The number of patients with implantable devices continues to grow. There are important aspects and difficulties in the perioperative management of these patients.
Malignant Hyperthermia - Essential Charactistics:
>An inherited disorder of skeletal muscle triggered in susceptibles (human or animal) in most instances by inhalation agents and/or succinylcholine, resulting in hypermetabolism, skeletal muscle damage, hyperthermia, and death if untreated.
>Underlying physiologic mechanism – abnormal handling of intracellular calcium levels.
A patient with pacemaker presents a complex challenge to the attending anaesthesiologist. The mode of management will be according to the type of pacemaker implanted. This presentation discusses in brief the peri-operative consideration in a patient with pacemaker.
Electrical cardiac pacing for the management of bradyarrhythmias
was first described in 1952, and permanent transvenous pacing
devices were introduced into clinical practice in the early 1960s.
With advances in cardiology and cardiothoracic surgery, several newer implantable cardiac devices have become common in the surgical population. Multichamber pacemakers, implanted cardiac defibrillators and ventricular assist devices are frequent in current day practice. Many of the newer implantable cardiac electronic devices are targeted at managing heart failure. While managing such patients for non-cardiac surgeries, specific issues related to equipment characteristics and troubleshooting should be a priority for the anaesthesiologists. There is a possibility of malfunction of the devices resulting in catastrophic outcomes. Therefore, it is imperative to understand the pathophysiology, device characteristics and troubleshooting before embarking on anaesthetising patients with implantable cardiac electronic devices
High Frequency Low Tidal Volume Ventilation during AF ablationJose Osorio
High Frequency Low Tidal Volume ventilation during ablation of Afib can significantly improve catheter stability.
After concluding a single center experience, we implemented the technique in a large multi center network, with significant improvements in procedural time while maintaining safety outcomes.
Fluoroscopic reduction in a fib ablation - Ready for Prime Time?Jose Osorio
My journey with fluoroscopy reduction in AF ablation started back in 2010. ICE has been an integral part of the safe elimination of fluoroscopy for most of our procedures.
Over the past several years, we have shown that these techniques are safe, effective and can be performed efficiently. We have taught many electrophysiologists who have been able to replicate these results.
Quality Improvement in an AF Ablation ProgramJose Osorio
Atrial fibrillation ablation is an important treatment options for patients with AF. The number of AF ablations continue to rise annually but there is a limited number of Electrophysiology Laboratories and doctors. With the increasing prevalence of Afib, many institutions are finding bottlenecks with the increase volume.
We propose that a quality improvement initiative is the ideal way to improve efficiency, outcomes and safety of AF ablations with the end results being more patients treated with good results.
Standardizing Care and Increasing Efficiency in an Atrial Fibrillation ProgramJose Osorio
As the number of patients with afib continue to increase in the US, there is a growing need for Afib ablations. With a limited number of EP labs and doctors, each hospital will have to find safe ways to increase their number of procedures to meet the demand.
Our experience shows that by standardizing care and following guidelines and internal protocols, AF ablation programs can increase safety and efficacy while improving efficiency.
The Evolution of Atrial Fibrillation Ablation: Utilizing Current Technology ...Jose Osorio
The treatment of atrial fibrillation is rapidly evolving. Grandview Medical Center in Birmingham Alabama has a comprehensive afib center. We have extensive experience in the treatment and ablation of atrial fibrillation. Our experience was presented at the Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society Meeting - APHRS, in Tokyo.
Our workflow has led to significant improvements in success rates while procedure times were reduced. More importantly we have maintained very good safety profile.
Introduction to Electrophysiology - Ventricular Arrhtyhmias and Cardiac Devic...Jose Osorio
What is cardiac Electrophysiology?
This presentation will cover basics of EP. It is Part 2 of 4 lectures about EP.
