otitis media is the inflammation of the ear drum or tympanic membrane this topic include its definition , etiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestation, diagnosis and its treatment which can be used by nursing students for taking care of the patient suffering from otitis media and for learning for their examination and knowledge purpose
and care of the child with acute otitis media and chronic otitis media and make their family aware about the complication of the otitis media like hearing loss meningitis
meniere disease is the inner ear condition which affect the patient haring and balance this ppt can help the nurses to take care of the patient affected with this disease and can be used as a study material for their examination
Otitis media is a group of inflammatory diseases of the middle ear. The two main types are acute otitis media (AOM) and otitis media with effusion (OME). AOM is an infection of rapid onset that usually presents with ear pain.
Nosebleeds are very common in young children, affecting most at some time or another. From the outset, it is important to be aware that nosebleeds will often settle down on their own, sometimes requiring medical treatment, but that major underlying causes (blood clotting problems or abnormalities in the nose) are very rare.
Describe nursing assessment of the ear, sinuses ,nose, throat.
Identify nursing responsibilities for patient undergo diagnostic test or procedure for ear, sinuses, nose, throat.
Describe the common therapeutic measures for ear, sinuses ,nose, throat.
Explain the pathophysiology, etiology, clinical manifestation and treatment for ENT disorders.
Assist in developing nursing care plans for patient with ENT disorders.
Rhinitis, also known as coryza, is irritation and inflammation of the mucous membrane inside the nose. Common symptoms are a stuffy nose, runny nose, sneezing, and post-nasal drip. The inflammation is caused by viruses, bacteria, irritants or allergens
meniere disease is the inner ear condition which affect the patient haring and balance this ppt can help the nurses to take care of the patient affected with this disease and can be used as a study material for their examination
Otitis media is a group of inflammatory diseases of the middle ear. The two main types are acute otitis media (AOM) and otitis media with effusion (OME). AOM is an infection of rapid onset that usually presents with ear pain.
Nosebleeds are very common in young children, affecting most at some time or another. From the outset, it is important to be aware that nosebleeds will often settle down on their own, sometimes requiring medical treatment, but that major underlying causes (blood clotting problems or abnormalities in the nose) are very rare.
Describe nursing assessment of the ear, sinuses ,nose, throat.
Identify nursing responsibilities for patient undergo diagnostic test or procedure for ear, sinuses, nose, throat.
Describe the common therapeutic measures for ear, sinuses ,nose, throat.
Explain the pathophysiology, etiology, clinical manifestation and treatment for ENT disorders.
Assist in developing nursing care plans for patient with ENT disorders.
Rhinitis, also known as coryza, is irritation and inflammation of the mucous membrane inside the nose. Common symptoms are a stuffy nose, runny nose, sneezing, and post-nasal drip. The inflammation is caused by viruses, bacteria, irritants or allergens
In this presentation there is complete content regarding its causes, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic evaluations and managements that can be done.
First of all as we know that otitis media is a disease condition related to ear infection and inflammations.
Chest physiotherapy (CPT) refers to a group of therapies used in combination to mobilize pulmonary secretions. CPT is helpful to mobilize or loosen the secretions in the lungs and respiratory tract especially for patients with large amount of secretions or ineffective cough.
this slide will help the students and other care provider to know about importance of chest physiotherapy and its practical use and able to write in exam if asked
and to improve nurses in their skills regarding chest physiotherapy as well as to teach to their colleague and students
thank you !!!!
Anatomy and physiology of male reproductive systemPallavi Lokhande
The organs of the male reproductive system include the testes, a system of ducts (including the epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory ducts, and urethra), accessory sex glands (seminal vesicles, prostate, and bulbourethral glands), and several supporting Structures, including the scrotum and the penis.
and knowledge of this system can help in knowing abnormality in it as well as can be used as study material
The respiratory system (also respiratory apparatus, ventilatory system) is a biological system, consisting of specific organs and structures used for gas exchange in human.
