A floodplain is the normally dry land area adjoining
river or stream that is inundated during flood events. The
most common reason for flooding could be overtopping of river
or stream due to heavy downfall. The floodplain carries flow
in excess of the river or stream capacity. Flood frequency and
flood water-surface elevations are the crucial components for
the evaluation of flood hazard. This paper presents the
methodology that incorporates advanced technologies for
hydrologic and hydraulic analyses that are needed to be carried
out to predict the flood water-surface elevations for any
ungaged watershed.
Morphometric Analysis to Identify Erosion Prone Areas on the Upper Blue Nile ...IRJET Journal
This document presents a morphometric analysis of the Didessa and Jema sub-basins in Ethiopia using GIS to identify erosion prone areas. Digital elevation data was analyzed to delineate the sub-watershed boundaries and stream networks. Various linear, areal, and relief morphometric parameters were computed, including stream order, bifurcation ratio, drainage density, stream frequency, circularity ratio, and relief ratio. These parameters were used to rank the sub-watersheds based on their erosion potential. The results showed that the Jema sub-watershed covers a larger area (49.45%) of high priority erosion prone land compared to the Didessa sub-watershed (29.85%). This indicates
Integrated application of HEC-RAS and GIS and RS for flood risk assessment i...inventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
A Holistic Approach for Determining the Characteristic Flow on Kangsabati Cat...ijceronline
Kangsabati river rises from the Chotanagpur plateau in the state of West Bengal, India and passes through the districts of Purulia, Bankura and Paschim Medinipur in West Bengal before joining into river Rupnarayan. It is life of these three districts of West Bengal situated in the western part of the state. The river has ephemeral characteristics i.e. it has low flow in the year round and have a high peak on a certain time basis. In the Kangasabati catchment hydrological study gives an evident that during the period every two years there is a chance of drought condition and consecutively after that there is a high flow year. In our study period from 1991 to 2010 there are six low streamflow year i.e. in that year there is less rainfall than the average rainfall on that area. The year 1991, 2002 and 2009 are the drought prone year and above that in 2010 the severe drought condition was seen and this is the lowest rainfall year among the last 20 years and the rainfall on this year is only 766 mm which is in an about 38% less rainfall than the average rainfall of the catchment. And the highest flood peak in the last twenty year is noted on 19th Aug 2007 as 377107.8 Mm3
River flood modelling with mike 11 case of nzoia river (budalangi) in kenyaAlexander Decker
This document presents a study that uses the one-dimensional MIKE 11 hydrodynamic model to simulate flooding in the lower Nzoia River basin in Kenya. The study area focuses on the Budalangi floodplains. The objectives are to implement the MIKE 11 model for this river reach and investigate the 2008 Budalangi floods. The model is set up using surveyed river cross-section data and boundary conditions. Two scenarios are modeled - an intact dyke case and a breached dyke case. The results show that the 2008 flooding was mainly caused by dyke breach. The optimal computational time step and spatial step for model stability are found to be 1 minute and 500m, respectively.
This document presents a case study of coupling surface water and groundwater models in the Netravathi river basin located in southern India. It summarizes the data collected and methodology used. Key data included a digital elevation model, soil data, land use/land cover maps, rainfall and weather data, hydrological data including streamflow, and groundwater levels. The methodology involved using SWAT to model surface water hydrology and estimate groundwater recharge, then coupling the SWAT outputs to a MODFLOW groundwater model to allow a more complete analysis of the regional hydrological system.
IRJET- Water Resources Planning and the Hydrologic CycleIRJET Journal
1) Water is essential for life but only a small percentage of Earth's total water is available freshwater. Sustainable management of water resources is important for development.
2) The hydrologic cycle describes how water circulates between the atmosphere and Earth's surface in different states as it evaporates, condenses, precipitates, and collects or infiltrates into the ground.
3) At the regional scale, river basins are a key unit for studying hydrology as they represent areas where all precipitation and runoff drains to a common point such as a river mouth. Understanding the hydrologic cycle and its processes within river basins is important for water planning.
Engineering Hydrology deals with the estimation and analysis of water resources. It involves studying processes like precipitation, runoff, and evapotranspiration. It also examines hydrologic problems such as floods and droughts. Engineering Hydrology is important for the design and operation of water resources projects like irrigation systems, flood control projects, water supply schemes, and hydropower projects. It is essential for analyzing, designing, and operating hydraulic structures that retain or convey water.
Morphometric Analysis to Identify Erosion Prone Areas on the Upper Blue Nile ...IRJET Journal
This document presents a morphometric analysis of the Didessa and Jema sub-basins in Ethiopia using GIS to identify erosion prone areas. Digital elevation data was analyzed to delineate the sub-watershed boundaries and stream networks. Various linear, areal, and relief morphometric parameters were computed, including stream order, bifurcation ratio, drainage density, stream frequency, circularity ratio, and relief ratio. These parameters were used to rank the sub-watersheds based on their erosion potential. The results showed that the Jema sub-watershed covers a larger area (49.45%) of high priority erosion prone land compared to the Didessa sub-watershed (29.85%). This indicates
Integrated application of HEC-RAS and GIS and RS for flood risk assessment i...inventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
A Holistic Approach for Determining the Characteristic Flow on Kangsabati Cat...ijceronline
Kangsabati river rises from the Chotanagpur plateau in the state of West Bengal, India and passes through the districts of Purulia, Bankura and Paschim Medinipur in West Bengal before joining into river Rupnarayan. It is life of these three districts of West Bengal situated in the western part of the state. The river has ephemeral characteristics i.e. it has low flow in the year round and have a high peak on a certain time basis. In the Kangasabati catchment hydrological study gives an evident that during the period every two years there is a chance of drought condition and consecutively after that there is a high flow year. In our study period from 1991 to 2010 there are six low streamflow year i.e. in that year there is less rainfall than the average rainfall on that area. The year 1991, 2002 and 2009 are the drought prone year and above that in 2010 the severe drought condition was seen and this is the lowest rainfall year among the last 20 years and the rainfall on this year is only 766 mm which is in an about 38% less rainfall than the average rainfall of the catchment. And the highest flood peak in the last twenty year is noted on 19th Aug 2007 as 377107.8 Mm3
River flood modelling with mike 11 case of nzoia river (budalangi) in kenyaAlexander Decker
This document presents a study that uses the one-dimensional MIKE 11 hydrodynamic model to simulate flooding in the lower Nzoia River basin in Kenya. The study area focuses on the Budalangi floodplains. The objectives are to implement the MIKE 11 model for this river reach and investigate the 2008 Budalangi floods. The model is set up using surveyed river cross-section data and boundary conditions. Two scenarios are modeled - an intact dyke case and a breached dyke case. The results show that the 2008 flooding was mainly caused by dyke breach. The optimal computational time step and spatial step for model stability are found to be 1 minute and 500m, respectively.
This document presents a case study of coupling surface water and groundwater models in the Netravathi river basin located in southern India. It summarizes the data collected and methodology used. Key data included a digital elevation model, soil data, land use/land cover maps, rainfall and weather data, hydrological data including streamflow, and groundwater levels. The methodology involved using SWAT to model surface water hydrology and estimate groundwater recharge, then coupling the SWAT outputs to a MODFLOW groundwater model to allow a more complete analysis of the regional hydrological system.
