 0.62 𝑥 0.95
= 12.8 = 13
Maximum
Horizontal Span
per fittings
1.0 x 2.5(working plane to suspended LED) = 2.5m

Space A Reflected Ceiling Plan (Scale 1:100)
The drawing above shows the lighting fixtures and spacing in the reflected roof ceiling
plan of group reading area. Horizontal spacing between each lamp are 1.4m, which is
within calculated maximum spacing of 2.5m, and spacing between each lamp in a row
is kept to 400mm. !4 lamps are provided, one more lamps that calculated 13 lamps to
provide adequate lighting throughout the space.

Lighting Contours on Space A

2.3 Artificial Lighting Analysis
Lumen Method
Lumen method is a simplified method to calculate the light level in a room. The
method is a series of calculations that uses horizontal illuminance criteria to establish
a uniform luminaire layout in a space.
To calculate the number on lamps required in a space, the following formula are
used:
Where,
N = Number of lamps required
E = Required (lux) in specific to function of space
A = Area at working plan height (m2)
F = Initial luminous flux from each lamp (lm)
UF = Utilization Factor
MF = Maintenance Factor
Room index (K) is required to obtain UF value, whereby:
L = length
W = Width
Hm = Mounted height of fitting above the working plane
Maximum horizontal spacing between fitting are calculated through:
Smax = 1.0x Hm

Location of Space B – Lecture Theatre (Fourth Floor)
Enlarged Fourth
Floor Plan (Lecture
Theatre)
Scale 1:100
Section
Scale 1:100

Lumen Method for Space B
Type of fixture Recessed Dimmable LED
Image of fixture
Product Model Philips Ledalite Arcform
Dimensions 600mm x 600mm
Type of Luminous Cool White
Luminouse
Flux(lm)
3000
Power 29.5 W
Colour
Temperature
4000k
Colour Rendering
Index
80
Dimension of
Room
Length= 11.4m Width= 5m
Total Floor Area 57m2
Ceiling Height 3.5m
Working Plane 2.8m
Room Index (5 𝑥 11.4)
45.8
= 1.24
Utilization Factor 0.55
Maintenance
Factor
0.95
Reflectance White Plaster Ceiling: 0.7
Cement Render Wall: 0.5
White Finished Table: 0.3
Number of Lamps
required
500 𝑥 (5𝑥11.4)
3000 𝑥 0.55 𝑥 0.95
= 18.18= 19
Maximum
Horizontal Span
per fittings
1.0 x 2.8(working plane to recessed Arcform LED light) =
2.8m

Space B Reflected Ceiling Plan (scale 1:100)
The light fixtures are equally distributed into 5 rows; therefore, the space is having 20
bulbs instead to achieve efficient internal lighting. Each row’s spacing are 1.4m which
did not exceed the maximum horizontal span of 2.8m. Each row of lighting fixtures are
controlled by individual switched to ease operations.

Lighting Situation

Space B Lighting Contour

3.0 Reference
Department of standards Malaysia (2007). CODE OF PRACTICE ON ENERGY
EFFICIENCY AND USE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY FOR NON-RESIDENTIAL
BUILDSINGS (FIRST REVISION). N.p, Departments of standards Malaysia,
Retrieved from
www.msonline.gov.my
Boubekri, M. (2008). Daylighting, architecture and health: building design strategies.
Amsterdam: Architectural Press.
Ecotect Lighting Analysis Tutorial. (2017). bldgsim. Retrieved 16 July 2017,
from https://bldgsim.wordpress.com/2009/02/07/ecotect-lighting-analysis-tutorial/
"Philips." Philips Lighting - LED & Conventional lighting solutions. N.p., n.d. Web. 16
July 2017

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