Roots And Shoots
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The document discusses plant structures including roots and shoots. It describes the main functions of roots as anchoring the plant, absorbing water and minerals, and food storage. The three basic types of root systems are described as fibrous, taproot, and storage taproot. Key root terms like root hairs, fleshy roots, and aerial roots are also defined. The functions of stems include attachment for leaves/flowers/fruit, housing the vascular system, storage, and helping plants spread. Different stem types such as simple, branched, climbing, creeping, rhizomes, and stolons are outlined.
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The document discusses the growth and development of different plant structures including leaves, roots, stems, and tubers. It describes the functions and mechanisms of growth for each structure. The mechanisms of growth discussed include seed germination, photosynthesis, and plant hormones. The major plant hormones and their functions are also summarized.
Reproduction, growth and development ppt
Reproduction is the process by which organisms replicate themselves to ensure the continued existence of their species. There are two main types of reproduction: asexual reproduction, which involves mitosis and does not require the fusion of gametes, and sexual reproduction, which requires the fusion of male and female gametes. Asexual reproduction occurs through various processes including binary fission, fragmentation, budding, and spore formation. Binary fission is the simplest type, where a single-celled organism undergoes mitosis to produce two identical daughter cells.
Creeping Fig Show
Creeping fig is a small, creeping foliage plant with thin, twisted, woody stems that stay close to the ground. It has small, leathery leaves that are sometimes variegated with scattered hairs on top. To care for creeping fig, keep the soil evenly moist in medium to low light and propagate through stem cuttings. It is sensitive to underwatering and can die if it dries out.
Creeping charlie show
Creeping Charley is a low growing plant with opposite, rounded leaves that have deep veins and a crenate margin. It loves water and medium light, often growing well in hanging baskets or east and north windows. Creeping Charley propagates easily through stem cuttings and is an easy to care for foliage plant that may occasionally have aphid problems.
Climbing plants and Vines
Floral pictures of Climbing plants and wall shrubs at our Sriniket garden Dindori, Nasik. Climbers are excellent choices for they take up little ground space, whereas wall shrubs require more ground space. Popular plants at Sriniket : Bougainvillea, Clematis, Jasmin, Passiflora. Enjoy
Mangrove Action Project Presentation
Mangroves are vital for healthy coastal ecosystems in many regions of the world and research and studies are revealing the unique importance of these habitats to the planet. The Mangrove Action Project is dedicated to reversing the degradation and loss of mangrove forest wetlands and their associated coastal ecosystems worldwide. www.mangroveactionproject.org
Rice - Geography
Rice is the most important staple food for a large part of the world's population, especially in Asia. It is the second most produced grain after maize. As maize is often grown for purposes other than human consumption, rice provides more calories globally than any other grain. Rice is normally grown as an annual plant in tropical and subtropical regions, with rainfall, temperature, day length, and sunlight being important factors for its cultivation. However, problems include small and marginal farmers, floods, low soil fertility, pests, and drought.
Plant tissue cultur eppt
This document provides an overview of plant tissue culture. It defines plant tissue culture as the in vitro culture of plant cells, tissues, or organs on an artificial nutrient medium under sterile conditions. The key requirements for plant tissue culture are discussed, including necessary equipment, media preparation, sterilization techniques, and growth regulators. Plant cells have three fundamental abilities - totipotency, dedifferentiation, and competency - that allow regeneration of whole plants in culture. A brief history of developments in plant tissue culture is also presented.
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Mangroves Management in Thailand: Presentation for jica workshop nov. 4 10, 2...
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Similar to Roots And Shoots
Name That Plant Part
This document provides an overview of plant structures and their functions, including roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds. It defines basic root systems like taproots and fibrous roots, and describes root functions such as anchoring, water absorption, and food storage. The document also outlines stem structures and functions, common leaf shapes and arrangements, parts of flowers and inflorescences, and different types of fruits and seeds. Definitions and examples are included for each plant structure.
intro_to_plants.ppt
This document provides an overview of plant classification and structure. It begins by discussing the importance of plants and how they are classified from the broadest groups of vascular vs. nonvascular plants. It then describes the major vascular plant groups of gymnosperms and angiosperms, and how angiosperms are further divided into monocots and dicots. The document outlines the key structures and functions of plant parts like flowers, leaves, stems, and roots. It also covers plant reproduction, growth, and environmental responses.