IRJET- Water Resources Planning and the Hydrologic CycleIRJET Journal
1) Water is essential for life but only a small percentage of Earth's total water is available freshwater. Sustainable management of water resources is important for development.
2) The hydrologic cycle describes how water circulates between the atmosphere and Earth's surface in different states as it evaporates, condenses, precipitates, and collects or infiltrates into the ground.
3) At the regional scale, river basins are a key unit for studying hydrology as they represent areas where all precipitation and runoff drains to a common point such as a river mouth. Understanding the hydrologic cycle and its processes within river basins is important for water planning.
Engineering Hydrology deals with the estimation and analysis of water resources. It involves studying processes like precipitation, runoff, and evapotranspiration. It also examines hydrologic problems such as floods and droughts. Engineering Hydrology is important for the design and operation of water resources projects like irrigation systems, flood control projects, water supply schemes, and hydropower projects. It is essential for analyzing, designing, and operating hydraulic structures that retain or convey water.
This document discusses techniques for delineating approximate floodplains, including using regional regression equations and hydrology/hydraulic models like HEC-RAS and HEC-GeoRAS. It also describes a case study on Ash Creek in Pennsylvania where these methods were used to define the 100-year floodplain by deriving peak flows, running HEC-RAS to get water surface elevations, and mapping the results in GIS with HEC-GeoRAS. The conclusions state that these techniques provide an expeditious way to preliminarily delineate floodplains in around 2 months.
IRJET- Assessment the Harm from the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam on the Wa...IRJET Journal
This document discusses the potential impacts of filling and operating the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) on water inflows to the High Aswan Dam (HAD) in Egypt. It uses the Eastern Nile Model within the RiverWare software to simulate GERD filling and operation over 115 hydrological scenarios from 2017-2060 under three different initial HAD water level scenarios. The results show that GERD filling, which is assumed to take six years, could significantly reduce HAD inflows and water levels, with probabilities of HAD levels dropping below critical thresholds of 159m and 147m increasing substantially during the filling period. Specifically, the probability of inflows to HAD falling below 55.5 billion
This document outlines the course details for Engineering Hydrology (CE-235) at NUST Institute of Civil Engineering. The course will be taught by Engr. Sajjad Ahmad and covers principles of surface water and groundwater hydrology over 22 lectures. Topics include the hydrologic cycle, precipitation measurement, runoff analysis, streamflow routing, groundwater flow principles, well hydraulics, and tube well construction. Students will be assessed through assignments, quizzes, midterms, and a final exam.
Hydrological Risk Assessment at Praia, Cape VerdeIJEAB
Hydrology modeling became a relevant topic for the Cidade da Praia, Cabo Verde, Africa, due to negative impact risk to local population and its assets. The modeling via Geographical Information Systems (GIS) can help the decision-making process of space occupation and characterization for this type of risk. Under the municipalities of Praia, the phenomenon of flash flood is common, causing soil erosion and landslide. This constitutes a risk for the local habitat, particularly in districts with a lack of strong human infrastructures. To simulate, analyze and generate risk maps using GIS to help this county governance authorities for decision-making, thus, becomes the main aim of this article.
This document provides an overview of floods, including their causes, types, effects, and management. It discusses intrinsic and extrinsic factors that can cause flooding when thresholds are exceeded. The main causes of flooding are meteorological, hydrological, and anthropogenic factors like urbanization and deforestation. Common flood types are river floods, flash floods, coastal floods, and urban floods. Estimating floods involves past records, the Rational Method, and flood frequency studies. Design floods are selected based on their return period and probability. Prone areas in India are mapped. Flood management strategies include building on raised platforms, afforestation, forecasting, and controlling water flow with dams.
1) The document summarizes a thesis presentation on groundwater modeling of the southern coastal aquifer in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Field work and modeling were conducted to understand the hydrogeology and assess risks of seawater intrusion.
2) Parameter sensitivity analysis found the aquifer thickness is accurately represented as 30-40m based on the model results. Hydraulic conductivity values from slug tests indicate the aquifer composition is sand and fine gravel.
3) Initial modeling shows the saltwater interface extending 205.1m horizontally and 40m below the surface. Predictions of water table declines over 5-10 years from increased groundwater use were minor due to low current abstraction rates and population.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
The document summarizes a study analyzing the adoption of green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) in Tucson, Arizona over the last decade. The key findings are:
1) On average, Tucson sub-watersheds have a GSI adoption rate of 4.7% of treated acreage and 5.8% of treated parcels, indicating room for further implementation.
2) The watersheds with the highest GSI treatment tend to be smaller and closer to urban areas, likely due to higher resident interest and more advocacy.
3) Certain watersheds have met or are approaching a goal of 10-25% GSI adoption, which modeling suggests could significantly reduce stormwater flooding and pollution.
This document provides an abstract for a thesis on flood risk mapping of Kathmandu Valley in Nepal. The thesis uses GIS and hydrologic modeling to create hazard, vulnerability, exposure and risk maps. Hydraulic modeling was conducted using HEC-RAS to simulate flood inundation for different return periods. The results were imported into GIS to create flood inundation maps and analyze hazard, vulnerability and exposure. The analysis found that most areas have moderate flood risk, with cultivated land being the most affected land use and experiencing moderate to high risk. Automated risk mapping using these tools provides more efficient results to help decision makers understand flood risks.
Invited plenary talk (part one) given by Prof. Farid El-Daoushy at the Inter. Radiation Protection Congress, Afrirpa-2010, Sept. 2010, Nairobi, Kenya, It summarizes assessing large-scale and long-term transport and accumulation processes of radioactivity, anthropogenic and human waste. It compares the impacts of such processes on European and Nile Basin surface water systems. Utilization of these instruments for decision making and for sustainable water management policies are also explained.
Climate change impact assessment on hydrology on river basinsAbhiram Kanigolla
The document discusses applying remote sensing and GIS techniques to assess the impacts of climate change on hydrology in river basins. It describes using the SWAT hydrological model to simulate the water balance of the Krishna River basin in India under current and future climate scenarios from regional climate models. Key steps involved gathering spatial data on terrain, land use and soils, calibrating and validating SWAT using historical weather data, and running the model for control and climate change scenarios to analyze changes in stream flows, runoff and groundwater. The results show increases in annual discharge and surface runoff in the basin in future climate scenarios.
Urban Flood Risk from Flood Plains to Floor DrainsRobert Muir
Correlation of basement flooding with overland drainage & topographic risk factors during severe storms (Toronto, Ontario, May 12, 2000, August 19, 2005, July 8, 2013 severe storms).
Outline:
Severe Basement Flooding Events – Toronto, ON
Risk Factor Mapping
Overland Drainage (on table land, beyond regulated valley / river flood vulnerable area)
Catchment Relief (topographic slope factors)
Correlation of Observed Flooding, Flood Density and Risks
Joint Back-up and Overland Peril Considerations
De-risk Opportunities
Next Steps for Further Study
A Study on Intensity of Rainfall in Urban Bangalore AreasIRJET Journal
This document presents a study on rainfall intensity in urban Bangalore areas. The objectives of the study were to develop intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curves and empirical formulas for 17 stations in urban Bangalore using 40 years of daily rainfall data. Probability distributions were fitted to estimate rainfall depth and intensity for different durations and return periods. Chi-square testing was used to identify the best-fitting distribution. IDF curves were plotted and empirical formulas derived for short durations from 5 minutes to 24 hours and return periods from 2 to 200 years. Isohyetal and isopluvial maps were generated to estimate rainfall depth and intensity spatially. Depth-area-duration curves were also plotted to analyze spatial rainfall distribution. The maps and
This study used the SWAT model to simulate runoff and soil loss in the 1491 km2 Sarrath river catchment in Tunisia to identify high erosion risk areas. The model performed well in calibration and validation. Simulation results showed high correlation between runoff and sediment yield. Only 10% of the catchment area had high to very high erosion rates, contributing 70% of sediment. The highest erosion sub-catchments were identified to prioritize conservation measures. The SWAT model proved effective for assessing spatial variability of erosion risk across the catchment and aiding management planning.
