The document discusses nuclear energy, which is energy obtained from nuclear reactions like nuclear fission and fusion. It explains that nuclear reactions involve the splitting or combining of atomic nuclei, which results in a mass defect that is converted to a large amount of energy according to Einstein's mass-energy equivalence formula. Specifically, the document defines nuclear fission and fusion, describes how a nuclear chain reaction powers a nuclear reactor to produce electricity, discusses the safety and environmental issues with nuclear energy, and provides an example calculation of energy released by radioactive decay.