The document summarizes the distribution of electric power in the Indian railway system. It discusses how electric traction was introduced in 1881 using overhead lines. It provides statistics on electrification levels in various countries. It describes how feeders receive power from utilities and step it down for distribution. Diagrams show the arrangement at Sealdah station and how pantographs draw power from overhead lines. The main voltages used for electric traction in India are 1.5kV DC and 25kV AC. The conclusion emphasizes safety rules for crossing rail lines.

1. DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER IN
RAILWAY SYSTEM
BY
SURAJIT MONDAL
M-TECH
1ST YEAR, 1ST SEM
ROLL NO- 02
NARULA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

2. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I, student of Narula Institute Of Technology
(Nilgung Road Agarpara, Kolkata- 700109) would
like to pay my heart felt thanks to the Indian Railway
for providing an immense knowledge and cooperation. I would like to express my gratitude to Mr
Prof Amlan
Chakraborty (H.O.D) for helping me to prepare this
Seminar.

3. INTRODUCTION
Indian Railway is the world’s fourth largest
commercial, by number of employees with over 1.4
million employees. Railways were first introduced in
India in 1853. Indian Railways operates both long
distance and suburban rail systems on a multi-gauge
network of board meter and narrow gauges.
From 20th December 2010, the railways had
developed a 5 digit numbering system. This need is
required because IR runs 10,000 trains daily.

4. Electric Traction - 1881
After many decades of satisfactory performance, the steam
engines were to give way to more modern locomotives.
The year 1881 saw the birth of the first electric Railway run
by a German Engineer Werner Van Siemens using both the
rails to carry the current. Finding this a little too dangerous,
Siemens soon adopted the overhead electric wires.
Electric locomotives today raun on Rail roads in many
countries.

5. World Railways - Status of
Electrification
Railway
Percentage
Electrified
U.S.A.
0.9%
Canada
0.1%
Australia
9.6%
China
15.6%
France
44%
India (BG)
44%
Italy
59%
Sweden
59%
Austria
59%
Amtrack (USA) 100%
Source : Rail Business Report, 1999

6. FEEDER
The feeders that receives the power from CESC,
and the power is step down with the help of
step down transformer and then supplied to
various colonies, piller box, etc. This process is
shown with the help of above connection
diagram.
6kv from CESC goes to HT OCB 400A with the
help of HT busbar 400A is divided into two 200A
and sent to two transformer each of 250 kVA
then sent to various parts.

7. AT SEALDAH
STATION
The above
connection
shows the 6KV
distribution
arrangement
in sealdah
station

8. The incoming feeder is shown in the diagram that takes
the power from CESC after that the power is step down
and sent to distributer shown below.

10. TRACTION MOTOR
• In OHE, or overhead electrification systems, the supply of electricity is
through an overhead system of suspended cables known as the catenary.
• The loco uses a pantograph, a metal structure which can be raised or lowered,
to make contact with the overhead contact cable and draw electricity from it to
power its motors. (Usually it goes first through a transformer and not directly
to the motors.) The pantograph has one or two blades, shoes or collector pans
that actually slide against the contact wire.
• The pantograph structure may be in the form of a single arm — a single open
bent angle (‘>’) — or in a diamond (rhombus) form (‘<>’). (Other types are not
generally used on IR.) The diamond form was more common for the DC locos.
• The single arm types are generally oriented with the bend of the pantograph
pointing forwards (in the direction of motion) .

11. THE DIAGRAM
SHOWS HOW
PANTOGRAPH
DRAWS POWER
FROM OVERHEAD
LINES
PANTOGRAPH

12. VOLTAGE USED FOR ELECTRIC TRACTION IN INDIA
• Voltages used are 1.5Kv DC and 25Kv AC for mainline trains.
• The 1.5Kv DC overhead system (negative earth, positive catenary)
is used around Bombay (This includes Mumbai CST – Kalyan, Kalyan
– Pune, Kalyan – Igatpuri, Mumbai CST – Belapur – Panvel, and
Churchgate – Virar).
• The Calcutta Metro uses 750V DC traction with a third-rail
mechanism for delivering the electricity to the EMUs.
• The Calcutta trams use 550V DC with an overhead catenary system
with underground return conductors. The catenary is at a negative
potential.

14. RAILWAY TRACK
TOTAL FLOW OF POWER IN THE TRACKS AND NEUTRAL
THROUGH RAILS.

15. CONCLUSION
The main objective of Indian railway is to work as one team, to
work with one dream is to improve the Indian railway, to go ahead
towards the final destination with zero failure in the
infrastructure.
We should always maintain the rules to avoid accidents like as:(1)
Always use the over bridge while crossing the station.
(2)
Do not use cell phones while crossing the rail lines.
(3)
Do not use head phones or listening music while crossing
the rail lines.
(4)
Do not stand near the door of compartment while train is in
motion.
(5)
Do not pull the emergency chain until it is actually
required.