Morphometry and Hydrology relationship in Lidder valleyShakil Romshoo
Morphometric analysis of the Lidder catchment was carried out using geospatial technique.The analysis revealed that the area has uniform lithology and is structurally permeable. The high drainage density of all
subwatersheds indicate more surface runoff.The morphometric analysis also indicates that the area is more prone to weathering due to very-coarse to coarse drainage texture.
This document summarizes research on improving coastal and shelf circulation modeling in the Gulf of Lions region of the Mediterranean Sea. It discusses the need for high resolution models to capture fine scale processes driven by atmospheric forcing. A new high resolution (1.25km) regional model is presented that aims to better represent mixed layer processes and intermittent winds. The impact of atmospheric forcing resolution is analyzed, finding that higher resolution forcing improves the model's ability to reproduce observed sea surface temperature variability on short time scales. Overall, the study emphasizes the importance of using high resolution atmospheric forcing to realistically model complex coastal dynamics.
Egypt is one of the biggest and affected country in Africa and Middle East, which
affected by increasing population and many developing projects. The Nile is the artery
of life to Egypt as it shares with other ten countries as it considered the longest river
by adding its tributaries which reach 6,850 km. Egypt is suffering from deficit of water
resources at the present and in the future. Modeling may be helpful in solving water
shortage problems in the Nile valley with successful future planning. Many previous
studies had applied mathematical, physical and mechanical models on Nile river basin
and studying the impact of climate change and new strategies in water resources
management and using the GIS and share decisions with al participates. In the present
research, we apply WEAP program on east Nile delta and study Sharkia Governorate
as case study as it is the third big governorate in population and it is expected to
suffering from water deficit problem, so to achieve this deficit place and amount. We
feed the program with total resources of main canals (Ismailia and Bahr Mowais) and
total demand of water from different sectors; irrigation, domestic, and industrial
water demands. then the program determines the deficit area and redistributes the
water according to demand node priorities. We concluded that the water deficit value
=11.6MCM/year occur at the end of irrigation network (San Al Hagar & Al Salheya
region) where some illegal actions done by the farmers to overcome this water
shortage.
Rainfall runoff analysis of a compacted areawalled ashwah
This document summarizes a study analyzing rainfall-runoff characteristics of a compacted 1.23 hectare area in Kerala, India. Runoff was measured for 7 storms using a rectangular notch. A relationship between discharge and head was determined. Unit hydrographs were derived from storm hydrographs. A linear relationship between rainfall and runoff was found, with a runoff coefficient of 0.12 calculated for the study area. Maximum rainfall intensities of 30-89 mm/hr were found for storm durations. The results show rainwater recharge structures constructed based on the rainfall-runoff analyses enhanced the water table level.
005 Mapping and modelling climate change impacts, vulnerable features and com...djhutch
Presentation given by Drs Malcolm Whitworth and Robert Inkpen (Centre for Applied Geosciences, University of Portsmouth) at UPEN workshop - Climate change and the Solent: Opportunities and Vulnerabilities.
Mapping social vulnerability to flood hazard in Norfolk%2C EnglandKurtis Garbutt
This document summarizes a study that created an open-source vulnerability index (OS-VI) to map social vulnerability to flood hazards in Norfolk, England. The researchers used a deductive indicator-based approach incorporating indicators of vulnerability and flood risk to determine an area's social vulnerability. Unlike some indices, the OS-VI included measures of accessibility to key services like healthcare to account for the loss of capabilities during floods. It was designed for national scale analysis using open-source data and tools. The document reviews literature on vulnerability assessments and indicator selection. It presents the OS-VI methodology and maps vulnerability in Norfolk, including an analysis of accessibility to hospitals.
This document discusses techniques for delineating approximate floodplains, including using regional regression equations and hydrology/hydraulic models like HEC-RAS and HEC-GeoRAS. It also describes a case study on Ash Creek in Pennsylvania where these methods were used to define the 100-year floodplain by deriving peak flows, running HEC-RAS to get water surface elevations, and mapping the results in GIS with HEC-GeoRAS. The conclusions state that these techniques provide an expeditious way to preliminarily delineate floodplains in around 2 months.
IRJET- Assessment the Harm from the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam on the Wa...IRJET Journal
This document discusses the potential impacts of filling and operating the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) on water inflows to the High Aswan Dam (HAD) in Egypt. It uses the Eastern Nile Model within the RiverWare software to simulate GERD filling and operation over 115 hydrological scenarios from 2017-2060 under three different initial HAD water level scenarios. The results show that GERD filling, which is assumed to take six years, could significantly reduce HAD inflows and water levels, with probabilities of HAD levels dropping below critical thresholds of 159m and 147m increasing substantially during the filling period. Specifically, the probability of inflows to HAD falling below 55.5 billion
This document outlines the course details for Engineering Hydrology (CE-235) at NUST Institute of Civil Engineering. The course will be taught by Engr. Sajjad Ahmad and covers principles of surface water and groundwater hydrology over 22 lectures. Topics include the hydrologic cycle, precipitation measurement, runoff analysis, streamflow routing, groundwater flow principles, well hydraulics, and tube well construction. Students will be assessed through assignments, quizzes, midterms, and a final exam.
Hydrological Risk Assessment at Praia, Cape VerdeIJEAB
Hydrology modeling became a relevant topic for the Cidade da Praia, Cabo Verde, Africa, due to negative impact risk to local population and its assets. The modeling via Geographical Information Systems (GIS) can help the decision-making process of space occupation and characterization for this type of risk. Under the municipalities of Praia, the phenomenon of flash flood is common, causing soil erosion and landslide. This constitutes a risk for the local habitat, particularly in districts with a lack of strong human infrastructures. To simulate, analyze and generate risk maps using GIS to help this county governance authorities for decision-making, thus, becomes the main aim of this article.
This document provides an overview of floods, including their causes, types, effects, and management. It discusses intrinsic and extrinsic factors that can cause flooding when thresholds are exceeded. The main causes of flooding are meteorological, hydrological, and anthropogenic factors like urbanization and deforestation. Common flood types are river floods, flash floods, coastal floods, and urban floods. Estimating floods involves past records, the Rational Method, and flood frequency studies. Design floods are selected based on their return period and probability. Prone areas in India are mapped. Flood management strategies include building on raised platforms, afforestation, forecasting, and controlling water flow with dams.
1) The document summarizes a thesis presentation on groundwater modeling of the southern coastal aquifer in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Field work and modeling were conducted to understand the hydrogeology and assess risks of seawater intrusion.
2) Parameter sensitivity analysis found the aquifer thickness is accurately represented as 30-40m based on the model results. Hydraulic conductivity values from slug tests indicate the aquifer composition is sand and fine gravel.
