Phase equilibrium

3. PresentationPresentation
onon
PHASEPHASE
EQUILIBRIUMEQUILIBRIUM

4. CreatedCreated
By:By:
Md. Kamruzzaman Siam

5. EquilibriumEquilibrium
EquilibriumEquilibrium is a state in which there are nois a state in which there are no
observable changes as time goes by.observable changes as time goes by.
Chemical equilibriumChemical equilibrium is achieved when:is achieved when:
1.) the rates of the forward and reverse1.) the rates of the forward and reverse
reactions are equal andreactions are equal and
2.) the concentrations of the reactants2.) the concentrations of the reactants
and products remain constantand products remain constant

6. EquilibriumEquilibrium
 There are two types of equilibrium:There are two types of equilibrium:
Physical and Chemical.Physical and Chemical.
 Physical Equilibrium:Physical Equilibrium: Equilibrium between twoEquilibrium between two
phases of the same substance. Changes that occur arephases of the same substance. Changes that occur are
physical.physical.
 Chemical Equilibrium:Chemical Equilibrium: Chemical equilibrium isChemical equilibrium is
the point at which the rate of the forward reaction isthe point at which the rate of the forward reaction is
equal to the rate of the reverse reaction.equal to the rate of the reverse reaction.

7. Physical EquilibriumPhysical Equilibrium

8. Chemical EquilibriumChemical Equilibrium

9. Definition of phase:
 Any part of a system which is physically separatedAny part of a system which is physically separated
from other parts of the system by afrom other parts of the system by a distinctdistinct boundaryboundary..
 A phase can be a solid, liquid, vapour (gas) or aqueousA phase can be a solid, liquid, vapour (gas) or aqueous
solution which issolution which is uniform in bothuniform in both chemical constitutionchemical constitution
and physical stateand physical state..

10. Phase Equilibrium:Phase Equilibrium:
A phase equilibrium is a balance between phases, that is
the coexistence of two or more phases in a state of dynamic
equilibrium.

11. Heterogeneous system ---- system with more than one phaseHeterogeneous system ---- system with more than one phase
Homogeneous system ---- system consists of one phase onlyHomogeneous system ---- system consists of one phase only
Example of Phase Equilibrium:

12. Homogeneous:Homogeneous:
The prefix “homo” – indicate sameness
Homogeneous – A homogeneous mixture
has the same uniform appearance
throughout

13. HeterogeneousHeterogeneous::
The prefix “hetero” – indicate difference
Heterogeneous - A heterogeneous mixture
consists of visibly different substances or
phases.

14. PHASE
system
1) The mixture of ice and water = have two
phase which is solid and liquid
2) The mixture of oxygen gas and nitrogen
gas = have one phase which is gas
phase (the system is homogen)
3) The mixture of oil and water = have 2
same phase(liquid). Oil and water are not
homogen and have the boundaries to
separate both phase
4) CaCO3(s) CaO(s) + CO2(g)
= 3 phase (2 solid,1 gas)
Heterogeneous system
Heterogeneous system
Heterogeneous system
Homogeneous system
EXAMPLES
of