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Process selection
The document discusses different types of production systems and factors that influence process selection. It describes four main types of production systems: project, job, batch, and mass production. It also discusses intermittent and continuous manufacturing systems. Key factors that influence process selection include variety, volume, flexibility, and expected output. Process selection impacts capacity planning, facility layout, equipment design, and work design.
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Process selection
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- 2. Contents Types of productionsystem Project Job Mass Production Shikha Sota
- 3. Process selection The waysorganizations choose to produce or provide their goods and services. It involves choice of technology, type of processing, and so on. It influences Capacity planning Layout of facilities Equipment Design of work systems Shikha Sota
- 4. Forecasting Product and Service Design Technological Change Capacity Planning Process Selection Facilitiesand Equipment Layout Work Design Process selection Shikha Sota
- 5. Variety Howmuch Flexibility What degree Volume Expected output Factors which influence process selection Batch Repetitive Continuous Job ShopProject Shikha Sota
- 6. Types of manufacturingsystems Types Intermittent system Continuous system Shikha Sota
- 7. Intermittent System Goodsare made to specially fulfill orders made by customers rather than for stock Production facilities are flexible Most products are produced in small quantities Workloads are generally unbalanced In-process inventory is large Highly skilled operators Needs high investment Elaborate sequencing & scheduling may be required Shikha Sota
- 8. Continuous System Itemsare produced for stocks and not for specific orders Inputs are standardized Standard set of process and sequence Does not require diverse work Balanced operational stages Simple control process Weakness in the system can be easily located Material requirement can be easily planned. Shikha Sota
- 9. Project: A non-repetitiveset of activities directed toward a unique goal within a limited time frame Unique Whole project is considered as one operation Non routine Each product is a class in itself Highly skilled manpower Generally high investments High unit cost of production Examples: Building a bridge, Dam construction Process Types Shikha Sota
- 10. Batch: Produces manydifferent products in groups (batches) Low or Moderate volume Moderate variety. Variety among batches but not inside Batch is not passed to next operation until the work on previous operation is complete Examples: Bakeries, movie theaters, classrooms, printing press Process Types Shikha Sota
- 11. Job shop: Providesunit or lot production or service with changeable specifications, according to customer needs Small scale Small lots low volume general equipment Skilled workers High-variety Examples: Dentist’s office Process Types
- 12. Mass production: Itemsare produced in large quantities and much emphasis is not given to consumer orders Standardization is the fundamental characteristic Uniform and uninterrupted flow of materials is maintained Pre-determined sequence One type of product at one time Generally used to produce sub-assemblies or parts/components Process Types
- 13. Intermittent Same productis not produced continuously Items produced for order Equipment used for limited time Wide range of products can be manufactured Smaller scale of production Planning & control operations complicated & tedious Continuous Same product produced continuously Items produced for stock Regular use of equipment Only particular type of product can be produced Large scale production Planning & control operations simple & easy
- 14. Intermittent Production process flexible Per unit cost of production is high Functional type of organization Product & process is not standardized Continuous Process not flexible Per unit cost of production is low Divisional type of organization Product & process standardized