This document discusses the relationship between peace and violence. It defines violence and outlines three types: mental, verbal, and physical. Violence can occur between individuals, groups, communities, nations, and cultures. Peace is defined as the absence of violence and the constructive handling of conflict. There are two categories of peace: positive peace, which involves social justice and fair treatment; and negative peace, which is the mere absence of direct violence. The document explores approaches to establishing both positive and negative peace.

1. Non Violence for Peace
Relationship between Peace and
Violence
By
M.VIJAYALAKSHMI
Assistant Professor

2. Unit – 2: Non Violence for Peace
2.1 Relationship between peace and violence
2.2 Role of violence in our lives and the lives of
others
2.3 Exposure to Non violence through media
2.4 Consequences-Crisis and the management-
Factors that influence non- violence.

3. Unit – 2: Non Violence for Peace
2.1 Relationship between peace
and violence

4. • Violence is emerging in an unprecedented
manner in human society
• Children naturally absorb the spirit of
violence in the atmosphere
• Therefore the need to cherish peace in the
hearts of children has risen as urgent issues
to be addressed
• Peace education helps teachers and students
to perceive causes for violence

5. Indian Scriptures –
Three kinds of violence
• Mental (Manasik)
• Verbal (Vachik)
• Physical (Kayeek)

6. Violence has several configurations
• Individuals (fight between two individuals)
• Groups (clashes of gangs)
• Communities (caste conflicts and communal
violence)
• Nations (war between two countries)
• Cultures (world wars and contemporary
Anglo-American war in Afghanistan, Iraq,
etc.)

7. Definition of Violence
“Violence is the intentional use of physical
force or power, threatened or actual, against
oneself, another person, or against a group or
community, which either results in or has a
high likelihood of resulting in injury, death,
psychological harm, maldevelopment, or
deprivation”
- UNESCO

8. Relationship between Peace and Violence
• Peace does not mean the total absence of
any conflict
• It means absence of violence in all forms and
the unfolding of conflict in a constructive way
• Preamble to the UNESCO Constitution –
• Since wars begin in the minds of men, it is in
the minds of men that the defence of peace
must be constructed

9. • Peace is a quality describing a
society or a relationship that is
operating harmoniously
• Two categories
• According to Galtung –
• Positive Peace
• Negative Peace

10. • Positive Peace
• More than the absence of violence; it is the
presence of social justice through equal
opportunity, a fair distribution of power and
resources, equal protection and impartial
enforcement of law
• Negative Peace
• The absence of direct violence (physical,
verbal and psychological) between
individuals, groups and governments

11. • Positive peace – achieved through
eliminating the structural, socio-cultural and
ecological violence
• Structural violence –
• Life spans are reduced when people are
socially dominated, politically oppressed or
economically exploited
• Class and caste situations are the source of
violence – lead to sense of inferiority and
relative deprivation among people

12. • Both structural and socio-cultural violence
inevitably produce conflict and often direct
violence, including family violence, racial
violence, hate crimes, terrorism, genocide,
and war
• Ecological problems rebound on human in
the form of damage to the foundation of
their lives and to their health, or as
additional costs
• Intra familial violence occurs in the child’s
immediate environment

13. Positive peace - Approaches
• Establishing peace through world order
by supporting international law,
compliance with multilateral treaties,
use of international courts, and
nonviolent resolution of disputes,
participation in international
organizations, trade and communication

14. • Establishing social equality and justice,
economic equity, ecological balance;
protecting citizens from attack, and
meeting basic human needs
• Establishing civil peace that provides the
constitutional and legal means
necessary to settle differences
nonviolently

15. • Eliminating indirect violence, that
shortens the life span of people,
shortens unequal life chances, or
reduces quality of life for any citizen
• Practicing conflict resolution as a
foundation for building peaceful
interpersonal and international
relationships

16. Negative Peace
• Absence of direct violence (physical,
verbal and psychological) between
individuals, groups and governments
• Immediate symptoms – conditions of
war, and the use and effects of force
and weapons

17. Negative Peace - Approaches
• Managing interpersonal and organizational
conflict in order to control, contain and
reduce actual and potential violence
• Reducing the incidence of war by eliminating
the extreme dangers of the war system
• Limiting war through international crisis
management
• Preventing war through strategic deterrence
and arms control

18. Sources are taken from
•Slidesharenet.com
•Web sources