A rain gauge is an instrument used by meteorologists and hydrologists to measure the amount of liquid precipitation over a set period of time, usually 24 hours. There are several types of rain gauges, including standard, tipping bucket, optical, and acoustic rain gauges. A standard rain gauge consists of a funnel emptying into a graduated cylinder to measure water height, while a tipping bucket gauge uses a see-saw container that electronically records each tip. Rain gauges are important for monitoring moisture levels and aiding activities like farming.

1. Rain gauge

2. What is a rain gauge?
 A rain gauge (also known as undometer, pulviometer or an
ombrometer) is a type of instrument used by meteorologists
hydrologists to gather and measure the amount of liquid
precipitation over a set period of time.

3. Purpose of rain gauge
 the purpose of rain gauge is simple to measure how much rain has fallen
in the last 24 hours.
 The gauge is re-set every 24 hours for accuracy and if rain fall exceeds
expectations a graph is plotted to measure how much rain should fall on
average for the following few days.

4. types of rain gauges
 standard rain gauge
 Tipping bucket rain gauge
 Optical rain gauge
 Acoustic rain gauge

5. Standard rain gauge
 Standard rain gauge consists of a funnel emptying into a
graduated cylinder,2cm in diameter, which fits inside a larger
container which is 20cm in diameter and 50cm tall
 When measurements are taken the height of the water in the small
graduated cylinder is measured.

6. Standard rain gauge

7. Tipping bucket rain gauge
 The tipping bucket rain gauge consists of a funnel that collects and channels the
precipitation into a small see-saw like container
 After a pre-set amount of precipitation falls, the lever tips, dumping the collected
water and sending an electrical signal
 Modern tipping (rg) consists of a plastic collector balanced over a pivot. When it tips
it actuates a switch, which is then electronically recorded or transmitted to a remote
collector station

8. Tipping bucket rain gauge

9. Optical rain gauge
 These have a row of collection funnels
 In an enclosed space below each is a layer diode and a photo transistor detector
,when enough water is collected to make a single drop it drops from the bottom,
falling into the laser beam path.
 The sensor is set at right angles to the laser so that enough light is scattered to be
detected as a sudden flash or light.
 The flash from the photo detector then read and transmitted or recorded

10. optical rain gauge

11. Acoustic rain gauge
 the acoustic disdrometer is also known as hydrophone, it is able to
sense the sound signatures for each drop size as rain strikes.
 Selected moments of the drop size distribution yield rainfall rate,
rainfall accumulation and other rainfall properties.

12. Acoustic rain gauge

13. Importance of rain gauge
 a rain gauge measures rain fall and other precipitation like heavy rains
dew and mist.
 It is important to know how much moisture and water is present in the
ground.
 This helps people like farmers and companies who sell food goods and
other users.

14. Why rg is made up of copper
 A rain gauge can be made up of many things but the use of copper
is advantageous as it fabricates easily and inexpensive.
 It is also resistant to corrosion.
 Copper is also poisonous to moulds and slimy things that might
want to grow on it.

15. facts about rain gauges
 They don’t work in hurricanes. No water will get collected in the cylinder
because of too strong winds.
 Most rain gauges are inaccurate because of winds.
 Rain gauges don’t work in certain temperature ranges because
precipitation gets freeze.
 Unit of rain gauge is mm(usually).

17. Any questions