1. The document discusses creating threads using the Runnable interface in Java. 2. The Runnable interface contains only the run() method, which is implemented by classes that want instances to run as threads. 3. To create a thread using Runnable, a Thread object is instantiated and passed the Runnable target, or the Thread object can be instantiated within the Runnable class's constructor.

1. Creating Threads using Runnable interface
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2. Objectives
On completion of this period, you would be
able to learn
• Creating threads using Runnable interface
• Creating multiple threads
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3. Recap
In the previous class we learnt that there are two
ways to create a thread
1. Extending Thread class
2. Implementing Runnable interface
• We have created threads using Thread class
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4. Implementing Runnable Interface
• The Runnable interface has only one method
• run() method
• The Runnable interface should be implemented by
• Any class whose instances are intended to be
executed as a thread
• The class must define run() method of no arguments
• The run() method is like main() for the new thread
• A class that implements Runnable can run by
• Instantiating a Thread instance and passing itself in
as the target
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5. Implementing Runnable Interface contd..
• Two Ways of Starting a Thread For a class that
implements Runnable
• The first approach:
• Caller thread creates Thread object and starts
it explicitly after an object instance of the
class that implements Runnable interface is
created
• The start() method of the Thread object
needs to be explicitly invoked after object
instance is created
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6. Implementing Runnable Interface contd..
• The second approach
• The Thread object is created and started
within the constructor method of the class that
implements Runnable interface
• The caller thread just needs to create
object instances of the Runnable class
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7. Scheme 1: Explicit start
class PrintNameRunnable implements Runnable {
String name;
PrintNameRunnable(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
System.out.print(name);
}
}
}
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8. Scheme 1: Explicit start
Public class RunnableThreadTest1 {
public static void main(String args[]) {
PrintNameRunnable pnt1 = new
PrintNameRunnable("A");
Thread t1 = new Thread(pnt1);
t1.start();
}
}
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9. Scheme 2: Started in constructor
Class PrintNameRunnable implements Runnable {
Thread thread;
PrintNameRunnable(String name) {
thread = new Thread(this, name);
thread.start();
}
public void run() {
String name = thread.getName();
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
System.out.print(name);
}
}
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}

10. Scheme 2: Started in constructor contd..
public class RunnableThreadTest2 {
public static void main (String args []) {
new Print Name Runnable ("A");
new Print Name Runnable ("B");
new Print Name Runnable ("C");
}
}
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11. Thread vs. Runnable
• Choosing between these two is a matter of taste
• Implementing the Runnable interface
• May take more work since we still
• Declare a Thread object
• Call the Thread methods on this object
• Your class can still extend other class
• Extending the Thread class
• Easier to implement
• Your class can no longer extend any other
class
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12. Example Program
class NewThread implements Runnable {
String name; // name of thread Giving a name to
the thread
Thread t;
NewThread(String threadname) {
name = threadname;
t = new Thread(this, name);
System.out.println("New thread: " + t);
t.start(); // Start the thread
}
Scheme 2 is used
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13. Example Program contd..
// This is the entry point for thread.
public void run() {
try {
for (int i = 5; i > 0; i--) {
System. out. println (name + ": " + i);
Thread.sleep(1000);
}
} catch (Interrupted Exception e) {
System. out. Println ( name + "Interrupted");
}
System. out. Println (name + " exiting.");
}
} 13

14. Example Program contd..
class RunnableThread {
public static void main(String args[]) {
new NewThread("Child Thread"); // create a new thread
try {
for(int i = 5; i > 0; i--) {
System.out.println("Main Thread: " + i);
Thread.sleep(500);
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
System.out.println("Main thread interrupted.");
}
System.out.println("Main thread exiting.");
}
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}

15. Example Program
Output
main thread finishes first
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16. Example Program
class PrintThread extends Thread {
private int sleepTime;
// PrintThread constructor assigns name to thread
// by calling Thread constructor
public PrintThread( String name )
{
super( name );
// sleep between 0 and 5 seconds
sleepTime = (int) ( Math.random() * 5000 );
System.out.println( "Name: " + getName() +
"; sleep: " + sleepTime );
} Generate a random
number within 5000
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17. Example Program contd..
public void run()
{
// put thread to sleep for a random interval
try {
System.out.println( getName() + " I have done my work" );
System.out.println( getName() + " going to sleep" );
Thread.sleep( sleepTime );
}
catch ( InterruptedException exception ) {
System.out.println( exception.toString() );
}
System.out.println( getName() + " done sleeping" );
}
}
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18. Example Program contd..
public class ThreadTester {
public static void main( String args[] )
{
PrintThread thread1, thread2, thread3, thread4;
thread1 = new PrintThread( "thread1" );
thread2 = new PrintThread( "thread2" );
thread3 = new PrintThread( "thread3" );
thread4 = new PrintThread( "thread4" );
System.out.println( "nStarting threads" );
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19. Example Program contd…
thread1.start();
thread2.start();
thread3.start();
thread4.start();
System. out. Println ( "Threads startedn" );
}
}
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20. Example Program Contd..
Output
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21. Summary
• In this class you have learnt
• The second way of creating threads i.e., by
implementing Runnable interface
• The two schemes for the above approach
• Creating multiple threads
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22. Frequently Asked Questions
1. List the steps for creating the thread by
implementing Runnable interface
2. Explain the need for multithreading
3. Explain the steps needed to create multiple
threads and using them
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23. Quiz
1.How many methods are there in Runnable
interface ?
1. One
2. Two
3. Three
4. More than three
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24. Quiz Contd..
2.What is the name of the method in Runnable
interface ?
1. runnable ()
2. run ()
3. running ()
4. runs ()

25. Quiz Contd..
3.When you create a thread object in main method and run it,
how many threads do you expect running in parallel ?
1. One
2. Two
3. Three
4. More than three
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26. Quiz Contd..
4.When we implement the Runnable interface, we
must define the method
1. start()
2. stop()
3. run()
4. main()

27. Assignments
• Write a Java thread that prints even numbers up
to 20
• Write a Java thread that prints odd numbers up to
20
• Write a Java thread that prints prime numbers up
to 100
• In all the above programs, put the delay of one
second after every print
• Write a Java program to create multiple threads
using the above three threads
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