and the knowledge of this system give details view regarding respiratory system and its abnormality
vitals sign is the basic parameter used for all the patients to know the vital and general parameter for the patients and any changes in this parameter can cause the life threatening condition for the patients or clients life the proper technique and its alternatives assessment knowledge can help the nurses to improve academic performance and can be apply this knowledge in their clinical practices
pelvic inflammatory disease is the infectious disease in the female upper genital organ and its causes discomfort to the patient and knowledge of this ppt can help the patients and nurses to know the disease process well and can apply this knowledge into their clinical practices
amenorrhea is a condition when female do not have regular mensural cycles by puberty or due to any causes this ppt can help the patient and nurses to gain knowledge about this disease process and apply their knowledge into their clinical practices
abortion or miscarriage is the condition which causes the end of pregnancy before the child can survive extrauterine area this ppt include abortion and its management and this ppt help nurses to know this condition well and apply this condition in their clinical practice
abnormal uterine bleeding or vaginal bleeding the the conditions refer to female genital organ disfunction and term with their meaning this ppt include different bleeding pattern in female its terminology and its management this ppt help the nurses to know the disease condition well and apply this knowledge in their clinical practice and in their academic performance
stomach cancer is the common melignancy in male and female can leads to death of patient this ppt help in knowing the condition and its management and help nurses for their knowledge, to improve academic performance and application in their clinical practice
cancer of rectum is the abnormal proliferation of the rectal cells this ppt will help the nursing students to know the disease process and its management and also this help the students to apply these in their clinical practice and to improve their academic performance
cancer of the larynx is also known as the cancer of voice box and basic knowledge about this is important to treat the patient and give better care for the patient this knowledge will help the nursing students to give better care, to improve their academic performance and to improve their skills in their clinical practice
lungs cancer is the 2nd most common cancer in males with high morbidity and mortality the treatment of this type cancer and its knowledge, awareness is very important in both health care workers and general public this ppt is help nurses to know about this type of cancer and application of this knowledge in there clinical practice and in their theoretical knowledge, examination
documentation and reporting is the basic of nursing care and can be used in all health care setting why, how and when to documented that is described in the ppt the nurses and all health care professional for study, examination and application of this knowledge into their clinical practice
bone marrow transplant is the surgical procedure for replacement of the cancerous or abnormal cells present in the blood or cells and to improve the blood quality and quantity to fight against the diseases and for learning purpose for all the nursing student and application of these knowledge in their clinical practice
directing process is a process of advising, supervision, motivation, and capacity of influence other in any organization, it helps in formulating leader, leadership skills and also can be used as a study material by nurses and nurse manager for their knowledge skill development and application in their clinical practice and examination
oral cancer is the common melignancy in male and can leads to death of patient and social isolation among patient this ppt help in knowing the condition and refers by nurses for their knowledge and application in their clinical practice
cervical cancer is the most common type of cancer in females and death by its meglancy, there are many female who are unaware of this cancer and its treatment, early detection and its treatment can help females in good prognosis and speedly recovery and can be refer by all nursing student for their knowledge, study, improving skills and application in their clinical practices
breast cancer is the malignent condition of breast and it is the 2nd most common cancer in females with needs to be special attention as it its a very private things for female for early detection and its treatment, and provide a brief knowledge regarding breast cancer to all the nursing students and for their application in their c
(Treatment modality) radiation therapy for cancerPallavi Lokhande
radiation therapy is used as a choice of treatment modality and generally used for the treat, kill, cure patient of cancer and can be used for a educational purpose for gnm and bsc student
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
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TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
2. Learning Objectives
At the end of this lecture, students
should be able to :
• define otitis media
• enlist the causes
• explain the pathophysiology
• enumerate the clinical manifestation
• describe the management
3. Introduction
• otitis media refers to an inflammation
of the middle auditory canal which is
normally filled with air behind the ear
drum.
• It is an inflammation of middle ear that
most often occur in infant but can
occur at any age
6. Incidence
• Otitis media is the second most
common disease in child hood after
upper respiratory tract infection
• Repetitive episodes of otitis media can
leads to a chronic otitis media which
can occur in later life or at any age
group
7. Classification of otitis media
Sr.
no
.
Otitis media Characteristic
1. Acute otitis media
•inflammation of the medial ear and can heal
with shortly
•Rapid onset of symptom
• < 3 weeks
2.