3) Initial modeling shows the saltwater interface extending 205.1m horizontally and 40m below the surface. Predictions of water table declines over 5-10 years from increased groundwater use were minor due to low current abstraction rates and population.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
The document summarizes a study analyzing the adoption of green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) in Tucson, Arizona over the last decade. The key findings are:
1) On average, Tucson sub-watersheds have a GSI adoption rate of 4.7% of treated acreage and 5.8% of treated parcels, indicating room for further implementation.
2) The watersheds with the highest GSI treatment tend to be smaller and closer to urban areas, likely due to higher resident interest and more advocacy.
3) Certain watersheds have met or are approaching a goal of 10-25% GSI adoption, which modeling suggests could significantly reduce stormwater flooding and pollution.
This document provides an abstract for a thesis on flood risk mapping of Kathmandu Valley in Nepal. The thesis uses GIS and hydrologic modeling to create hazard, vulnerability, exposure and risk maps. Hydraulic modeling was conducted using HEC-RAS to simulate flood inundation for different return periods. The results were imported into GIS to create flood inundation maps and analyze hazard, vulnerability and exposure. The analysis found that most areas have moderate flood risk, with cultivated land being the most affected land use and experiencing moderate to high risk. Automated risk mapping using these tools provides more efficient results to help decision makers understand flood risks.
Invited plenary talk (part one) given by Prof. Farid El-Daoushy at the Inter. Radiation Protection Congress, Afrirpa-2010, Sept. 2010, Nairobi, Kenya, It summarizes assessing large-scale and long-term transport and accumulation processes of radioactivity, anthropogenic and human waste. It compares the impacts of such processes on European and Nile Basin surface water systems. Utilization of these instruments for decision making and for sustainable water management policies are also explained.
Climate change impact assessment on hydrology on river basinsAbhiram Kanigolla
The document discusses applying remote sensing and GIS techniques to assess the impacts of climate change on hydrology in river basins. It describes using the SWAT hydrological model to simulate the water balance of the Krishna River basin in India under current and future climate scenarios from regional climate models. Key steps involved gathering spatial data on terrain, land use and soils, calibrating and validating SWAT using historical weather data, and running the model for control and climate change scenarios to analyze changes in stream flows, runoff and groundwater. The results show increases in annual discharge and surface runoff in the basin in future climate scenarios.
Urban Flood Risk from Flood Plains to Floor DrainsRobert Muir
Correlation of basement flooding with overland drainage & topographic risk factors during severe storms (Toronto, Ontario, May 12, 2000, August 19, 2005, July 8, 2013 severe storms).
Outline:
Severe Basement Flooding Events – Toronto, ON
Risk Factor Mapping
Overland Drainage (on table land, beyond regulated valley / river flood vulnerable area)
Catchment Relief (topographic slope factors)
Correlation of Observed Flooding, Flood Density and Risks
Joint Back-up and Overland Peril Considerations
De-risk Opportunities
Next Steps for Further Study
A Study on Intensity of Rainfall in Urban Bangalore AreasIRJET Journal
This document presents a study on rainfall intensity in urban Bangalore areas. The objectives of the study were to develop intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curves and empirical formulas for 17 stations in urban Bangalore using 40 years of daily rainfall data. Probability distributions were fitted to estimate rainfall depth and intensity for different durations and return periods. Chi-square testing was used to identify the best-fitting distribution. IDF curves were plotted and empirical formulas derived for short durations from 5 minutes to 24 hours and return periods from 2 to 200 years. Isohyetal and isopluvial maps were generated to estimate rainfall depth and intensity spatially. Depth-area-duration curves were also plotted to analyze spatial rainfall distribution. The maps and
This study used the SWAT model to simulate runoff and soil loss in the 1491 km2 Sarrath river catchment in Tunisia to identify high erosion risk areas. The model performed well in calibration and validation. Simulation results showed high correlation between runoff and sediment yield. Only 10% of the catchment area had high to very high erosion rates, contributing 70% of sediment. The highest erosion sub-catchments were identified to prioritize conservation measures. The SWAT model proved effective for assessing spatial variability of erosion risk across the catchment and aiding management planning.
Morphometry and Hydrology relationship in Lidder valleyShakil Romshoo
Morphometric analysis of the Lidder catchment was carried out using geospatial technique.The analysis revealed that the area has uniform lithology and is structurally permeable. The high drainage density of all
subwatersheds indicate more surface runoff.The morphometric analysis also indicates that the area is more prone to weathering due to very-coarse to coarse drainage texture.
This document summarizes research on improving coastal and shelf circulation modeling in the Gulf of Lions region of the Mediterranean Sea. It discusses the need for high resolution models to capture fine scale processes driven by atmospheric forcing. A new high resolution (1.25km) regional model is presented that aims to better represent mixed layer processes and intermittent winds. The impact of atmospheric forcing resolution is analyzed, finding that higher resolution forcing improves the model's ability to reproduce observed sea surface temperature variability on short time scales. Overall, the study emphasizes the importance of using high resolution atmospheric forcing to realistically model complex coastal dynamics.
Egypt is one of the biggest and affected country in Africa and Middle East, which
affected by increasing population and many developing projects. The Nile is the artery
of life to Egypt as it shares with other ten countries as it considered the longest river
by adding its tributaries which reach 6,850 km. Egypt is suffering from deficit of water
resources at the present and in the future. Modeling may be helpful in solving water
shortage problems in the Nile valley with successful future planning. Many previous
studies had applied mathematical, physical and mechanical models on Nile river basin
and studying the impact of climate change and new strategies in water resources
management and using the GIS and share decisions with al participates. In the present
research, we apply WEAP program on east Nile delta and study Sharkia Governorate
as case study as it is the third big governorate in population and it is expected to
suffering from water deficit problem, so to achieve this deficit place and amount. We
feed the program with total resources of main canals (Ismailia and Bahr Mowais) and
total demand of water from different sectors; irrigation, domestic, and industrial
water demands. then the program determines the deficit area and redistributes the
water according to demand node priorities. We concluded that the water deficit value
=11.6MCM/year occur at the end of irrigation network (San Al Hagar & Al Salheya
region) where some illegal actions done by the farmers to overcome this water
shortage.
Rainfall runoff analysis of a compacted areawalled ashwah
This document summarizes a study analyzing rainfall-runoff characteristics of a compacted 1.23 hectare area in Kerala, India. Runoff was measured for 7 storms using a rectangular notch. A relationship between discharge and head was determined. Unit hydrographs were derived from storm hydrographs. A linear relationship between rainfall and runoff was found, with a runoff coefficient of 0.12 calculated for the study area. Maximum rainfall intensities of 30-89 mm/hr were found for storm durations. The results show rainwater recharge structures constructed based on the rainfall-runoff analyses enhanced the water table level.
005 Mapping and modelling climate change impacts, vulnerable features and com...djhutch
Presentation given by Drs Malcolm Whitworth and Robert Inkpen (Centre for Applied Geosciences, University of Portsmouth) at UPEN workshop - Climate change and the Solent: Opportunities and Vulnerabilities.
