This document discusses irrigation engineering and different irrigation methods. It defines irrigation engineering as the process of supplying water to crops artificially. The main methods discussed are surface irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, drip irrigation, and subsurface irrigation. Surface irrigation is the most common worldwide and includes flooding, furrow, and contour farming methods. Flooding involves allowing water to flow freely, furrow uses trenches between rows, and contour farming grows crops across slopes.

1. IRRIGATION ENGINEERING
By
SATHISHKUMAR G
(sathishsak111@gmail.com)

2. CONTENTS:
• WHAT IS IRRIGATION ENGINEERING
• DEFINITION
• METHODS OF IRRIGATION

3. WHAT IS IRRIGATION ENGINEERING:
• Water is required for agriculture.
• Sometimes this water requirement is fulfilled
by rain, but there are some dry areas where
irrigation is the only process by which water
is supplied to crops.

4. DEFINITION:
• Irrigation is defined as a process of supplying
water to crops artificially.

6. SURFACE IRRIGATION:
• Surface irrigation is defined as the group of
application techniques where water is applied
and distributed over the soil surface by
gravity.
• It is by far the most common form of
irrigation throughout the world and has been
practiced in many areas virtually unchanged
for thousands of years..

7. SURFACE IRRIGATION:

8. SPRINKLER IRRIGATION:
• Sprinkler irrigation is a method of applying
irrigation water which is similar to natural
rainfall.
• Water is distributed through a system of pipes
usually by pumping.
• It is then sprayed into the air through
sprinklers so that it breaks up into small water
drops which fall to the ground.

9. SPRINKLER IRRIGATION:

10. DRIP IRRIGATION:
• Drip irrigation is a technique in which water
flows through a filter into special drip pipes,
with emitters located at different spacing.
• Water is distributed through the emitters
directly into the soil near the roots through a
special slow-release device.

11. DRIP IRRIGATION:

12. SUBSURFACE IRRIGATION:
• Subsurface irrigation consists of methods
whereby irrigation water is applied below the
soil surface.
• The specific type of irrigation method varies
depending on the depth of the water table.
When the water table is well below the
surface, drip or trickle irrigation emission
devices can be buried below the soil surface
(usually within the plant root zone).

13. SUBSURFACE IRRIGATION:

14. SURFACE IRRIGATION:
• FLOODING METHOD
• FURROW METHOD
• CONTOUR FARMING

15. FLOODING METHOD:
• Some methods of flood control have been
practiced since ancient times.
• These methods include planting vegetation to
retain extra water, terracing hillsides to slow
flow downhill, and the construction of flood
ways (man-made channels to divert
floodwater).

16. FLOODING METHOD:

17. FURROW METHOD:
• Furrow irrigation is a type of surface
irrigation in which trenches or “furrows” are
dug between crop rows in a field.
• Farmers flow water down the furrows (often
using only gravity) and it seeps vertically and
horizontally to refill the soil reservoir.
• Flow to each furrow is individually
controlled.

19. CONTOUR FARMING:
• Contour farming is growing crops "on the
level" across or perpendicular to a slope rather
than up and down the slope.
• The rows running across the slope are
designed to be as level as possible to facilitate
tillage and planting operations on the
contour.

20. CONTOUR FARMING:

21. FLOODING METHOD:
• WILD FLOODING
• CONTROLED FLOODING

22. WILD FLOODING:
• Wild flooding is when water is allowed to flow
freely across farmland. It is a relatively cheap
form of irrigation, but uses water inefficiently
and some areas get more than others.

28. THANK YOU