Otitis media is an infection of the middle ear that is usually caused by bacteria or viruses. It is common in young children due to the short, horizontal shape of the eustachian tubes. Risk factors include exposure to cigarette smoke, overcrowding, bottle feeding, and allergies. Acute otitis media presents with severe ear pain over days to weeks and visible inflammation of the eardrum. Chronic otitis media is characterized by persistent fluid buildup behind an intact eardrum, while chronic suppurative otitis media involves long-term drainage through a perforated eardrum. Treatment involves antibiotics, antihistamines, tubes, or surgery depending on the type and severity of