Mapping social vulnerability to flood hazard in Norfolk%2C EnglandKurtis Garbutt
This document summarizes a study that created an open-source vulnerability index (OS-VI) to map social vulnerability to flood hazards in Norfolk, England. The researchers used a deductive indicator-based approach incorporating indicators of vulnerability and flood risk to determine an area's social vulnerability. Unlike some indices, the OS-VI included measures of accessibility to key services like healthcare to account for the loss of capabilities during floods. It was designed for national scale analysis using open-source data and tools. The document reviews literature on vulnerability assessments and indicator selection. It presents the OS-VI methodology and maps vulnerability in Norfolk, including an analysis of accessibility to hospitals.
This document summarizes a study that evaluated flood hazard and negative health outcomes in Wisconsin's Upper Fox River Basin. It used FEMA's Hazus-MH software to generate 100-year and 500-year flood scenarios. An analysis identified populations vulnerable to flooding and their access to healthcare. A literature review found wide-ranging negative health outcomes from flooding, from drowning to psychological effects. The study successfully mapped the floodplain but noted limitations and opportunities for improved spatial accuracy in future studies.
ICLR Friday Forum: National floodplain mapping framework (Oct 10, 2014)glennmcgillivray
On October 10, 2014 ICLR conducted a Friday Forum workshop on the state of floodplain mapping in Canada. Public Safety Canada is the lead federal agency responsible for disaster prevention and mitigation. In response to increases in flood intensity and flood damage over the past number of years, PSC has completed the National Floodplain Mapping Assessment. The Assessment includes three parts: a review of international practices, the state of flood hazard mapping across Canada including the cost of updating the and mapping to proposed standards, and a Framework that established state-of-the-art standards for both the update of flood hazard mapping and the development of national flood risk data base. This presentation focused on the National Floodplain Management Framework including the proposed mapping standards, anticipated implementation steps, and the scope and intent of the flood risk database.
The second half of the presentation focused on recent advancements in effectively defining urban overland flood risk. Urban overland flooding is caused by intense rainfall events in areas where there is insufficient storm sewer system capacity and poorly defined overland flow routes. Currently, across Canada urban areas prone to urban flooding are not generally defined. Moreover, in cases that are known to be flood prone the risk is rarely quantified. By better defining areas at risk, municipalities can focus efforts in effective urban overland flood mitigation.
Workshop leader Tim Mereu, Vice President of MMM Group, has responsibility for Water Resources and Environmental Services. He has thirty years of consulting experience with a focus on water resources, including flood risk management, policy and standards development, master planning, channel restoration, and storm water management. Tim was the Project Manager for the recently completed National Floodplain Mapping Assessment undertaken by Public Safety Canada.
2016 web mapping track: towards cartographic standards for web based flood ha...GIS in the Rockies
This document discusses developing cartographic standards for web-based flood hazard maps. It outlines the researchers' backgrounds and motivation for the work. They conducted interviews, analyzed existing flood map applications, created a prototype map, and surveyed experts. Key findings include that most maps are too complex for the public and lack important information. The research aims to establish best practices for web map design to effectively communicate flood risk.
Presented in the ASEAN Cooperation on Utilization of Space Technology for Disaster Management Seminar, 11th Aug 2010 at Miracle Grand Convention Hotel, Thailand. Hosted by GISTDA
Estimation of surface runoff in nallur amanikere watershed using scs cn methodeSAT Journals
Abstract
The development of watershed aims at productive utilization of all the available natural resources in the entire area extending from
ridge line to stream outlet. The per capita availability of land for cultivation has been decreasing over the years. Therefore, water and
the related land resources must be developed, utilized and managed in an integrated and comprehensive manner. Remote sensing and
GIS techniques are being increasingly used for planning, management and development of natural resources. The study area, Nallur
Amanikere watershed geographically lies between 110 38’ and 110 52’ N latitude and 760 30’ and 760 50’ E longitude with an area of
415.68 Sq. km. The thematic layers such as land use/land cover and soil maps were derived from remotely sensed data and overlayed
through ArcGIS software to assign the curve number on polygon wise. The daily rainfall data of six rain gauge stations in and around
the watershed (2001-2011) was used to estimate the daily runoff from the watershed using Soil Conservation Service - Curve Number
(SCS-CN) method. The runoff estimated from the SCS-CN model was then used to know the variation of runoff potential with different
land use/land cover and with different soil conditions.
Keywords: Watershed, Nallur watershed, Surface runoff, Rainfall-Runoff, SCS-CN, Remote Sensing, GIS.
Analysis of runoff for vishwamitri river watershed using scs cn method and ge...vishvam Pancholi
1) The document analyzes runoff for the Vishwamitri River watershed in India using remote sensing and geographic information systems. Various thematic maps were prepared including land use/land cover, soils, slope, and a weighted curve number map was calculated.
2) Runoff was estimated from 1990-2013 using the SCS-CN method. Average annual rainfall varied from 336-2170 mm while average annual runoff varied from 49.5-800.2 mm.
3) The study demonstrated the effective use of GIS and remote sensing to analyze watershed characteristics and estimate runoff for the Vishwamitri River watershed.
CIRM in collaboration with the Institute of Water Modelling, Dhaka, Bangladesh published a report on Flood Hazard Model for an Index Based Flood Insurance Products for Sirajganj District, Bangladesh.
Inundation and Hazard Mapping on River Asa, using GISOyeniyi Samuel
This document discusses using GIS to create inundation and hazard maps of River Asa in Ilorin, Nigeria. Land use maps from 1976-2004 were digitized and analyzed, showing increases in built up area and cultivation over time. A digital elevation model was generated from contour lines. Rainfall data from 1984-2013 showed more years exceeding 100mm annually in later periods. Floodplains were mapped based on land use, rainfall, elevation, and slope data. Discharge values were calculated for return periods up to 200 years. The 50-year discharge value was used with GIS, HEC-RAS, and HEC-GeoRAS to produce an inundation map of areas at risk of flooding
Flood is the most devastating environmental hazard throughout the world causing loss of precious human lives
and damage to infrastructure. They occur by unusual overflow of water over the banks of rivers or channels
thus inundating the surrounding area. The magnitude and intensity of floods depends on hydrological and
physical characteristics of the catchment and river channel. Adverse effects of these floods can be alleviated
through mapping of floodplain which is essentially the area around the channel which is likely to be flooded.
One of the methods of floodplain delineation is modeling the river flow using computer models such as the
Hydrologic Engineering Center River Analysis System (HEC-RAS). In this study the application of 2D HEC-RAS
river model is used to develop a floodplain map of river Kabul.
IRJET- Flood Susceptibility Assessment through GIS-Based Multi-Criteria Appro...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that assessed flood susceptibility in the Atalanti river basin in Central Greece using a GIS-based multi-criteria approach. The study considered various flood factors like rainfall intensity, flow accumulation, slope, land use, geology, soil type, distance from drainage network, topographic wetness index, and elevation. These factors were assigned weights using both ranking and analytical hierarchy process to produce flood susceptibility maps dividing the area into seven classes of susceptibility. The results showed that about 16% of the total area had the highest flood potential, mainly in the low-lying eastern plains, while about 43% had low flood potential in the northwestern and southwestern hilly areas as expected. The flood susceptibility mapping can
FLOOD FREQUENCY ANALYSIS FOR RIVER GAUGING STATION OF MEENACHIL RIVER, KOTTAY...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that performed flood frequency analysis on the Meenachil River in India. Four statistical techniques (Generalized Extreme Value, Log Pearson III, Gumbel Max, and Gaussian distribution) were evaluated to estimate flood peaks with return periods of 2, 10, 50, and 100 years using 34 years of daily discharge data from the Kidangoor gauging station. Goodness-of-fit tests indicated that the Gumbel Max distribution provided the best fit, followed by Log Pearson III, Generalized Extreme Value, and Gaussian distributions. The analysis found that the Gumbel Max distribution is suitable for predicting expected flood flows in the Meenachil River based on return period.
