The document discusses the quality and value of information in management information systems, emphasizing that effective decision-making relies on dimensions such as utility, satisfaction, error, and bias. It also covers the concept of information overload, which occurs when the volume of input exceeds processing capacity, leading to negative consequences like stress and delayed decision-making. Finally, it suggests strategies to manage information overload, including focusing on essential sources, summarizing data, filtering messages, drawing inferences, and routing information effectively.

1. Management Information Systems
Quality and Value of Information
Information Overload
Prepared By:
Mohammed Jasir PV
Asst. Professor
NBS, Koratty
Contact: 9605 69 32 66

2. Quality and value of information

3. Quality and Value of information
• The quality and value of information can be described as
how it contributes for effective decision making
• The quality of information is high, if it creates managerial
impact leading to attention, decision and action

4. Value of Information
• Timeliness
• Presentation
• Accuracy
• Completeness
• Integrity

5. The quality of information can be measured on the four dimensions
• Utility
• Satisfaction
• Error
• Bias

6. 1)The utility Dimension
• The utility dimension has four components namely the form, the time, the
access and the procession
• If the information is presented in the form of manager requires, then its
utility increases
• If it is available(time) when needed, the utility is optimized
• If the information is easily and quickly accessible through the online
access system, its utility gets an additional boost
• If the information is processed by the manager who needs it, then its
utility is the highest.

7. 2) Satisfaction Dimension
• The degree of satisfaction would determine the quality of
the information
• If the organization has a high degree of satisfaction, then
one can be safe in saying that information systems are
designed properly to meet the information needs of the
managers at all the levels

8. 2) Error Dimension
The error creep in on account of various reasons, namely:
• An incorrect data measurement
• An incorrect collection method
• Failure to follow the prescribed data processing procedure
• Loss of data or incomplete data
• Poor application of data validation and control systems
• A deliberate falsification
• The data should be avoided of errors, care should be taken that the information
is processed after ensuring the correctness of the data in terms of time and the
number of document, and the transactions in the period

9. 4) Bias Dimension
• The procedure of communicating the information should be such that
the system is able to detect the degree and the nature of the bias and
correct the information accordingly

10. Information Overload

11. Information Overload
• It is a term popularized by Alvin Toffler
• Information overload occurs when the
amount of input to a system exceeds its
processing capacity
• It is simply the inability to digest and apply
all of the information provided
• It results in anxiety and stress, delay in
decision making, lack of job satisfaction,
waste of time and working longer hours

13. Information Overload
• It refers to difficulty of a person can have understanding an issue and
making decisions that can they caused by the presence of too much
information
• It is a situation where a manager is given too much information and as a
result his is confused and cannot make optimal decisions
• Information overload occurs when the amount of input to a system exceeds
its processing capacity

14. Causes of Information Overload
Too much
information
Difficult to manage
information
Irrelevance or
unimportance of
information
Multiple sources of
information
Lack of time to
understand
information
Information
Overload

15. Causes of Information Overload
• Increasing new information
• Duplication and transmission
• Increase channels of incoming information
(e.g. telephone, e-mail, instant messaging)
• Historical information
• Contradictions and inaccuracies
• A low signal-to-noise ratio
• A lack of comparing and processing

16. Causes of Information Overload
• A rapidly increasing rate of new information
• The ease of duplication and transmission of data across the Internet
• An increase in the available channels of incoming information (e.g.
telephone, e-mail, instant messaging)
• Large amounts of historical information to dig through
• Contradictions and inaccuracies in available information
• A low signal-to-noise ratio
• A lack of a method for comparing and processing different kinds of
information

17. Tips to solve information overload problem
1. Focus and specialize in one thing
2. Take Control
3. Follow only valuable sources
4. Unsubscribe from most of the unwanted subscription
5. Organize the time

18. Techniques of Managing Overload
1. Data summarizing
2. Message modification or filtering
3. Inferences
4. Message routing

19. Data Summarizing
• Reduction of data to a meaningful and
concise form
• Summarization reduces the amount of
data transmission with out changing the
essential meanings of the original
message

20. Data Summarizing
• Reduction of data to a meaningful and concise
form
• Summarization is a commonly used method of
data reduction and it refers to the reduction of
data to a meaningful and concise form
• Summarization reduces the amount of data
transmission with out changing the essential
meanings of the original message

22. 2. Message modification or filtering
• It refers to the removal of unwanted and irrelevant data so as to
make the information more useful to the recipient
• Under this method the meaning of the message is altered before
it is transmitted
• In order to prevent information overload, the data can be
reduced to a manageable size through the process of filtering

24. 3. Inferences
• Process of reaching a conclusion based on facts or evidence
• “Conclusion based on facts“
• “This must be either a new pencil or one which has not been used a lot”
“a long pencil with an eraser”
• “This must be either an old pencil or one which has been used for a long period”
“a small pencil without an eraser”

26. “The boy is crying”
“The boy is hurt in knee”
The boy must have fallen

27. 3. Inferences
• Process of reaching a conclusion based on facts or
evidence
• Inferences are drawn form a large volume of data and
these inferences are transmitted or communicated in the
organization instead of original data
• This process reduces the volume of data considerably
• Inferences may be based on quantitative data such as
statistical inference or may be more subjective
• The quality of inference depends on the ability and skill
of the person who makes the inference
The boy is crying
The boy is hurt in knee
The boy must have fallen

28. 4. Message Routing
• The message should be distributed to only those persons
or departments which really require information to
make decision or initiate an action

29. 4. Message Routing
• The message should be distributed to only those
persons or departments which really require
information to make decision or initiate an action
Eg: Copies of purchase order should be sent to
production, distribution and billing sections because
these departments have to take direct action based
on this order.
The copy of purchase order need not be sent to
marketing department since they do not require
information containing in the order

30. THANK YOU