Java Multi Threading Concept
By N.V.Raja Sekhar Reddy
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Multithreading is the ability of a program or an
operating system process to manage its use by
more than one user at a time and to even manage
multiple requests by the same user without
having to have multiple copies of the
programming running in the computer.
Advanced Introduction to Java Multi-Threading - Full (chok)choksheak
Designed for the beginning Java developer to grasp advanced Java multi-threading concepts quickly. Talks mainly about the Java Memory Model and the Concurrent Utilities. This presentation is Java-specific and we intentionally omit general non-Java-specific details, such as hardware architecture, OS, native threads, algorithms, and general software design principles etc.
Multithreading is the ability of a program or an
operating system process to manage its use by
more than one user at a time and to even manage
multiple requests by the same user without
having to have multiple copies of the
programming running in the computer.
Advanced Introduction to Java Multi-Threading - Full (chok)choksheak
Designed for the beginning Java developer to grasp advanced Java multi-threading concepts quickly. Talks mainly about the Java Memory Model and the Concurrent Utilities. This presentation is Java-specific and we intentionally omit general non-Java-specific details, such as hardware architecture, OS, native threads, algorithms, and general software design principles etc.
This ppt gives a general idea about the multithreading concepts in the java programming language. hope you find it useful
P.S :
sorry there is a correction in one of the slides
where i have entered implements thread
it is wrong it is actually implements Runnable
thank you!
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This presentation will give a brief idea about threads.
This presentation gives you what is required if you are a starter.
This has the lifecycle, multithreading and differences between multithreadind and normal threading.
This presentation even have example programs.
JAVA EXCEPTION HANDLING
N.V.Raja Sekhar Reddy
www.technolamp.co.in
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Gives You the brief idea about packages in JAVA
By N.V.Raja Sekhar Reddy
www.technolamp.co.in
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String Handling in java
By N.V.Raja Sekhar Reddy
www.technolamp.co.in
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Presented By:
N.V.Raja Sekhar Reddy
www.technolamp.co.in
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Class object method constructors in javaRaja Sekhar
Presented By :
N.V.Raja Sekhar Reddy
www.technolamp.co.in
www.programming9.com
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Presented by: N.V.RajaSekhar Reddy
www.technolamp.co.in
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Presented by: N.V.Rajasekhar Reddy
www.technolamp.co.in
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GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
A presentation about the usage and availability of Varnish on Kubernetes. This talk explores the capabilities of Varnish caching and shows how to use the Varnish Helm chart to deploy it to Kubernetes.
This presentation was delivered at K8SUG Singapore. See https://feryn.eu/presentations/accelerate-your-kubernetes-clusters-with-varnish-caching-k8sug-singapore-28-2024 for more details.
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI is on the rise. However, simply machine learning on just any symbolic structure is not sufficient to really harvest the gains of NeSy. These will only be gained when the symbolic structures have an actual semantics. I give an operational definition of semantics as “predictable inference”.
All of this illustrated with link prediction over knowledge graphs, but the argument is general.
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
2. Multitasking and Multithreading
• Multitasking:
– refers to a computer's ability to perform multiple jobs
concurrently
– more than one program are running concurrently, e.g.,
UNIX
• Multithreading:
– A thread is a single sequence of execution within a
program
– refers to multiple threads of control within a single
program
– each program can run multiple threads of control within
it, e.g., Web Browser
2
5. What are Threads Good For?
• To maintain responsiveness of an application
during a long running task
• To enable cancellation of separable tasks
• Some problems are intrinsically parallel
• To monitor status of some resource (e.g., DB)
• Some APIs and systems demand it (e.g., Swing)
5
6. Application Thread
• When we execute an application:
1. The JVM creates a Thread object whose task
is defined by the main() method
2. The JVM starts the thread
3. The thread executes the statements of the
program one by one
4. After executing all the statements, the method
returns and the thread dies
6
7. Multiple Threads in an Application
• Each thread has its private run-time stack
• If two threads execute the same method, each will
have its own copy of the local variables the
methods uses
• However, all threads see the same dynamic
memory, i.e., heap (are there variables on the
heap?)