The document discusses mathematical modeling approaches for flood management using MIKE 11 software. It summarizes the hydrodynamic module of MIKE 11 which solves the Saint Venant equations of continuity and momentum for simulating unsteady river flows. The study developed a flood forecasting model for the Godavari River basin in India using MIKE 11. The model was calibrated and validated against field records of flood events, showing reasonable agreement between measured and computed river stages. This allows the model to provide accurate flood forecasts for rivers in the Godavari basin.
Mathematical modeling approach for flood managementprjpublications
This document summarizes the development of a mathematical model for flood management in the Godavari River basin in India using the MIKE 11 software. The model is calibrated using data from 2009-2011 and validated against data from 2012. Real-time validation is also conducted during floods in 2013. Results show good agreement between measured and computed river stages, indicating the model can accurately forecast river levels for flood management.
This document presents a combined geospatial and 2D flood modeling approach to assess flooding impacts from extreme rainfall events in the Tago River Basin in the Philippines. High resolution topography from LiDAR, land cover from Landsat images, and a 2D hydraulic model are used to simulate and map flooding from hypothetical rainfall events with return periods from 2 to 100 years. Flood hazard maps and exposure data from remote sensing are overlaid to estimate impacts on buildings, roads, bridges and land cover for each event. The results can help local authorities better understand flood risks and impacts to support disaster management and adaptation planning.
IRJET- Preparation of Flood Model and Hazard Estimation on Yamuna River (...IRJET Journal
1. The document describes a study that used GIS and remote sensing techniques to create flood models and estimate flood hazards along the Yamuna River in Delhi, India.
2. The study analyzed satellite imagery to identify flood-prone areas, calculate the extent of flooded areas during extreme events, and assess flood risks to infrastructure, agriculture lands, and urban areas.
3. The results indicated approximately 19.5 square kilometers of land within 500 meters of the Yamuna River boundary is affected by floods, including over 2.8 square kilometers of urban settlements and 2.1 square kilometers of forest area. Thematic maps were generated to visualize the flood risk to different geographical features.
URBAN FLOOD SUSCEPTIBILITY MAP OF CHENNAI - GIS AND RANDOM FOREST METHODIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that created an urban flood susceptibility map of Chennai, India using GIS and the random forest machine learning method. Eleven factors like elevation, land use, rainfall, and distance from rivers were used as inputs to the random forest model. 300 historic flood locations and 300 non-flood locations were collected and used to train and test the model. The random forest model achieved 95.5% accuracy in predicting flood locations. The output was used to classify the study area into low and high flood susceptibility zones to assist with flood management and mitigation.
IRJET- Hydrological Modeling of Penganga Sub-Basin using Arc-SWATIRJET Journal
This document discusses hydrological modeling of the Penganga sub-basin in India using the ArcSWAT model. It provides background on the hydrological cycle and importance of hydrological modeling. The study aims to simulate stream flow in the Penganga river to help water resource managers. Input data on soil, climate and land use were generated from GIS. The basin was delineated and hydrological response units were defined in ArcSWAT. The SWAT model was calibrated and validated, with results found to satisfactorily represent the hydrological regime of the sub-basin. The calibrated model can be used to inform future water resource management in the area.
The document discusses regional flood frequency analysis utilizing L-moments for the Narmada River Basin in India. It presents the methodology used, which includes calculating L-moments for annual peak flood data from 16 gauging sites in the basin to determine regional L-moment ratios. These ratios are used to estimate parameters of the Generalized Extreme Value distribution and develop a regional flood frequency relationship for the basin. Finally, a regional flood formula is created to estimate flood values at different return periods for ungauged sites based on catchment area.
Challenges in global flood hazard mappingIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on challenges in global flood hazard mapping. It discusses how global flood hazard assessment and resilience have become important due to climate change and human development impacting natural river flows. Global modeling of flood hazards requires large-scale hydrological models using global hydro-meteorological data and accounting for infrastructure. The document reviews studies using models like the Global Flood Awareness System (GloFAS) and reanalysis datasets to produce global flood hazard maps. It evaluates challenges in the availability of observational data and limitations of current models. Improving spatial and temporal resolution of satellite data and hydrological datasets is needed to better simulate floods globally.
IRJET- Flood Mitigation & Management for Godavari River at Nashik City by SWM...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on flood mitigation and management for the Godavari River in Nashik City, India using SWMM5 and QGIS modeling tools. Urbanization has increased flooding in the city by converting pervious land to impervious surfaces, reducing infiltration and increasing surface runoff. The study aims to develop flood exposure maps, simulate long-term water runoff quantity and quality, identify sub-catchments and impervious/pervious areas. SWMM5 is used to model rain barrels, rain gardens, permeable pavements and infiltration trenches to mitigate flooding. QGIS identifies low-lying areas suitable for stormwater collection. Land use/cover is classified and slope is derived from digital elevation data to determine
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
This academic paper describes using GIS techniques to map flood risk areas in the Lower Panjshir sub river basin of Afghanistan. The study integrated data on slope, rainfall, roads, population density, land use and elevation to identify areas at high, medium and low risk of flooding. The results showed 11484.09 hectares at high risk, 37339 hectares at medium risk and 31589 hectares at low risk. The flood risk map can help decision-makers implement mitigation measures and better manage land use to reduce flood impacts.
- The document analyzes the hydrological impacts of land-use and land-cover changes in the Ketar watershed in Ethiopia between 1986 and 2010.
- Land-use classifications using satellite images from 1986 and 2010 showed an expansion of agricultural land and settlements, and a reduction of forest and grassland areas.
- Hydrological modeling with SWAT found that mean monthly wet season flow increased 3.8% from 1986 to 2010, while mean monthly dry season flow decreased 12.3%, indicating changes to the watershed's hydrological processes due to land conversion.
- Continued conversion of marginal lands to agriculture as the population grows could further impact the watershed's hydrology and threaten livelihoods.
Since the recent development of UAVs(Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) and digital sensors technology has enabled the acquisition of high-resolution image data, it is considered that the image data of riverside can be analysed. Therefore, this study analyses the applicability of remote sensing techniques through image analysis in river systems and habitats. The target stream in this study was the Cheongmi stream and the applicability of the river environmental evaluation technique was analysed through image analysis. The satellite images used for the analysis of river topography and environments were compared with the aerial images taken by a micro UAV), and the river environmental evaluation was carried out with the field research at the same time. The data acquisition range and application limit by river environmental evaluation technique proposed previously were evaluated, and as a result, it was found that it was possible to draw various evaluation parameters using a drone that could take an image at a low altitude in comparison to satellite images.
This document discusses urban flood modeling that was conducted for Guwahati, India. It provides the following key details:
1. Urban flood modeling was conducted using hydrological modeling to compute flood hydrographs and hydraulic modeling to simulate flood inundation. Ground surveys were also conducted to develop flood hazard maps.
