The document discusses different types of facility layouts used in manufacturing. It describes product layouts, which arrange facilities in a straight line to repetitively produce highly standardized products. Process layouts group similar processes together and are more flexible for customized products. Fixed position layouts are used when products cannot be moved due to size or weight constraints. Cellular layouts group machines for similar product families to provide flexibility for medium volume products. Hybrid layouts combine elements of product and process layouts to balance efficiency and flexibility.
In every operational management field Layout is the very import concept which in should know. Even if u r a student or a worker you should know the process/flow of layouts.
Principles of Plant layout
Types of Plant layout
Process layout
Product layout
Cellular Manufacturing layout
fixed Position layout
Hybrid Layout
and their Advantages & disadvantages
In every operational management field Layout is the very import concept which in should know. Even if u r a student or a worker you should know the process/flow of layouts.
Principles of Plant layout
Types of Plant layout
Process layout
Product layout
Cellular Manufacturing layout
fixed Position layout
Hybrid Layout
and their Advantages & disadvantages
Facility Layout
Introduction
Layout planning is determining the best physical arrangement of resources within a facility.
It may be defined as a technique of locating machines, processes and plant services within the factory so as to achieve the right quantity and quality of output at the lowest possible cost of manufacturing.
Objective of a good Layout
Provide enough production capacity.
Reduce material handling costs.
Reduce congestion that impedes the movement of people or material.
Reduce hazards to personnel.
Increase employee morale.
Reduce accidents.
Utilize available space effectively & efficiently.
This was a presentation done team-wise in Manipal as part of our MBA assignments. The subject name was Operations Management and the presentation topics were different types of layouts. Our team got the topic Process Layout.
Production planning, routing, scheduling, Activating, MonitoringDarshan Shah
First Plan Your Work and then Work on Your Plan.
1. Planning is deciding in advance what to do, how to do it, when to do it and who is to do it.
Planning bridges the gap from where we are, to where we want to go. It makes it possible for things to occur which would not otherwise happen.
2. Routing may be defined as the selection of path which each part of the product will follow, which being transformed from raw material to finished products.
Routing determines the most advantageous path to be followed from department to department and machine to machine till raw material gets its final shape.
3. Scheduling determines the program for the operations. Scheduling may be defined as ‘the fixation of time and date for each operation’ as well as it determines the sequence of operations to be followed.
4. Activating is concerned with the starting the processes. Activating is ‘release of orders and instruction for the starting of production for any item in acceptance with the route sheet and schedule charts’.
5. Monitoring is related to report daily the progress of work in each shop in a prescribed proforma and to investigate the causes of deviations from the planned performance.
Production and Operations Management
Product Vs Service
Concept of Production and OM
Functions /Scope of POM
Operation Strategy
Transformation Process
Product Design & Product Process
History of POM
Issues in POM
Layout planning is deciding on the best physical arrangement of all resources that consume space within a facility.
Decisions about the arrangement of resources in a business are not made only when a new facility is being designed; they are made any time there is a change in the arrangement of resources, such as a new worker being added, a machine being moved, or a change in procedure being implemented.
Layout planning is performed any time there is an expansion in the facility or a space reduction.
Facility Layout
Introduction
Layout planning is determining the best physical arrangement of resources within a facility.
It may be defined as a technique of locating machines, processes and plant services within the factory so as to achieve the right quantity and quality of output at the lowest possible cost of manufacturing.
Objective of a good Layout
Provide enough production capacity.
Reduce material handling costs.
Reduce congestion that impedes the movement of people or material.
Reduce hazards to personnel.
Increase employee morale.
Reduce accidents.
Utilize available space effectively & efficiently.
This was a presentation done team-wise in Manipal as part of our MBA assignments. The subject name was Operations Management and the presentation topics were different types of layouts. Our team got the topic Process Layout.
Production planning, routing, scheduling, Activating, MonitoringDarshan Shah
First Plan Your Work and then Work on Your Plan.
1. Planning is deciding in advance what to do, how to do it, when to do it and who is to do it.
Planning bridges the gap from where we are, to where we want to go. It makes it possible for things to occur which would not otherwise happen.
2. Routing may be defined as the selection of path which each part of the product will follow, which being transformed from raw material to finished products.
Routing determines the most advantageous path to be followed from department to department and machine to machine till raw material gets its final shape.
3. Scheduling determines the program for the operations. Scheduling may be defined as ‘the fixation of time and date for each operation’ as well as it determines the sequence of operations to be followed.
4. Activating is concerned with the starting the processes. Activating is ‘release of orders and instruction for the starting of production for any item in acceptance with the route sheet and schedule charts’.
5. Monitoring is related to report daily the progress of work in each shop in a prescribed proforma and to investigate the causes of deviations from the planned performance.
Production and Operations Management
Product Vs Service
Concept of Production and OM
Functions /Scope of POM
Operation Strategy
Transformation Process
Product Design & Product Process
History of POM
Issues in POM
Layout planning is deciding on the best physical arrangement of all resources that consume space within a facility.