Chronic otitis
media
•inflammation of the medial ear due to
repetitive episode of AOM
•Symptom worsen with time
• > 3weeks to 3 month or more
8.
9. Causes
• Age: due to shorter eustachin tube in child
occurrence in childhood is most common
• water in the ear canal
• Trauma to the skin of the ear canal,
• pathogenic bacteria
• Sinusitis, Allergic reaction(rhinitis,
pharyngitis)
• streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus
influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis
10. • Trauma to the tympanic membrane
• Head injury
• Gender : boys are more affected
then girls
• Craniofacial abnormalities (cleft
palate)
• Passive smoking
• Down syndrome
• Poor air quality
• Seasonal factor
13. Sign and symptoms
• Pain in and about the ear(otalgia),
espacially when lying down
• Fever & drainage from the ear
• Tympanic membrane become
erythematous
• Conductive hearing loss
• Change in behavior
14. • Irritability
• Decrease appitite
• Noise in ear
• Fullness in ear
• Tugging or pulling at an ear
• Loss of balance
• Trouble sleeping
• Vomiting
15.
16.
17. Diagnostic evaluation
• History collection
• Physical examination
• Otoscopic examination
• Culture
• Audiometry
• Tympanometry (test used to measure
the movement of the ear drum )
18. • Acoustic reflectometry : test used to
measure the sound reflection back to
the ear drum
• Tympanocentesis : draining out fluid or
pus from the middle ear with the help
of small needle aspiration
20. Medical Management
• Although most tympanic membrane
perforations heal spontaneously
• Antibiotic :-
1. Amoxicillin: 20-40 mg/kg/day, TDS, for 10-
14 days or
2. Augmentin : 45 mg/kg/day, BD, for 10-14
days or
3. Broad spectrum antibiotic therapy (penicillin)
21. • Analgesic (NSAIDs)
• Antipyratic
• Prevent entry of water in ear
• Drainage if fluid collection is max.
• Hearing aid
22. SURGICAL MANAGEMENT
• Perforations that do not heal on their
own may require surgery.
• Tympanoplasty: surgical repair of
tympanic membrane by grafting
• Myringotomy: incision through ear
drum to create an artificial opening to
drain fluid
23. Nursing management
• PREVENTION
• Prevent common cold and other
illnesses
• Avoid second hand smoking
• Proper nutrition
• Avoid water irrigation of ear
• Protect ear during swimming
24. Nursing diagnosis
• Acute pain related to fluid filled in ear or
infection
• Altered auditory sensation perception related
to fluid accumulation in middle ear
• Imbalance nutritional status less then body
requirement related to vomiting
• Risk for infection related to decrease immune
response
• Knowledge deficit related to disease process
and response
25. Nursing Interventions
• Apply hot water bag over the ear with the
child lying on the affected side may reduce
the discomfort (applied during the attack of
pain)
• Put ice bag over the affected area may also
be beneficial to reduce edema (between pain
attacks)
• For drained ear : external canal may be
frequently cleaned using sterile cotton swab
(dry or soaked in hydrogenperoxide)
26. • Excoriation of the outer ear should be
prevented by frequent cleaning and
application of zinc oxide to the area of
oxidate
• Give special attention to the
tympanostomy tube i.e. avoid water
entering the middle ear and introducing
bacteria
• Educate family about care of child &
keep them aware with the complication
of the acute otitis media e.g. hearing
loss
27. • Preventing from Altered Sensory Perception
by providing all the needed article of objects
near them
• Avoiding keeping patient alone as it leads to
fall or head injury
• Promoting Wound Healing by giving all
medication in time, dose, frequency and ear
care
• Provide emotional support to the child and his
28. Summary
So far we have discussed about
definition, etiology,
physiopathology, clinical
manifestations,, and managements
of otitis media.
29. Bibliography
• Lewis et al, Medical Surgical Nursing,
Mosby Elsevier,7th edition.
• Joyce.M.Black et al, Medical Surgical
Nursing, Saunders publication.
• Brunner and Siddhartha, Medical
Surgical Nursing, Lippincott Williams
and Wilkins.