Taxon.c.b.
This document provides an overview of plant taxonomy including its objectives, main references, and course syllabus. It discusses key concepts in plant taxonomy such as identification, classification, and nomenclature. It also summarizes several important plant families including Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Poaceae, Brassicaceae, Apiaceae, Lamiaceae, and Rosaceae. Methods of plant taxonomy are outlined including morphology, floristics, herbaria, and botanical gardens. The importance of field observation and a region's flora are also noted.
Plant anatomy & physiology
This document summarizes plant anatomy and physiology, focusing on the four basic parts of plants - leaves, stems, roots, and flowers. It describes the structures and functions of each part in detail, including tissues of the leaf like the epidermis, mesophyll layer, and vascular bundles. It also discusses specialized stem structures like bulbs, tubers, and rhizomes. The summary provides an overview of the key components and processes in plant anatomy.
Plant anatomy presentation
This document provides an overview of plant anatomy, focusing on the four basic plant parts - leaves, stems, roots, and flowers. It describes the structures and functions of each part in detail. For leaves, it outlines the tissues of the leaf including the epidermis, mesophyll layer, and vascular bundles. For stems, it discusses external structures, internal structures of monocots and dicots, and specialized stem types. It also defines the different types of roots and their internal and external parts. Finally, it examines the structures and types of flowers.
P L A N T S
The plant kingdom is divided into two main groups: vascular and non-vascular plants. Vascular plants have tissues that transport water and nutrients throughout the plant. Non-vascular plants like mosses and liverworts lack these tissues and rely on cell walls for transport. Seedless plants reproduce via spores and include non-vascular bryophytes as well as vascular horsetails, ferns, and spikemosses. Seed plants have true roots, stems, leaves and vascular tissues. They reproduce via seeds and are divided into gymnosperms like conifers, which have naked seeds, and angiosperms, which produce flowers and fruits containing seeds. Angiosperms are further divided into monocots and dicots.
Classification of plants 2nd powerpoint [Autosaved].ppt
The document provides information on the classification of plants. It discusses the key groups of plants including non-vascular plants like mosses and ferns, as well as vascular plants like gymnosperms and flowering plants. Within flowering plants, it describes the differences between monocots and dicots. The document also outlines the characteristics and examples of different plant groups and defines important plant anatomy terms.
Plantclassificationnotes
The document discusses the classification and characteristics of different types of plants. Vascular plants have transport tissues called xylem and phloem, while non-vascular plants do not. Xylem transports water and phloem transports food. Vascular plants are divided into woody plants, which have bark and grow in rings, and herbaceous plants, which have soft stems and grow in bundles. Reproduction also distinguishes plant types, with seed plants reproducing sexually and spore plants reproducing asexually. Flowering plants produce seeds in flowers, while cone-bearing plants produce seeds in cones. Monocot and dicot plants differ in seed, leaf, vein and flower structures.
Plant Anatomy-1
The document provides details on the syllabus for a Botany course covering Angiosperm Systematics, Anatomy, and Embryology. The syllabus is divided into 6 units that will examine topics such as the classification and evolution of angiosperms, important plant families, plant tissue structure, anatomy of roots, stems, and leaves, and plant reproduction through embryology. Key concepts that will be discussed include plant tissue types, vascular bundle structure, leaf anatomy related to photosynthesis, and plant development from megasporogenesis through embryogenesis.
Plant Organs and Tissues Presentation
The document discusses the structures and functions of plant organs and tissues, dividing plants into two main groups - bryophytes which lack specialized tissues for transport, and tracheophytes which have vascular tissues like xylem and phloem. Key plant organs like roots, stems, leaves, and reproductive structures are described. The transport systems allow tracheophytes to grow larger by moving water, nutrients, and food throughout the plant.