• Two different threads can act on the same object
and same static fields concurrently
7
8. Creating Threads
• There are two ways to create our own
Thread object
1. Subclassing the Thread class and instantiating
a new object of that class
2. Implementing the Runnable interface
• In both cases the run() method should be
implemented
8
9. Extending Thread
public class ThreadExample extends Thread {
public void run () {
for (int i = 1; i <= 100; i++) {
System.out.println(“---”);
}
}
}
9
10. Thread Methods
void start()
– Creates a new thread and makes it runnable
– This method can be called only once
void run()
– The new thread begins its life inside this method
void stop() (deprecated)
– The thread is being terminated
10
11. Thread Methods
void yield()
– Causes the currently executing thread object to
temporarily pause and allow other threads to
execute
– Allow only threads of the same priority to run
void sleep(int m) or sleep(int m, int n)
– The thread sleeps for m milliseconds, plus n
nanoseconds
11
12. Implementing Runnable
public class RunnableExample implements Runnable {
public void run () {
for (int i = 1; i <= 100; i++) {
System.out.println (“***”);
}
}
}
12
13. A Runnable Object
• When running the Runnable object, a
Thread object is created from the Runnable
object
• The Thread object’s run() method calls the
Runnable object’s run() method
• Allows threads to run inside any object,
regardless of inheritance Example – an applet
that is also a thread 13
14. Starting the Threads
public class ThreadsStartExample {
public static void main (String argv[]) {
new ThreadExample ().start ();
new Thread(new RunnableExample ()).start ();
}
}
What will we see when running
ThreadsStartExample?
14
16. Scheduling Threads
start()
Ready queue
Newly created
threads
Currently executed
thread
I/O operation completes
•Waiting for I/O operation to be completed
What happens when •Waiting to be notified
a program with a •Sleeping
ServerSocket calls •Waiting to enter a synchronized section
accept()? 16
17. Thread State Diagram
Alive
Running
new ThreadExample(); while (…) { … }
New Thread Runnable Dead Thread
thread.start();
run() method returns
Blocked
Object.wait()
Thread.sleep()
blocking IO call
waiting on a monitor 17
18. Example
public class PrintThread1 extends Thread {
String name;
public PrintThread1(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public void run() {
for (int i=1; i<100 ; i++) {
try {
sleep((long)(Math.random() * 100));
} catch (InterruptedException ie) { }
System.out.print(name);
}
}
18
19. Example (cont)
public static void main(String args[]) {
PrintThread1 a = new PrintThread1("*");
PrintThread1 b = new PrintThread1("-");
a.start();
b.start();
}
}
19
21. Scheduling
• Thread scheduling is the mechanism used
to determine how runnable threads are
allocated CPU time
• A thread-scheduling mechanism is either
preemptive or nonpreemptive
21
22. Preemptive Scheduling
• Preemptive scheduling – the thread scheduler
preempts (pauses) a running thread to allow
different threads to execute
• Nonpreemptive scheduling – the scheduler never
interrupts a running thread
• The nonpreemptive scheduler relies on the running
thread to yield control of the CPU so that other
threads may execute
22
23. Thread Priority
• Every thread has a priority
• When a thread is created, it inherits the
priority of the thread that created it
• The priority values range from 1 to 10,
in increasing priority
23
24. Thread Priority (cont.)
• The priority can be adjusted subsequently using
the setPriority() method
• The priority of a thread may be obtained using
getPriority()
• Priority constants are defined:
– MIN_PRIORITY=1
– MAX_PRIORITY=10 The main thread is
created with priority
– NORM_PRIORITY=5
NORM_PRIORITY
24
25. Daemon Threads
• Daemon threads are “background” threads, that
provide services to other threads, e.g., the garbage
collection thread
• The Java VM will not exit if non-Daemon threads
are executing
• The Java VM will exit if only Daemon threads are
executing
• Daemon threads die when the Java VM exits
• Q: Is the main thread a daemon thread?
25
26. Thread and the Garbage Collector
• Can a Thread object be collected by the
garbage collector while running?
– If not, why?
– If yes, what happens to the execution thread?
• When can a Thread object be collected?
26
27. ThreadGroup
• The ThreadGroup class is used to create
groups of similar threads. Why is this
needed?
“Thread groups are best viewed as an
unsuccessful experiment, and you may simply
ignore their existence.”
Joshua Bloch, software architect at Sun
27