The document discusses the evolution of management information systems (MIS). It describes how MIS have developed from early office automation systems used to support clerical workers, to modern systems that provide computer-based support for complex decision making. The key components of an information system are outlined as hardware, software, databases, networks, and human resources. Transaction processing systems record daily transactions, while management information systems guide tactical decisions and decision support systems aid strategic decision making by top managers.

1. Management Information Systems
Evolution of MIS
Prepared By:
Mohammed Jasir PV
Asst. Professor
NBS, Koratty
Contact: 9605 69 32 66

2. Topics
• Evolution of MIS: Concepts; framework for
understanding and designing MIS in an organisation

3. Management Information System
Management is the
art of getting things
done through and
with the people in
formally organised
groups
Management
• Planning
• Organizing
• Staffing
• Directing
• Controlling
Functions
Definition Levels

4. Management Information System
Information
Data is the future !!
What is needed is information,
not mass of data !!
What ever the information is,
timeliness is matter !!
1-212-290-490
Tel +1-1-212-290-490

5. Information
• The data which has been converted to meaningful and useful form
• Information means “The Processed Data”

6. Information
Yes, No, Yes, Yes, Yes, Yes, No, No, Yes, Yes
Response to the market research question-
“Would you buy brand X at Rs. 10?
?
Raw Data
Context
Processing !!!
Data is like raw material & Information is like finished goods
which having a value

7. Management Information System
System
A set of
components
that work
together to
achieve a
common goal
Definition Components
Processing
Feedback / Control
Input Output
Boundaries
Environment

8. System
 A set of components that work together to achieve a common goal
 Systems can be viewed as process models in terms of their inputs,
outputs, processing, and feedback/control mechanisms
 Derived from Greek word 'Systema’ - means an organised
relationship among functional units or components
Processing
Input Output

9. Involves capturing and
assembling elements
that enter the system
to be processed
Involves transformation
processes that convert
input into output
Involves transferring
elements that have been
produced to the ultimate
destination

11. Information System - Definition
A combination of
Hardware
Software
Infrastructure and
Trained personnel
Organised to facilitate
Planning
Control
Coordination and
Decision Making
In an organisation

12. Information System
• Its an organized combination of people, h/w, s/w, communication
networks and data resources that collects, transforms & disseminate
information in an organization
• An information system and MIS (IS) - or application landscape - is any
combination of information technology and people's activities that
support operations, management and decision making

13. What is an Information System?
• Information system is defined as a collection of elements that capture
data and convert it in information and disseminate to the decision-makers
in an organization
• Management information system is a system consisting of people,
machines, procedures, databases and data models, as its elements. The
system gathers data from the internal and external sources of an
organisation

14. Information System –
Components

15. Components of Information System
• Data
• Hardware
• Software
• Network
• People
• Database
• System Software
• Application Software

16. 1. Hardware: Physical equipment used for input, output and processing. What
hardware to use it depends upon the type and size of the organisation. It consists
of input, an output device, operating system, processor, and media devices. This
also includes computer peripheral devices.
2. Software: The programs/ application program used to control and coordinate
the hardware components. It is used for analysing and processing of the data.
These programs include a set of instruction used for processing information.
Software is further classified into 3 types:
System Software
Application Software
Procedures

17. 3. Databases
• Data are the raw facts and figures that are unorganised that are and later
processed to generate information. Softwares are used for organising and serving
data to the user, managing physical storage of media and virtual resources. As the
hardware can’t work without software the same as software needs data for
processing. Data are managed using Database management system.
Database software is used for efficient access for required data, and to manage
knowledge bases.

18. 4. Network:
• Networks resources refer to the telecommunication networks like the intranet,
extranet and the internet.
• These resources facilitate the flow of information in the organisation.
• Networks consists of both the physicals devises such as networks cards, routers,
hubs and cables and software such as operating systems, web servers, data
servers and application servers.
• Telecommunications networks consist of computers, communications processors,
and other devices interconnected by communications media and controlled by
software.
• Networks include communication media, and Network Support.

19. 5. Human Resources:
• It is associated with the manpower required to run and manage the system.
People are the end user of the information system, end-user use information
produced for their own purpose, the main purpose of the information system is
to benefit the end user. The end user can be accountants, engineers,
salespersons, customers, clerks, or managers etc. People are also responsible to
develop and operate information systems. They include systems analysts,
computer operators, programmers, and other clerical IS personnel, and
managerial techniques.

20. Subsystems of an information system
• Data Repository: This is a subsystem which is at the core of any information
system. These structures are arranged in a way that helps in faster storage and
retrieval of data with adequate security.
• User Interface: This subsystem handles the interaction of the system with
the user and hence it has to manage issues related to the display of data on an
output medium.
• Network: This subsystem ensures communication between the different entities
of an information system.
• Computer Hardware: An IT infrastructure is needed in an effective manner.

21. Subsystems of an information system
• System Software : Some basic software is required for the efficient
functioning of information system
• Input/Output: I/O must be user independent
• Business rule (process): This is a set rules which governs how a system
should function to imitate the real business process
• Algorithm / program / application software: This is the actual invisible
component, which integrates all the components. The logic is defined
in the program

22. An Information System Framework

23. Evolution of Information System

24. Evolution of Information System
• Office Automation Systems (OASs) : such as word processing
systems were developed to support office and clerical
workers
• Management Information Systems (MISs): these systems
access, organize, summarize and display information for
supporting routine decision making in the functional areas
• Decision Support Systems (DSS) : were developed to provide
computer based support for complex, non-routine decision
• End - user computing: The use or development of
information systems by the principal users of the systems’
outputs, such as analysts, managers, and other professionals

25. Structure of MIS

26. Sources of MIS

27. Types of Information System

29. Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)
• This type of information system is used to record the day to day transactions of
a business. An example of a Transaction Processing System is a Point of Sale
(POS) system. A POS system is used to record the daily sales.
Management Information Systems (MIS)
• Management Information Systems abbreviated as MIS, are used to guide tactic
managers to make semi-structured decisions. The output from the transaction
processing system is used as input to the MIS system
Decision Support Systems (DSS)
• Decision support systems are used by top level managers to make semi-
structured decisions. The output from the Management Information System is
used as input to the decision support system.DSS systems also get data input
from external sources such as current market forces, competition, etc.

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