Decisions about the arrangement of resources in a business are not made only when a new facility is being designed; they are made any time there is a change in the arrangement of resources, such as a new worker being added, a machine being moved, or a change in procedure being implemented.
Layout planning is performed any time there is an expansion in the facility or a space reduction.
Need for Capacity Planning
Type of Capacity
Roles of forecasting in Capacity Planning
Facility Layout Planning
Product Layout
Process Layout
Fixed position layout
Cellular layout
Facilities Layout is the method of allocating machines & equipments, various production process and other necessary services involved in transformation process of products with the available space of the factory so as to achieve the greatest possible output of high quality at the lowest possible costs of manufacturing.
he physical arrangement of production facilities. It is the configuration of departments, work centers and equipment in the conversion process. It is a floor plan of the physical facilities, which are used in production.
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Operation management - Importance & Type of layout
1. Asthetic arrangement of elements.
Allocation of Space & Equipments.
On accounts of continous Manufacturing & Technological
improvement in production & design .
A Format utilising the best possible usage of physical
arrangement of resources.
What is Layout ?........
Arrangement Process
Optimization
2. Need for developing Layout for……
Importance/ Need of
Layout……
Requirement of Product Design & Volume
• Ex. Shape, Weight, Units, Quantities
Process Equipment & Capacity
• Ex. Machinery required, Raw material, Storage, process
Quality of Work Life
• Ex. Human Resources, Job analysis, optimization
5. Types of Layouts……
PRODUCT
Designed to produce
specific product
efficiently
PROCESSES
Group similar;
resources together
Fixed Position
Product is too large to
move.
Cellular
Grouped processes,
similar items
Hybrid
Combination of
Product & Processes
6. PRODUCT LAYOUT
Part of manufacturing process which allows for the repetative
assembly of highly standardize products.
Production work can be layout in straight line with labor &
equipment subdivided in smooth line.
For ex. A Garment Manufacturer:-
Store room Cutting
department
Panel
checking
dept.
Printing
Dept.
Stiching &
Cropping
Dept.
Finishing
&
Checking
Dept.
Packaging &
Loading
7.
8. Easy Production
Handling cost Reduces
Less in process Inventory
Less Supervision
Efficient Space Utilization
Higher Productivity/ Cycle time is short
.
Expensive
Breakdown
Lack of Flexibility
Output Quantity Fixed; no alteration possible
Specialised superiors not present
Advantage
Disadvantage
9. Also known as Functional Layout.
Groups the people & equipment performing similar functions
together.
They lend themselves to low volumes of customized jobs & use
variety of general purpose equipments.
Requires specification of objectives in terms of output &
Flexibility; estimation of product demand & services.
Work flow is typically intermittent ,guided by individual work
orders.
PROCESS LAYOUT
10.
11.
12. Flexible system for custom work.
Less costly general purpose equipment.
Enhance job satisfaction , more diversity & challenges.
Costly material Handling.
High cost skilled labor.
Higher supervision cost per employee.
Low equipment utilisation.
More complex production control; for instance,
sheduling,inventory & control.
Advantages
Disadvantages
13. When due to size, shape & other characteristic constraints, the
product cannot be moved ; the macines & operators move around
the product.
Used in projects where product is too fragile, bulky, or heavy to
move.
Workers are highly skilled to perform specific job as per
requirement.
Useful when product is manufactured in few no.s
Processes are arranged in right sequence around workpiece.
Generally fixed costs are low & variable costs are high.
FIXED POSITION LAYOUT
14.
15. Advantages Disadvantages
Small investment
on layout
Scope for
Adjustment &
Changes ; flexible
Feasible for Large
& immobile
products
High Capital
Investment
Large Storage
Space
Careful Planning
16. It is type of Layout in which machines are grouped together
according to process requirement for set of similar items that
requires similar processings.
Based on Group Technology method- a method of organizing
parts into families with similar manufacturing requirements.
Group technology involves identifying similar parts,
characteristics.
Provides Flexibility to produce Low demand products.
Suitable for medium variety & medium environment product.
Part or assembly moves one at a time.
Often arranged in U shape or C- flow.
CELLULAR LAYOUT
17.
18.
19. Advantages
1 Flexibility
2. Small batches of
production.
3.High machine
utilisation
4. Low cost of
production
5. Workers
empowerment
6. Reduces setup time
Disadvantages
1. Requirement of Skills
2. Possibility of
imbalances
3. Inadequate part
families
4.Expanded Training &
sheduling of workers
5.Loss of flexibility
6. Cost of setting up &
maintenance
20. Combination of both Product & Process layout.
Maintains some of efficiency of product layout.
Maintains some of flexibility of process layout.
Also called as Combined Layout.
The use of combine layout is possible when an item is made in
different size & types.
Here machinery are arranged in process layout but process
grouping is arranged in sequence, to manufacture various types &
size of products.
Sequence of operation remains same.
HYBRID LAYOUT
21.
22. Reduced
material
Handling &
Transit time
Reduced
Setup time
Better
Automation
& Control
Multifuncti
onal
Workers
Advantages
Inadequate
Part Families
Poor
balanced cell
Increased
Capital
Investment
Expanded
Training &
Sheduling
Disadvantages
