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Decimal Expansion Of Rational numbers
Euclid’s Division Algorithm
Fundamental Theorem Of Arithmetic
2
Q) Prove that √7 is irrational.
Let’s say that √7 is actually a rational number.
Since √7 is a rational number we can express √7 as
√7 =
𝐚
𝐛
where a & b belong to integers and have no common factor
other than 1 and b ≠ 0.
So , since √7 =
𝐚
𝐛
Squaring on both the sides we get,
7 =
𝐚 𝟐
𝐛 𝟐
Or, 7b2 = a2 ------------------------------ (1)
Chapter : Real Numbers Website: www.letstute.com
⇒ a2 is divisible by 7. (∵7b2 is divisible by 7)
⇒a is divisible by 7. (∵7 is prime & divides a2, ∴7 divides a)
⇒ Let, a = 7 c ( where c is some integer)
Substituting a = 7c in (1), we get
7b2 = (7c)2
7b2 = 49 c2
b2 = 7 c2
⇒ b2 is divisible by 7. (∵ 7 c2 is divisible by 7)
⇒ b is divisible by 7. (∵7 is prime & divides b2, 7 divides b)
a and b are divisible by 7.
Chapter : Real Numbers Website: www.letstute.com
⇒ 7 is a common factor of a and b, but this contradicts the fact
that a and b have no common factor other than 1.
This contradiction has arisen because of our incorrect
assumption that √7 is rational.
Hence, √7 is an irrational number.
Chapter : Real Numbers Website: www.letstute.com
Chapter : Real Numbers Website: www.letstute.com
 IF ‘p’ (PRIME NUMBER) DIVIDES ‘𝐚 𝟐
’ THEN ‘p’ DIVIDES ‘a’ WHERE
‘a’ IS POSITIVE INTEGER.
 RATIONAL NUMBER + RATIONAL NUMBER = RATIONAL NUMBER.
 RATIONAL NUMBER − RATIONAL NUMBER = RATIONAL NUMBER.

𝐑𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐀𝐋 𝐍𝐔𝐌𝐁𝐄𝐑
𝐑𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐀𝐋 𝐍𝐔𝐌𝐁𝐄𝐑
= MAY OR MAY NOT BE A RATIONAL NUMBER.
 ALWAYS TRY TO PROVE THESE TYPES OF PROBLEMS BY
THE CONTRADICTION METHOD.
 APPLY THE DEFINATION OF RATIONAL NUMBERS.
Please visit www.letstute.com to
take a test.
Chapter : Real Numbers Website: www.letstute.com
Real Numbers - Proofs based on irrational numbers for Class 10th maths.

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Real Numbers - Proofs based on irrational numbers for Class 10th maths.

  • 1. Decimal Expansion Of Rational numbers Euclid’s Division Algorithm Fundamental Theorem Of Arithmetic
  • 2. 2
  • 3. Q) Prove that √7 is irrational. Let’s say that √7 is actually a rational number. Since √7 is a rational number we can express √7 as √7 = 𝐚 𝐛 where a & b belong to integers and have no common factor other than 1 and b ≠ 0. So , since √7 = 𝐚 𝐛 Squaring on both the sides we get, 7 = 𝐚 𝟐 𝐛 𝟐 Or, 7b2 = a2 ------------------------------ (1) Chapter : Real Numbers Website: www.letstute.com
  • 4. ⇒ a2 is divisible by 7. (∵7b2 is divisible by 7) ⇒a is divisible by 7. (∵7 is prime & divides a2, ∴7 divides a) ⇒ Let, a = 7 c ( where c is some integer) Substituting a = 7c in (1), we get 7b2 = (7c)2 7b2 = 49 c2 b2 = 7 c2 ⇒ b2 is divisible by 7. (∵ 7 c2 is divisible by 7) ⇒ b is divisible by 7. (∵7 is prime & divides b2, 7 divides b) a and b are divisible by 7. Chapter : Real Numbers Website: www.letstute.com
  • 5. ⇒ 7 is a common factor of a and b, but this contradicts the fact that a and b have no common factor other than 1. This contradiction has arisen because of our incorrect assumption that √7 is rational. Hence, √7 is an irrational number. Chapter : Real Numbers Website: www.letstute.com
  • 6. Chapter : Real Numbers Website: www.letstute.com  IF ‘p’ (PRIME NUMBER) DIVIDES ‘𝐚 𝟐 ’ THEN ‘p’ DIVIDES ‘a’ WHERE ‘a’ IS POSITIVE INTEGER.  RATIONAL NUMBER + RATIONAL NUMBER = RATIONAL NUMBER.  RATIONAL NUMBER − RATIONAL NUMBER = RATIONAL NUMBER.  𝐑𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐀𝐋 𝐍𝐔𝐌𝐁𝐄𝐑 𝐑𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐀𝐋 𝐍𝐔𝐌𝐁𝐄𝐑 = MAY OR MAY NOT BE A RATIONAL NUMBER.
  • 7.  ALWAYS TRY TO PROVE THESE TYPES OF PROBLEMS BY THE CONTRADICTION METHOD.  APPLY THE DEFINATION OF RATIONAL NUMBERS.
  • 8. Please visit www.letstute.com to take a test. Chapter : Real Numbers Website: www.letstute.com