CLASS V EVS
Plant parts include roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds. Roots have two main systems - taproot and fibrous. Roots absorb water and nutrients, anchor the plant, transport nutrients, and store food. Leaves perform photosynthesis to produce food and transpiration to regulate gas exchange. Stems transport water and nutrients, support other plant structures, and store food. Flowers facilitate sexual reproduction through pollination. Fruits develop from ovaries and aid seed production. Seeds contain an embryo, endosperm, and cotyledons to support growth of a new plant.
Root morpology ppt
Roots have several important functions for plants. They anchor the plant, absorb water and minerals from the soil to transport throughout the plant. Some roots also store food, such as carrots, radishes and beets. There are two main types of roots: taproots, which are thick primary roots that grow straight down, and fibrous roots, which have many similar roots growing from the stem. Roots can also be modified, such as tuberous roots that store food or nodulated roots with nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Adventitious roots grow from other parts of the plant and take various forms like subterranean, stilt, prop or aerial roots. Roots are important for plant survival and have uses for humans as
Classification including plants
This document provides an overview of biological classification and the six kingdoms of life - Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Protist, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia. It focuses on describing the key characteristics of plants, including their classification as vascular or nonvascular, seedless or seeded, gymnosperms or angiosperms. Examples are given for each category of plant life.
Classification including plants
This document provides an overview of biological classification and the six kingdoms of life - Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Protist, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia. It focuses on describing the key characteristics of plants, including their classification as vascular or nonvascular, seedless or seeded, gymnosperms or angiosperms. Examples are given for each category of plant life.
Theopretus | Father of Botany
Theophrastus was a Greek philosopher and student
of Aristotle
▪ He was born in 370 BC in Eresos.
▪ Most important of his books are two large botanical
treatises, Enquiry into Plants and On the Causes of
Plants
▪ Also known as Father Of Botany due to his extensive
writings and contribution on plants study.
▪ The greats of the Theophrastus and Aristotle Were both working diligently
to discover and Characterize Plants in the 4th Century BCE.
▪ His noteable ideas Prosleptic, hypothetical syllogisms ,Modus
ponens and modus tollens.
▪ He serves in field of Ethics, grammar, history, logic, metaphysics, natural
history, physics and botany.
▪ His major contribution to Botany is the classification of Plants.
Theophrastus Classified Plants into four Categories on the basis of
their growth habits, Stem Structure and leaves.
• Herbs • Shrubs • Subshrubs • Tress
▪ He divided Plants into two groups trees and herbs. Within these he further
Classified Plants their Stem Structure and leaves, Such as woody herbaceous
Stems and Simple compound and Lobed leaves. He also distinguish between
monocotyledons and dicotyledons based on Seed leaves in the embryo .
▪ Theophrastus Classification System was one of the earliest organize and
understand the vast diversity of Plant life on Earth.
Plant Structure & Growth
This document summarizes plant structure and growth, including plant taxonomy and naming conventions using Latin names, the major parts of plants including leaves, seeds, flowers and stems, the structures and functions of these parts, and plant processes like photosynthesis, respiration and transpiration. It also discusses plant nutrient needs, common plant diseases and insect pests, and methods of biological pest control.
Plants
Fungi are multicellular organisms that are not closely related to plants or animals. They break down organic matter as decomposers and can also feed on plants and animals. Plants evolved from algae and developed vascular tissue, roots, stems and leaves to adapt to life on land. They reproduce using alternation of generations between haploid gametophytes and diploid sporophytes. Angiosperms are the most abundant group of plants and reproduce using flowers and seeds. Plant tissues include epidermis, ground tissue and vascular tissue which transports water and nutrients.
#4 plants,flowers, cones donohue
The document discusses the key structures and processes of plants, including:
- Plants obtain energy through photosynthesis in their leaves and cellular respiration throughout the plant.
- They have evolved specialized tissues like vascular tissue to transport water and nutrients.
- Reproduction occurs through flowers, fruits, and cones, with angiosperms having seeds in fruits and gymnosperms using cones.