Part 1 - basics of EP and Supraventricular Tachycardias (SVT)
Part 2 - Ventricular arrhythmias and Cardiac Devices
Part 3 - Afib
Part 4 - EKG
Introduction to Electrophysiology - Supraventricular Tachycardias (1/4 lectures)Jose Osorio
What is cardiac Electrophysiology?
This presentation will cover basics of EP. It is Part 1 of 4 lectures about EP.
Part 1 - basics of EP and Supraventricular Tachycardias (SVT)
Part 2 - Ventricular arrhythmias and Cardiac Devices
Part 3 - Afib
Part 4 - EKG
Atrial fibrillation (afib) is one of the main causes of strokes in the US. New treatment options are available - both medical therapy (such as new blood thinners) and procedures (watchman left atrial appendage closure).
Atrial fibrillation (afib) is a heart rhythm disorder (arrhythmia). It increases your risk of having a stroke and can affect your quality of life. There are many treatment options for patients with atrial fibrillation (afib).
In order to decrease the burden of the symptoms from afib, we can use medications or procedures - catheter ablation.
Patients with afib have a 5 fold higher risk of having a stroke. Traditionally blood thinners are used to decrease that risk. A new option available as an alternative to blood thinners is the Watchman left atrial appendage closure device.
Atrial fibrillation (or afib) is a common heart rhythm disorder. It can cause many symptoms, such as fatigue or palpitations, and also increase your risk of having a stroke.
There are many treatment options for patients with afib. Patients need to have treatment to reduce their risk of stroke and to decrease the symptoms.
History of ICDs (Internal Cardiac Defibrillators)Jose Osorio
ICDs have been available since the 80s for the prevention of sudden cardiac death. The advancements are quite amazing, with a reduction in size from >250cc to less than 40cc, ease of implantation, safety and longevity.
Atrial Fibrillation - From Diagnosis to Treatment - St Vincent's BirminghamJose Osorio
CME Lecture for the medical staff at St Vincent's Hospital.
Atrial fibrillation is a common rhythm disorder. There are many treatment options available today.
Atrial Fibrillation Ablation - Improving Efficacy and Minimizing FluoroscopyJose Osorio
Atrial fibrillation ablation is a procedure performed to attempt to cure afib. It is traditionally performed using fluoroscopy (X-Ray) to guide, and exposure to radiation is a concern.
In order to minimize and sometimes completely avoid the use of radiation during the procedure newer techniques using the mapping systems have been developed.
This presentation shows some of the techniques I use to minimize fluoroscopy during ablation. This was presented at a course for electrophysiology fellows.
Internal Cardiac Defibrillators (ICDs) are devices implanted in patients that are at risk of dying suddenly. ICDs monitor the heart's rhythm and if a fatal arrhyhtmia is seen they can deliver shocks that can convert the patient back into normal rhythm and save a life.
Lean about ICDs, what they are and why they are used and how to life with one.
Atrial Fibrillation in Women - St Vincent's, Birmingham, ALJose Osorio
Go Red For Women - American Heart Association
Atrial fibrillation is a common condition in women, yet there are significant disparities in the treatment. Women with afib are more likely to have strokes and less likely to receive appropriate care.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,sisternakatoto
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group of receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a teamof receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a team wwww.lisywomensclinic.co.za/
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
2. The perioperative period poses unique challenges to
ensure patient safety.
◦ Expanding use of potential sources of electromagnetic
interference (EMI)
◦ Great concern for phantom reprogramming
◦ Potential Lead/Device damage
◦ Rapid changes in CRM technology
Current complex digital transmission of
programming signals.
Contradictory advice
◦ Literature
◦ Manufactures
Great need for a consistent consensus document.
www.theafcenter.com
3. Class I
1. Sinus node dysfunction with documented
symptomatic bradycardia
2. Symptomatic chronotropic incompetence (failure
to increase HR with exercise or increased metabolic
demand)
3. 3° and advanced 2° AV block associated with any
of the following:
Arrhythmias that require drugs resulting in
symptomatic bradycardia
Sinus pauses > 3 seconds
Asymptomatic escape rate < 40bpm while
awake
4. Type II 2° AV
www.theafcenter.com
5. Causes:
Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine, 7th ed., 2005.