2. Modeling of past flood events in Guwahati showed floods occurring with daily rainfall peaks of 80-400mm. Specific zones like Rajgarh and Anil Nagar regularly experience flooding.
3. The modeling aims to establish flood thresholds to develop an urban flood forecasting system using radar rainfall estimates and hydrological modeling outputs. The end goal is early flood warning for disaster preparedness.
This document presents a study on managing floods in urban environments, using Bengaluru, India as a case study. It includes an abstract that discusses floods as natural disasters and increased urbanization leading to more frequent flooding. The introduction covers flooding as India's most common natural calamity and how urbanization is impacting drainage. The objectives are to study rainfall patterns, land use impacts, soil infiltration, and developing flood management strategies. The methodology involves literature reviews, hydrological studies, and structural and non-structural flood measures.
Similar to Floodplain Modelling Materials and Methodology (20)
Power System State Estimation - A ReviewIDES Editor
This document provides a review of power system state estimation techniques. It discusses both static and dynamic state estimation algorithms. For static state estimation, it covers weighted least squares, decoupled, and robust estimation methods. Weighted least squares is commonly used but can have numerical instability issues. Decoupled state estimation approximates the gain matrix for faster computation. Robust estimation uses M-estimators and other techniques to handle outliers and bad data. Dynamic state estimation applies Kalman filtering, leapfrog algorithms, and other methods to continuously monitor system states over time.
Artificial Intelligence Technique based Reactive Power Planning Incorporating...IDES Editor
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes using artificial intelligence techniques and FACTS controllers for reactive power planning in real-time power transmission systems. The paper formulates the reactive power planning problem and incorporates flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices like static VAR compensators (SVC), thyristor controlled series capacitors (TCSC), and unified power flow controllers (UPFC). Evolutionary algorithms like evolutionary programming (EP) and differential evolution (DE) are applied to find the optimal locations and settings of the FACTS controllers to minimize losses and costs. Simulation results on IEEE 30-bus and 72-bus Indian test systems show that UPFC performs best in reducing losses compared to SVC and TCSC.
Design and Performance Analysis of Genetic based PID-PSS with SVC in a Multi-...IDES Editor
Damping of power system oscillations with the help
of proposed optimal Proportional Integral Derivative Power
System Stabilizer (PID-PSS) and Static Var Compensator
(SVC)-based controllers are thoroughly investigated in this
paper. This study presents robust tuning of PID-PSS and
SVC-based controllers using Genetic Algorithms (GA) in
multi machine power systems by considering detailed model
of the generators (model 1.1). The effectiveness of FACTSbased
controllers in general and SVC-based controller in
particular depends upon their proper location. Modal
controllability and observability are used to locate SVC–based
controller. The performance of the proposed controllers is
compared with conventional lead-lag power system stabilizer
(CPSS) and demonstrated on 10 machines, 39 bus New England
test system. Simulation studies show that the proposed genetic
based PID-PSS with SVC based controller provides better
performance.
Optimal Placement of DG for Loss Reduction and Voltage Sag Mitigation in Radi...IDES Editor
This paper presents the need to operate the power
system economically and with optimum levels of voltages has
further led to an increase in interest in Distributed
Generation. In order to reduce the power losses and to improve
the voltage in the distribution system, distributed generators
(DGs) are connected to load bus. To reduce the total power
losses in the system, the most important process is to identify
the proper location for fixing and sizing of DGs. It presents a
new methodology using a new population based meta heuristic
approach namely Artificial Bee Colony algorithm(ABC) for
the placement of Distributed Generators(DG) in the radial
distribution systems to reduce the real power losses and to
improve the voltage profile, voltage sag mitigation. The power
loss reduction is important factor for utility companies because
it is directly proportional to the company benefits in a
competitive electricity market, while reaching the better power
quality standards is too important as it has vital effect on
customer orientation. In this paper an ABC algorithm is
developed to gain these goals all together. In order to evaluate
sag mitigation capability of the proposed algorithm, voltage
in voltage sensitive buses is investigated. An existing 20KV
network has been chosen as test network and results are
compared with the proposed method in the radial distribution
system.
Line Losses in the 14-Bus Power System Network using UPFCIDES Editor
Controlling power flow in modern power systems
can be made more flexible by the use of recent developments
in power electronic and computing control technology. The
Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) is a Flexible AC
transmission system (FACTS) device that can control all the
three system variables namely line reactance, magnitude and
phase angle difference of voltage across the line. The UPFC
provides a promising means to control power flow in modern
power systems. Essentially the performance depends on proper
control setting achievable through a power flow analysis
program. This paper presents a reliable method to meet the
requirements by developing a Newton-Raphson based load
flow calculation through which control settings of UPFC can
be determined for the pre-specified power flow between the
lines. The proposed method keeps Newton-Raphson Load Flow
(NRLF) algorithm intact and needs (little modification in the
Jacobian matrix). A MATLAB program has been developed to
calculate the control settings of UPFC and the power flow
between the lines after the load flow is converged. Case studies
have been performed on IEEE 5-bus system and 14-bus system
to show that the proposed method is effective. These studies
indicate that the method maintains the basic NRLF properties
such as fast computational speed, high degree of accuracy and
good convergence rate.
Study of Structural Behaviour of Gravity Dam with Various Features of Gallery...IDES Editor
The size and shape of opening in dam causes the
stress concentration, it also causes the stress variation in the
rest of the dam cross section. The gravity method of the analysis
does not consider the size of opening and the elastic property
of dam material. Thus the objective of study is comprises of
the Finite Element Method which considers the size of
opening, elastic property of material, and stress distribution
because of geometric discontinuity in cross section of dam.
Stress concentration inside the dam increases with the opening
in dam which results in the failure of dam. Hence it is
necessary to analyses large opening inside the dam. By making
the percentage area of opening constant and varying size and
shape of opening the analysis is carried out. For this purpose
a section of Koyna Dam is considered. Dam is defined as a
plane strain element in FEM, based on geometry and loading
condition. Thus this available information specified our path
of approach to carry out 2D plane strain analysis. The results
obtained are then compared mutually to get most efficient
way of providing large opening in the gravity dam.
Assessing Uncertainty of Pushover Analysis to Geometric ModelingIDES Editor
Pushover Analysis a popular tool for seismic
performance evaluation of existing and new structures and is
nonlinear Static procedure where in monotonically increasing
loads are applied to the structure till the structure is unable
to resist the further load .During the analysis, whatever the
strength of concrete and steel is adopted for analysis of
structure may not be the same when real structure is
constructed and the pushover analysis results are very sensitive
to material model adopted, geometric model adopted, location
of plastic hinges and in general to procedure followed by the
analyzer. In this paper attempt has been made to assess
uncertainty in pushover analysis results by considering user
defined hinges and frame modeled as bare frame and frame
with slab modeled as rigid diaphragm and results compared
with experimental observations. Uncertain parameters
considered includes the strength of concrete, strength of steel
and cover to the reinforcement which are randomly generated
and incorporated into the analysis. The results are then
compared with experimental observations.
Secure Multi-Party Negotiation: An Analysis for Electronic Payments in Mobile...IDES Editor
This document summarizes and analyzes secure multi-party negotiation protocols for electronic payments in mobile computing. It presents a framework for secure multi-party decision protocols using lightweight implementations. The main focus is on synchronizing security features to avoid agreement manipulation and reduce user traffic. The paper describes negotiation between an auctioneer and bidders, showing multiparty security is better than existing systems. It analyzes the performance of encryption algorithms like ECC, XTR, and RSA for use in the multiparty negotiation protocols.