3 ustclsputaxonomy
The document outlines the objectives, content, and activities of a botany workshop focusing on plant taxonomy. The workshop aims to develop participants' background in botany and plant taxonomy, appreciate plants' economic importance, and build camaraderie. The document covers the science of plant taxonomy, including identification and classification of plants according to their taxonomic ranks, from kingdom to species. It provides examples of non-vascular and vascular plants classified according to their divisions.
Kingdom plantae - Introduction and plant morphology
Introduction to the Kingdom Plantae and plant morphology with examples, images and explanatory diagrams.
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Giese
Excess phosphorus levels in Lake Champlain from agricultural and residential runoff have led to toxic algal blooms that threaten the local environment and economy. Sources of phosphorus include fertilizers, livestock waste, and household products. While efforts have been made to upgrade sewage treatment and filter stormwater runoff, more remains to be done to reduce phosphorus levels and restore balance to the lake's ecosystem.
Walker
The document discusses ways to reduce phosphorus pollution in Lake Champlain. It identifies excess phosphorus as the main driver of algae blooms, noting it comes from both point sources like wastewater as well as nonpoint sources like urban and agricultural runoff. Some challenges to reducing phosphorus include the costs of implementation and changing transportation habits. Steps that have been taken include agricultural best management practices, phosphorus removal at wastewater plants, and public outreach campaigns. The document recommends that leaders in Plattsburg and Burlington educate themselves and the public on the issue and get residents involved in the process.
Trull
The document discusses algal blooms caused by excess phosphorus in Lake Champlain. It notes that phosphorus enters the water from sources like fertilizer runoff, sewage, and animal waste. This causes eutrophication which harms water quality and food webs. Algal blooms can produce toxins and have led to beach closures. Solutions proposed include improving nutrient management on farms and using algae and other byproducts as resources rather than waste.
Spahr
The document discusses how human activities have negatively impacted Lake Champlain through eutrophication. Specifically, it notes that phosphorus runoff from intensive agriculture and increasing populations in the watersheds have led to higher phosphorus levels in the lake over time. While efforts have been made to reduce phosphorus, they have had only incremental effects due to the persistence of phosphorus in soils and the diffuse nature of non-point runoff sources. The highest phosphorus levels in the lake correspond to watersheds that experienced greater population growth and land use changes like increased agriculture. Continued efforts are needed to mitigate these impacts and improve the lake's water quality.
Kearney
The document discusses phosphorus contamination in Lake Champlain and its environmental, economic, and social impacts. Lake Champlain is an important water body that supports wildlife habitat and recreation. Excess phosphorus from sources like agricultural and urban runoff is causing problems like algal blooms and decreased water quality. Solutions proposed include adopting watershed and ecosystem approaches, preventing pollution, education, and reducing phosphorus from urban and agricultural non-point sources like lawn and farm runoff.
Higgins
Phosphorus levels are too high in parts of Lake Champlain like Missisquoi Bay, causing harmful algal blooms nearly half the time. These blooms threaten wildlife and limit recreational use. Non-point sources contribute over 90% of excess phosphorus from fertilizers and developed land runoff. Solutions include regulating fertilizer ingredients, intercepting nutrients before they reach waterways, and increasing riparian buffers to filter runoff.
Haney
Phosphorus was first discovered in 1669 by Hennig Brandt by heating concentrated urine with sand. Phosphorus is a chemical element found in all living organisms and exists in multiple allotropic forms including white, red, and black phosphorus. White phosphorus is highly reactive and toxic, while red and black phosphorus are more stable. Phosphorus cycles through ecosystems and anthropogenic activities like agriculture can increase phosphorus levels in waterways, potentially causing harm. Farm operations with high animal concentrations are a major source of excess phosphorus runoff.
Davis
Reducing phosphorus runoff into Lake Champlain will require coordinated efforts from municipalities, industries, and individuals. Stricter regulations are needed for water treatment facilities and smaller farms to limit their runoff contributions. Incentive programs could encourage consumers to use low or no phosphorus products. Upgrades to drainage systems and installation of runoff catchment areas would help filter phosphorus before it reaches waterways. Protecting and restoring wetlands is also important for improving water quality in Lake Champlain.
