It is done as part of an eye examination and may be done as part of a routine physical examination. Ophthalmoscopy is also called funduscopy, is a test that allows a health professional to see inside the fundus of the eye and other structures using an ophthalmoscope or funduscope.

1. ophthalmoscopy
By
SATHISHKUMAR G
(sathishsak111@gmail.com)

2. ophthalmoscopy
It is done as part of an eye examination and may
be done as part of a routine physical
examination.
Ophthalmoscopy is also called funduscopy, is a
test that allows a health professional to see
inside the fundus of the eye and other structures
using an ophthalmoscope or funduscope.

3. An instrument for examining the interior structure
of the eye, especially the retina, consisting
essentially of a mirror that reflects light into the eye
and a central hole through which the eye is
examined.
Is process by which a medical professional
investigate the body of a patient for signs of
disease.

4. IMAGE OF OPHTHALOMSCOPY

6. PARTS OF OHTHALMOSCOPY

7. HOW DOES AN OPHTHALMOSCOPE
WORK?
Your eye doctor will dim the lights of the room and ask
you to focus on a fixed point on a far wall
Using direct or indirect ophthalmoscope, your doctor
will examine the structure of your eye
Your eye doctor is looking for signs of a healthy retina
and also far indicators of any number of potential eye
problems like cataracts or macular degeneration.

8. TYPES OF OPHTHALMOSCOPY
 DIRECT OPHTHALMOSCOPY
INDIRECT OPHTHALMOSCOPY

9. DIRECT OPHTHALMOSCOPY
 During direct ophthalmoscopy, you may here a
clicking sound as the instrument is adjusted to
focus an different structure in the eye.
 The light is some times very intense and you
may see spots for a short time following the
examination.
 These are actually the outlines of the blood
vessels of the retina.

10. FOCUS ON DIRECT METHOD

11. INDIRECT OPHTHALMOSCOPY
The indirect ophthalmoscopy, the light is much
more intense and may be some what
uncomfortable.
Pressure applied to your eye ball with the blunt
instrument also may be uncomfortable. If the
test is painful.

12. FUCUS ON INDIRECT METHOD

13. Comparison of direct and indirect method:
features Direct method Indirect method
Magnification 14X 3X
Field diameter 2 dimension diameter 9 dimension diameter
Ratio of area field One Twenty
Illumination Limited illumination High illumination
Depth of focus Small range of focus Large range of focus
Stereopsis Absent Present
Orientation of image Direct Inverted, reverse
View of periphery Limited Full
Scleral indentation Difficult Easy

14. ADVANTAGES OF DIRECT
OPHTHALMOSCPY:
It is portable device
It is easy to use
Upright image
Can use w/o dilation

15. DISADVANTAGES:
Small field of view
Lack of stereopsis
Media opacities can degrade image

16. ADVANTAGE OF INDIRECT
OPHTHALMOSCOPY:
Image not affected by the patients refractive
power
Delivery of LASER
Binocular examination of fundus up-to the
periphery
Large field of view

17. DISADVANTAGE:
Difficult to learn
Less magnification, therefore details of a small
lesion not visualized properly
Impossible with very small pupils
More uncomfortable to the patient

18. WHEN IS OPHTHALMOSCOPY USED?
1. Damage to your optic nerve
2. Retinal tear or detachment
3. Diabetes
4. Hypertension, which is also known as high
blood pressure
5. Melanoma, a type of skin cancer that can
spread to your eye

19. Uses of ophthalmoscope:
The red free in the ophthalmoscope is used to
differentiate between retinal and choroidal lesion
Large aperture is used to examine the fundus through
the dilated pupil
Small aperture is used to examine the fundus with
small pupil
It also make small macro aneurysms and small
hemorrhage standout more clearly and helpful
estimating C/D ratio.

20. THANK YOU