Failure to
Capture
Failure
to Pace
Failure
to Sense
www.theafcenter.com
12. All patients with EF of <36% on good medical
therapy
Patients who have survived a VT or VF arrest
without clear precipitating cause
◦ i.e. – acute MI
Patients structural heart disease or genetic
conditions at a high risk for SCD.
Bi-V ICD for patients with heart failure and LBBB
www.theafcenter.com
13. Defibrillators – Pacing capabilities
ICD patients:
◦ Majority do not have pacing indications
VVI 40
No pacing on baseline ECG
◦ Most patients that do have pacing indications will
have BiV ICD implanted
www.theafcenter.com
14. Implantable Defibrillators (1989-2003)
209 cc 120 cc 80 cc 80 cc 72 cc 54 cc
62 cc 49 cc 39.5 cc 39.5 cc 36 cc
83% size reduction since 1989!
38 cc39.5 cc
www.theafcenter.com
15. NON- Magnet
Magnet = VOO
Magnet Operation
Pacemakers
•Asynchronous Pacing
•Magnet Response at ERI
www.theafcenter.com
20. Pacemakers:
◦ Potential deleterious effects of asynchronous pacing
Potential pro-arrhythmic effect
May have significant impact in patients with depressed
LV function and CRT
Defibrillators:
◦ Inadvertently leaving tachy therapies OFF
www.theafcenter.com
22. Effective communication between CIED and
operative team
Current complex digital transmission of
programming signals
◦ EMI/Reset/Phantom reprogramming - no longer a
concern.
Most patients will not need a de novo
preoperative evaluation
◦ If information needed if in the records of the CIED clinic.
We strongly support the prior HRS
recommendations that industry representatives
cannot be placed in a position of medical
responsibility
◦ not to say that an IEAP cannot assist with the technical
part of that evaluation as long as the IEAP is under the
supervision of a physician experienced in CIED
management. www.theafcenter.com
23. Pacemaker/AICD response to EMI:
1. Temporary or permanent resetting to a backup pacing mode.
2. Temporary or permanent inhibition of pacemaker output.
3. Increase in pacing rate (rate-responsive PMs).
4. AICD inappropriate shock.
5. Myocardial injury at the lead tip: failure to sense or capture.
Sources:
1. Electrocautery
2. Radiofrequency ablation
3. MRI (contraindicated!)
4. Radiation therapy
5. ECT
www.theafcenter.com
24. 1. Cautery tool and current return pad are
positioned so the current pathway does not
pass through or near the CIED pulse
generator and leads;
2. Avoiding proximity of the cautery's electrical
field to the pulse generator or leads;
3. Using short, intermittent, and irregular
bursts at the lowest feasible energy levels;
4. Using a bipolar electrocautery system or an
ultrasonic (harmonic) scalpel if possible.
www.theafcenter.com
25. • Infrequent
• More commonly caused by therapeutic ionizing radiation
• Rarely reported after exposure to electrosurgery
• Direct application of cautery to pulse generator
• Safety backup.
www.theafcenter.com
30. Pre-op and post-op
evaluation/reprogramming for every patient.
Ophtalmology
Thoracic
Neurosurgery
Shoulder/arm surgery
www.theafcenter.com
31. Pacemakers
◦ Dependent patients
Below umbilicus: no changes necessary
Above umbilicus:
Careful use of cautery / patches application
Use of magnet
◦ Non-dependent patients
No changes: unless close to pulse generator/leads
Careful monitoring as patients may become dependent
during procedure
www.theafcenter.com
32. Defibrillators
◦ What is the response to magnets?
◦ Dependency: absolute or functional?
◦ Tachytherapies
Disable by using magnet
◦ Brady
Program if surgery above umbilicus and patient is
dependent
www.theafcenter.com