Cogswell
Nonpoint sources like agriculture, roadway runoff, and developed land are now the largest contributors of phosphorus and nitrogen to Lake Champlain, contributing nearly 90% of these chemicals. A new comprehensive plan is needed to address this issue by educating the public, implementing tax incentives for sustainable practices, and creating regulations for agriculture to reduce runoff and limit phosphorus use in order to restore the health of Lake Champlain.
Caldwell
Phosphorus is a highly reactive, poisonous element that is essential to life. It exists in several forms and is mined commercially. Phosphorus is a key part of the fertilizer industry but mining levels may not be sustainable long term. Excess phosphorus from sources like fertilizer and livestock waste can pollute waterways and cause algae blooms if it enters streams and lakes. Maintaining buffer zones along water and limiting runoff can help reduce phosphorus pollution.
Brucki
Lake Champlain is located between Vermont and New York. Phosphorus is essential for plant growth but too much can cause algae blooms that deplete oxygen and kill aquatic life. Sources of phosphorus include fertilizer runoff, sewage, and atmospheric deposition. Efforts to reduce phosphorus include improved waste management, buffers between farmland and waterways, and public education by groups like the Lake Champlain Committee. Monitoring shows efforts have helped improve water quality.
Chamomile Botany
This document discusses two types of chamomile - German chamomile (Matricaria recutita) and Roman chamomile (Chamaemelum nobile). German chamomile is a cool-season annual native to Europe and Western Asia that grows 6-20 inches tall. It has aromatic, pinnately divided leaves and small yellow disc flowers with optional white ray flowers. Roman chamomile is an evergreen perennial native to Europe that grows 3-6 inches tall with a 12 inch spread. It has aromatic, pinnately divided leaves and 1 inch flowers with yellow discs and white or cream rays from June to September. Both plants prefer sunny locations and are propagated from seed or division.
Sustainability Initiative
Haywood Community College aims to promote sustainability through its operations and educational programs. It plans to develop its 300+ acre property and partner with public and private entities using sustainable practices. Educational programs will include sustainable site development, green construction, and landscape design. The college also captured a $135,845 grant to establish a biofuels program through its natural resources and sustainable development programs. The goal is to educate students and the community on sustainability issues and green technologies through various initiatives and partnerships.
Seeddistest1
There are four main methods of seed dispersal: wind dispersal (anemochory), water dispersal (hydrochory), animal dispersal (zoochory), and self-dispersal (autochory). Wind is the most effective method and wind-dispersed seeds are often the first to colonize deforested areas. Water dispersal involves seeds or fruits that float, while animal dispersal can occur through ingestion, external attachment, or collection. Self-dispersal uses exploding fruits or triggered mechanisms to scatter seeds.
Carbon Dioxide Injection
Carbon dioxide fertilization involves increasing carbon dioxide levels in greenhouses to improve plant growth and yields. Higher CO2 levels shift the activity of the enzyme rubisco to favor carbon fixation during photosynthesis. On average, yields increase 33% when CO2 is doubled. Commercial greenhouse operations commonly use natural gas, propane, or boiler flue gases to maintain CO2 levels between 1000 ppm for sunny conditions to 700 ppm for young plants or lower for cloudy days with more ventilation. Higher CO2 leads to increased sugar levels in fruits and vegetables, improving taste, growth rates, and time to flowering for some ornamental crops.
Carbon Dioxide Fertilization
Carbon dioxide fertilization involves enriching greenhouse atmospheres with additional CO2 to boost plant growth and crop yields. Higher CO2 levels shift the activity of the enzyme rubisco to favor carbon fixation, leading to an average 33% increase in yields with a doubling of CO2 concentration. Commercial greenhouse operations commonly maintain CO2 levels between 1000 ppm for sunny conditions to 700 ppm for young plants or cloudy days to maximize photosynthesis and growth while minimizing ventilation needs. In addition to increased yields, higher CO2 can improve fruit sugar content, reduce acid levels, and enhance taste, growth rates, and time to flowering for some ornamental crops.
