The document proposes a Lunar Solar Power (LSP) system to collect solar power on the moon and transmit it to Earth via microwave beams. The system would consist of solar collectors on the moon's surface that convert sunlight to electricity and then microwave beams. These beams would be transmitted to rectennas on Earth which would convert the microwaves back to electricity for use. The LSP system could provide over 10 terawatts of clean, safe, and reliable solar power to Earth within 15 years as an alternative to current energy sources.

1. LUNAR SOLAR POWER
SYSTEM
Presented ToDr.Abhimanyu Mahapatra
Dr.Ranjan ku. Jena
Presented by :
Sweekriti Bal
0901106057
Electrical Branch
7th semester

2.  Introduction
 Need
to LSP
of LSP
 Solution
 Technical Aspects
 Explanation
 Demonstration of LSP base
 Transmission Types
 Advantages of LSP
 Summary
 Conclusion

3. •
Two concepts have been proposed for delivering
solar power to Earth from space
1>a huge satellite in geosynchronous orbit around
Earth could dependably gather solar power in
space.
2> In the second concept discussed here, solar
power would be collected on the moon.

4. 
EXISTING GLOBAL POWER SYSTEM
1 billion “rich” people use electric equivalent of ≥2
kWe/person
 5 billion “poor” people use ≤0.6 kWe/person
 Global power use is equivalent of
 ~220 million barrels of oil/day, or
 ~4.8 •1012 Watts-electric = 4.8 TWe
 Not renewable, are polluting, depend on politically sensitive
regions, or are too expensive for most people


NEEDED GLOBAL POWER SYSTEM
Now (≥2 kWe/person • 6 billion people) ≥ 12 TWe
 By 2050 10 billion prosperous people will need ≥ 20 TWe
 Power must be clean, safe, affordable, dependable, &
sustainable


5. 
SUN SENDS 13,000 TWs OF RELIABLE SOLAR POWER TO LUNAR SURFACE

Nuclear fusion reaction

BASES ON MOON CONVERT SOLAR POWER TO MICROWAVE BEAMS

BEAMS DELIVER POWER TO RECTENNAS
 Safe (<20% of sunlight)
 Reliable (through clouds, rain, smoke, etc.)

RECTENNAS ON EARTH
 Convert beams to electricity
 Deliver electricity to power grid

6. ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF A LPS:
>SUN
>MOON
>MICROWAVE POWER BEAM FROM A
POWER BEAM SOURCE(moon)
>MICROWAVE RECEIVER(rectenna)

7. 




The LPS essentially consists of four parts:
a huge solar collector, typically made up of
solar cells (triple junction gallium arsenide )
A microwave converter
a microwave antenna on moon, aimed at
Earth
an EARTH based ‘receiver antenna’ to
collect the power- called as rectenna

8.  AN
appropriate natural satellite is available for
the commercial development.
 Solar power is collected on the moon by solar
collectors which is then converted to microwave
beams by the bases on the lunar surface.
 Microwaves will deliver power to the rectennas.
 Unlike sunlight microwaves can penetrate
through rain, clouds, dust, and smoke.
 Rectennas which contain large field of small
rectifying antennas will then supply commercial
power to a given region.
 Rectennas can receive power 24hrs a day with
the help of relay satellites.

10. 
The waste products present in the lunar surface are
silicon, iron, TiO2, etc. These products can be used as raw
materials for solar cell fabrication. A special compound
called anorthite is used for extracting the above said
components

11. 
Solar cells collect sunlight, and buried
electrical wires carry the solar energy as
electric power to microwave generators

These devices convert the solar electricity to
microwaves of the correct phase and
amplitude and then send the microwaves to
screens that reflect microwave beams
toward Earth

12. 
Microwave generator – generates microwaves from solar
energy. Concept of LASER is applied to beam the
microwaves.

Frequencies above 6 GHz are subject to atmospheric
attenuation and absorption, while frequencies below 2
GHz require excessively large apertures for transmission
and reception. Efficient transmission requires the beam
have a Gaussian power density.

Transmission efficiency for Gaussian beams is related to
the aperture sizes of the transmitting and receiving
antennas: b ~ 1- exp (- 2) and = DtDr/ (4 R)

Research value– 2.45GHz.

13. A
rectenna is a reciever which would consist
of a large field of small rectifying antennas.
A
beam with a maximum intensity of less
than 20% of noontime sunlight would deliver
about 200 W to its local electric grid for
every square meter of rectenna area.
 Rectennas
can continuously provide 20 TW
of electric power, or 2 kW power per person,
required for a prosperous world of 10 billion
people in 2050.

14. 
It’s a fully segmented multi beam phased array radar
powered by solar energy

EARTH IS FIXED IN SKY

BASE IS COMPOSED OF POWER PLOTS

POWER PLOT - BASIC UNIT
#1 Solar arrays, buried wiring
 #2 Microwave transmitters
 #3 Reflectors form a large lens as seen from Earth


#1, 2, & 3 ARE MADE FROM LUNAR MATERIALS.

15. TWO typesi) direct transmission
ii) through relay satellites.
relay satellites may reflect the
beam or may receive the beam,
convert it in frequency and
phasing and then, transmit a new
beam to the rectenna. (multitransmission possible)
this enables the region around
each rectenna to receive power
24 hours a day.

16. 
ENERGY COST REDUCED BY 10 TO 100 TIMES

FAST GROWTH IN CAPACITY & PROFITS THROUGH
Exponential growth in the number of power plots by
manufacturing production equipment from lunar materials
 Beamed power that reduces space & lunar operational costs


DELIVERS NET NEW ENERGY TO EARTH

Enhances value of large international investments in
developing nations

17. 

ELECTRICITY FROM RECTENNAS
 Does not produce greenhouse gasses, fuel spills,
nuclides, dust, industrial wastes, etc.
 Eliminates need for hazardous facilities (nuclear, dams,
mines, etc.)
 Enables biosphere-independent power
 Enables remediation of environmental damage, recycling
of goods, and non-polluting services and transport
ENABLES PLANETARY PROTECTION
 Solar reflectors made from lunar materials adjust solar
flux onto Earth
 Specialized LSP beams gently deflect dangerous
asteroids & comets

18. 
CAN ENABLE SUSTAINABLE GLOBAL PROSPERITY

SUSTAINABILITY
> 1 billion years
 Can protect and nurture the biosphere


LSP CAN PROVIDE >10 TWe WITHIN 15 YEARS

19.  The
LUNAR SOLAR POWER (LSP) system will
establish a permanent two-planet economy
between the earth and the moon. The LSP
System is An alternative to supply earth's
needs for commercial energy without the
undesirable characteristics of current
options. The system can be built on the
moon from lunar materials and operated on
the moon and on Earth using existing
technologies.The energy beamed to Earth is
clean, safe, and reliable, and its source-the
sun-is virtually inexhaustible.