This document discusses the use of satellite remote sensing for natural hazard assessment and disaster management. It begins with an introduction to natural hazards and disasters, providing statistics that show floods are the most common type of disaster. It then discusses the disaster management cycle and gives an overview of remote sensing technology. The main role of remote sensing is to support hazard assessment, damage estimation, predictive modeling of catastrophic events, and determining hazardous areas. The document then provides a specific case study of using satellite imagery to map 2010 floods in Pakistan, identifying inundated areas and tracking the movement of floods over time to help relief efforts.

1. Natural hazards and role of
satellite Remote Sensing
PREPARED BY:
ABU UMEER ( EN-22/2018-19)
ASSIGNED BY:
PROF: DR. ASIF AHMED SHAIKH
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

2. CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
STATISTICAL DATA ON DISASTER AND ITS EFFECT
DISASTER MANAGEMENT CYCLE
OVERVIEW OF REMOTE SENSING TECHNOLOGY
ROLE OF REMOTE SENSING IN HAZARD ASSESSMENT/DISASTER
MANAGEMENT
MAPPING 2010 FLOODS IN PAKISTAN USING SATELITE REMOTE SENSING

3. INTRODUCTION
• A potentially damaging phenomenon. HAZARD
• Natural disasters are extreme events within the earth's system
resulting in loss of valuable good.
• They are a profound impact of the natural environment upon the
socio-economic system (Alexander, 1993).

6. (data obtained from Disasters charter 2006).
29 %
18 %
%11
9 %
9 %
%8
8 %
%5
%2 2 %
flood
earthquake
storm
volcanoes
landslide
oil spill
fire
tsunami
hurricane
technological

7. (UNDRO, 1991).
Disaster management is represented here as a cycle,

8. • Aerial remote sensing is useful to natural hazard management for focusing on
priority areas,
• verifying small-scale data interpretations, and providing information about
features that are too small for detection by satellite imagery.
• Among the available airborne systems, the most useful for natural hazard
assessments and integrated development planning are aerial photography,
airborne radars, and thermal infrared (IR) scanners
• Aerial photography provides the closest approximation of what the human eye
sees.

9. to support
rescue
operations
damage
estimation
to predict
catastrophic
events
to determine
hazardous
areas.
satellite imagery can be a valuable
data source used in order to

10. . Remote sensing in natural hazard assessments
all geologic,
hydrologic,
Atmospheric
phenomena
are recurring
events that
leave evidence
of their
previous
occurrence.
Revealing the
location of
previous
occurrences
distinguishing
the conditions
makes it
possible
to identify
areas of
potential
exposure to
natural
hazards
so that measures
to reduce the
social and
economic
impact of
potential
disasters can be
introduced into
the planning
process.

11. Remote sensing
from satellite
vehicles has
become increasingly
important since the
successful launch of
Landsat 1 in 1972.
It provides the
synoptic view
required by the
broad scale of
integrated
development
planning studies.
Given the range of
tools available for
aerial and satellite
remote sensing,
their applications
vary according to
the advantages and
limitations of each.

12. It also helps in determining which of the flood protection
bunds (levees) needs reinforcement, deciding where to breach
to the bunds to save some of the cities, barrages and other
important installations.
In the future, these mapped flood extents can help the
concerned authorities for damage assessment of urban areas,
road infrastructure, and crops, as well as to demarcate and
designate nonexistent floodplain boundaries.

13. Pakistan is consistently ranked among top 10 countries that have been most affected
by the impacts of weather-related loss events (storms, floods, heat waves etc.).
%0
1 %
2 %
%3
4 %
5 %
6 %
7 %
0
50
100
150
200
250
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Damage GDP % of GDP
Average EconomicLoss
percentofGDP1.16
Sources
http://gfdrr.org/gfdrr/sites/gfdrr.org/files/publication/Pakistan_DNA.pdf
Web: www.lead.org.pk

14. MAPPING PAKISTAN 2010 FLOODS USING REMOTE SENSING DATA
In the wake of such a wide spread disaster, remote sensing data once
again proved its importance both for relief and rescue efforts.
The availability of temporal remote sensing data from Landsat and ASTER
has made it possible to map the flood extents, and track the movement of
the flood from north to south of the country.
Temporally mapped flood extent helps the authorities to monitor the
progress of the floods,
how and from where to access the affected urban areas to provide relief
and rescue in a timely manner.

15. Figure1. Pre-flood event Landsat Image July 11, 2010 Figure 2. Post -flood event Landsat Image of August 04, 2010.
REMOTE SENSING DATAAND FLOOD MAPPING
ASPRS 2011 Annual Conference
Milwaukee, Wisconsin ♦ May 1-5, 2011

16. A subset of water extent derived from August 4, 2010 Landsat imagery, displayed on Google Earth™.
(©2010 Google)
The spatial distributions of estimated
damages show a high concentration of
losses to agricultural lands (crops) along
the rivers and nullahs.

17. CONCLUSIONS
• The primary objective of the use of remote sensing data for the mapping is
• to provide the planners and disaster management institutions a quick view of
the ground conditions and disaster impact.
• This help them make a quick response plan and move swiftly to take
appropriate remedial measures.
• It can help to visualize and assess the amount of flooding and losses to their
property.
• The effectiveness of the remote sensing imagery for flood mapping has been
amply demonstrated for many flood events.

18. • REFERENCES
 https://www.oas.org/dsd/publications/unit/oea54e/ch13.htm#2.%20remote%20sensing%20in%20natural%20hazard%20assessmets
 Final Report. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Disaster Management Workshop, NASA DPR S-70677 (Washington, D.C.: Naval Research
Laboratory, March 29-30, 1982).
 The Express Tribune. March 22, 2012. http://tribune.com.pk/story/353606/climate-change-at-its-current-trend-could-cost-pakistan14billion-a-
year
 Asian Development Bank and World Bank (2010). Pakistan 2010 Floods: Preliminary Damage and Needs Assessment.
 Http://gfdrr.org/gfdrr/sites/gfdrr.org/files/publication/Pakistan_DNA.pdf
 Web: www.lead.org.pk

19. Thank You