Supplemental Lighting
Supplemental lighting is needed during winter months when natural light levels are suboptimal. This can cause crops to grow slowly, become thinner, and be prone to blindness. The main types of supplemental lighting are incandescent, fluorescent, and high-intensity discharge (HID) lamps. HID lamps like high-pressure sodium provide the best light spectrum and efficiency at around 25%, lasting for over 24,000 hours. Supplemental lighting above 40 degrees north latitude in the US and 50 degrees north in Europe is already common, and gaining popularity further south due to profitable winter crop production.
Light In The Greenhouse
The document discusses factors that affect the light intensity in greenhouses and how they impact photosynthesis. It notes that there is an optimal light intensity for photosynthesis that varies by species and growth stage. Both too much and too little light can lower the net photosynthesis rate. The document also outlines ways to maximize and reduce light intensity in greenhouses, such as greenhouse design, plant spacing, using shade cloth or paint, and geographic orientation.
Alt Crop Systems
The document discusses alternative cropping systems that utilize greenhouse concepts, including nutriculture, nutrient film technique (NFT), and rock wool culture. Nutriculture uses an inert substrate with no need for pasteurization, allowing for superior control over plant nutrition. NFT has become popular due to no need for pasteurization of the root substrate, potential for water and nutrient conservation, and easier automation. Rock wool culture uses horticultural grade rock wool as a growing medium, eliminating the need for pasteurization unless reused. Whole firm recirculation collects and treats all nutrient solution to be reused in a closed system.
Irrigation for the Greenhouse
This document discusses best practices for greenhouse irrigation. It notes that both under-watering and over-watering can harm plants, and that the optimal practice is to water properly based on plant needs. It also discusses factors like water quality, including measuring electrical conductivity and salt levels to avoid drought stress, as well as alkalinity, hardness, and the proper calcium to magnesium ratio. Finally, it briefly outlines different types of irrigation systems used in greenhouses.
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みなさんこんにちはこれ何文字まで入るの？40文字以下不可とか本当に意味わからないけどこれ限界文字数書いてないからマジでやばい文字数いけるんじゃないの？えこ...
みなさんこんにちはこれ何文字まで入るの？40文字以下不可とか本当に意味わからないけどこれ限界文字数書いてないからマジでやばい文字数いけるんじゃないの？えこ...
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Introduction of Cybersecurity with OSS at Code Europe 2024
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Deep Dive: AI-Powered Marketing to Get More Leads and Customers with HyperGro...
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National Security Agency - NSA mobile device best practices
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GraphRAG for Life Science to increase LLM accuracy
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Presentation of the OECD Artificial Intelligence Review of Germany
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Nordic Marketo Engage User Group_June 13_ 2024.pptx
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Best 20 SEO Techniques To Improve Website Visibility In SERP
Roots And Shoots
- 1. Plant Growth, Development, and Morphology: Roots and Shoots Friday, August 25 th - Read pages 34-43 in text. Buddy Tignor, Ph.D.
- 2. Overall Plant Structure Source: Raven, Evert, and Eichhorn. 1986. Biology of Plants. 4 th Ed. Worth Publishers, Inc.
- 3. More Examples: Source: Raven, Evert, and Eichhorn. 1986. Biology of Plants. 4 th Ed. Worth Publishers, Inc.
- 4. Final Example: Source: Raven, Evert, and Eichhorn. 1986. Biology of Plants. 4 th Ed. Worth Publishers, Inc.
- 7. Three Basic Types of Root Systems: Fibrous Taproot Storage Taproot Source: Raven, Evert, and Eichhorn. 1986. Biology of Plants. 4 th Ed. Worth Publishers, Inc. Smith. 2000.The Vegetable Gardener’s Bible. Storey Books. Pownal, VT.
- 10. Fleshy Roots:
- 11. Aerial Roots:
- 12. Roots with a support function:
- 13. Stems: Parker. 1998. Introduction to Plant Science. Delmar Publishers. New York.