This document discusses predator-prey relationships through three examples. It defines predators as organisms that eat other organisms called prey. Lions hunt in prides and prey on antelopes, zebras and wildebeest. Tsavo lions stampede water buffalo into water to attack the young and weak. Scavengers like vultures, though not direct killers, still rely on the populations of animals lions prey upon. The relationship between predators and prey is interconnected, with increases or decreases in one affecting the other.

1. PREDATOR AND PREY
RELATIONSHIP
BASIT NAWAZ

2. PREDATOR AND PREY RELATIONSHIP
• PREDATOR-PREY RELATIONS REFER TO THE
INTERACTIONS BETWEEN TWO SPECIES WHERE ONE
SPECIES IS THE HUNTED FOOD SOURCE FOR THE
OTHER.
• A PREDATOR IS AN ORGANISM THAT EATS
ANOTHER ORGANISM
• PREY IS AN ANIMAL THAT IS KILLED AND EATEN BY
OTHER ANIMALS.

3. EXAMPLES
Conventional predator:
Lions are the only big cats to live in family units called prides. Other big cats live solitary lives,
except when breeding or raising cubs. A lion pride may include up to three males, a dozen females,
and their young. Lionesses are the primary hunters, while dominant males are responsible for
protecting the pride's territory. Lion prey includes antelopes, zebras, wildebeest, buffalo, and other
grassland animals. These animals are often larger and faster than an individual lion. By hunting
together, lions are able to exhaust and kill their prey.

4. EXAMPLES
Cont…….
Tsaro lions are called swamp cats. They hunt water buffalo by
stampeding them into the water where they can attack and kill
the young or weak members of the herd. After the initial
stampede, the lions herd the buffalo through the water and
relentlessly pursue them for hours at a time. Each attack
weakens the herd, resulting in a feast for the Tsaro pride.

5. EXAMPLES
Nonconventional predator:
• Besides the conventional predators, many organisms fit the definition of
predator outside of the typical boundaries.
• Scavengers, as a type of predator, have a predator prey relationship with each of
the species that they feed on. For instance, a scavenger like a vulture is affected
when the population of water buffalo falls. With less buffalo, the lions die off
and make less kills, and then the vulture itself is affected.
• While this may be a lopsided predator prey relationship because the vulture
doesn’t directly kill the buffalo, it is still affected by the population of buffalo.

6. ADAPTIONS OF PREDATORS AND PREY
Predators Reason Prey Reason
Sharp Teeth Grip prey Large Ears Hear Predators
Good Eyesight See Prey Travel in Herds Less Chance of Being
Caught
Fast Runner Catch Prey May Hide in Burrows Difficult to Find
May Hunts in Packs Better Chance of Catch Camouflage Hard to See
Sharp claws or Beak Hold Prey Good Sense of Smell Smells Predator
Forward facing Eyes See Prey Well Eyes Facing Sideways See Predator

7. RELATIONSHIP
An increase in the
predator
population causes
a decline in prey
population.
A decrease in the
prey population
causes a decrease
in the predator
population.
A decrease in the
predator
population allows
an increase in
prey population.
An increase in the
prey population
allows an increase
in the predator
population.

8. THANKS