This document discusses predator-prey interactions in nature. It explains that this is a natural process where prey evolve defenses to avoid predators while predators evolve ways to exploit prey. Prey avoidance methods include camouflage, defenses, mimicry, speed, living in groups, and size. Predators exploit prey through camouflage, patience, speed, senses, and group hunting. There are two types of hunting: ambush and active. Studies have shown predators both do and do not control prey populations, and a simulation could help understand these dynamics.

1. Predator/Prey InteractionsByCarla Bridges

2. Indiana Standard6.4.9 Recognize and explain that two types of organisms may interact in a competitive or cooperative relationship, such as producer/consumer, predator/prey, or parasite/host.

3. Natural ProcessThis is a natural process that occurs in nature to balance species.Co-evolution- occurs when you have 2 or more species evolving with each otherPrey can evolve in ways to help them avoid the predators.Any improvement one makes, the other must adapt.

4. How Prey Avoid PredatorsAvoidanceCrypsis-blend into surroundingsDefenses- poisons/taste bad/defense mechanism such as shells, sharp teeth/clawsMimicry- look like a species they would avoid (poisonous snakes)SensesSpeedStaminaLiving in groupsSize ( small or large)

5. How Predators Exploit PreyCrypsisPatience- willing to stay in one spot and waitTolerance for toxic defensesSpeedSensesLarge sizeStamniaGroup hunting

6. Two Types of HuntingAmbush- find one spot and wait (rattlesnakes)Active hunting- constantly move to encounter as many as possibleSuccess rate is low Group hunting increases success rateDogs vs. cats?

7. Most Successful HuntersWild African DogAbility to pick prey while huntingLarge CatsPick prey before they begin to hunt, if that is not successful they quit the hunt

8. Do Predators Control Prey Population?31 Studies Say Yes27 Studies Say No

9. Predator/Prey SimulationWhat do you think?

10. Resourceshttp://dictionary.reference.com/http://dc.doe.in.gov/Standards/AcademicStandards/StandardSearch.aspxDr. James BandoliUSI Evansville, IN