Selfish Node Isolation & Incentivation using Progressive ThresholdsIDES Editor
The problems associated with selfish nodes in
MANET are addressed by a collaborative watchdog approach
which reduces the detection time for selfish nodes thereby
improves the performance and accuracy of watchdogs[1]. In
the related works they make use of credit based systems, reputation
based mechanisms, pathrater and watchdog mechanism
to detect such selfish nodes. In this paper we follow an approach
of collaborative watchdog which reduces the detection
time for selfish nodes and also involves the removal of such
selfish nodes based on some progressively assessed thresholds.
The threshold gives the nodes a chance to stop misbehaving
before it is permanently deleted from the network.
The node passes through several isolation processes before it
is permanently removed. Another version of AODV protocol
is used here which allows the simulation of selfish nodes in
NS2 by adding or modifying log files in the protocol.
Various OSI Layer Attacks and Countermeasure to Enhance the Performance of WS...IDES Editor
Wireless sensor networks are networks having non
wired infrastructure and dynamic topology. In OSI model each
layer is prone to various attacks, which halts the performance
of a network .In this paper several attacks on four layers of
OSI model are discussed and security mechanism is described
to prevent attack in network layer i.e wormhole attack. In
Wormhole attack two or more malicious nodes makes a covert
channel which attracts the traffic towards itself by depicting a
low latency link and then start dropping and replaying packets
in the multi-path route. This paper proposes promiscuous mode
method to detect and isolate the malicious node during
wormhole attack by using Ad-hoc on demand distance vector
routing protocol (AODV) with omnidirectional antenna. The
methodology implemented notifies that the nodes which are
not participating in multi-path routing generates an alarm
message during delay and then detects and isolate the
malicious node from network. We also notice that not only
the same kind of attacks but also the same kind of
countermeasures can appear in multiple layer. For example,
misbehavior detection techniques can be applied to almost all
the layers we discussed.
Responsive Parameter based an AntiWorm Approach to Prevent Wormhole Attack in...IDES Editor
The recent advancements in the wireless technology
and their wide-spread deployment have made remarkable
enhancements in efficiency in the corporate and industrial
and Military sectors The increasing popularity and usage of
wireless technology is creating a need for more secure wireless
Ad hoc networks. This paper aims researched and developed
a new protocol that prevents wormhole attacks on a ad hoc
network. A few existing protocols detect wormhole attacks but
they require highly specialized equipment not found on most
wireless devices. This paper aims to develop a defense against
wormhole attacks as an Anti-worm protocol which is based on
responsive parameters, that does not require as a significant
amount of specialized equipment, trick clock synchronization,
no GPS dependencies.
Cloud Security and Data Integrity with Client Accountability FrameworkIDES Editor
This document summarizes a proposed cloud security and data integrity framework that provides client accountability. The framework aims to address issues like lack of user control over cloud data, need for data transparency and tracking, and ensuring data integrity. It proposes using JAR (Java Archive) files for data sharing due to benefits like portability. The framework incorporates client-side verification using MD5 hashing, digital signature-based authentication of JAR files, and use of HMAC to ensure data integrity. It also uses password-based encryption of log files to keep them tamper-proof. The framework is intended to provide both accountability and security for data sharing in cloud environments.
Genetic Algorithm based Layered Detection and Defense of HTTP BotnetIDES Editor
A System state in HTTP botnet uses HTTP protocol
for the creation of chain of Botnets thereby compromising
other systems. By using HTTP protocol and port number 80,
attacks can not only be hidden but also pass through the
firewall without being detected. The DPR based detection
leads to better analysis of botnet attacks [3]. However, it
provides only probabilistic detection of the attacker and also
time consuming and error prone. This paper proposes a Genetic
algorithm based layered approach for detecting as well as
preventing botnet attacks. The paper reviews p2p firewall
implementation which forms the basis of filtering.
Performance evaluation is done based on precision, F-value
and probability. Layered approach reduces the computation
and overall time requirement [7]. Genetic algorithm promises
a low false positive rate.
Enhancing Data Storage Security in Cloud Computing Through SteganographyIDES Editor
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a method for enhancing data security in cloud computing through steganography. The method hides user data in digital images stored on cloud servers. When data needs to be accessed, it is extracted from the images. The document outlines the cloud architecture and security issues addressed. It then describes the proposed system architecture, security model, and data storage and retrieval process. Data is partitioned and hidden in multiple images to improve security. The goal is to prevent unauthorized access to user data stored on cloud servers.
The main tasks of a Wireless Sensor Network
(WSN) are data collection from its nodes and communication
of this data to the base station (BS). The protocols used for
communication among the WSN nodes and between the WSN
and the BS, must consider the resource constraints of nodes,
battery energy, computational capabilities and memory. The
WSN applications involve unattended operation of the network
over an extended period of time. In order to extend the lifetime
of a WSN, efficient routing protocols need to be adopted. The
proposed low power routing protocol based on tree-based
network structure reliably forwards the measured data towards
the BS using TDMA. An energy consumption analysis of the
WSN making use of this protocol is also carried out. It is
found that the network is energy efficient with an average
duty cycle of 0:7% for the WSN nodes. The OmNET++
simulation platform along with MiXiM framework is made
use of.
Permutation of Pixels within the Shares of Visual Cryptography using KBRP for...IDES Editor
The security of authentication of internet based
co-banking services should not be susceptible to high risks.
The passwords are highly vulnerable to virus attacks due to
the lack of high end embedding of security methods. In order
for the passwords to be more secure, people are generally
compelled to select jumbled up character based passwords
which are not only less memorable but are also equally prone
to insecurity. Multiple use of distributed shares has been
studied to solve the problem of authentication by algorithms
based on thresholding of pixels in image processing and visual
cryptography concepts where the subset of shares is considered
for the recovery of the original image for authentication using
correlation function[1][2].The main disadvantage in the above
study is the plain storage of shares and also one of the shares
is being supplied to the customer, which will lead to the
possibility of misuse by a third party. This paper proposes a
technique for scrambling of pixels by key based random
permutation (KBRP) within the shares before the
authentication has been attempted. Total number of shares to
be created is dependent on the multiplicity of ownership of
the account. By this method the problem of uncertainty among
the customers with regard to security, storage, retrieval of
holding of half of the shares is minimized.
This paper presents a trifocal Rotman Lens Design
approach. The effects of focal ratio and element spacing on
the performance of Rotman Lens are described. A three beam
prototype feeding 4 element antenna array working in L-band
has been simulated using RLD v1.7 software. Simulated
results show that the simulated lens has a return loss of –
12.4dB at 1.8GHz. Beam to array port phase error variation
with change in the focal ratio and element spacing has also
been investigated.
Band Clustering for the Lossless Compression of AVIRIS Hyperspectral ImagesIDES Editor
Hyperspectral images can be efficiently compressed
through a linear predictive model, as for example the one
used in the SLSQ algorithm. In this paper we exploit this
predictive model on the AVIRIS images by individuating,
through an off-line approach, a common subset of bands, which
are not spectrally related with any other bands. These bands
are not useful as prediction reference for the SLSQ 3-D
predictive model and we need to encode them via other
prediction strategies which consider only spatial correlation.
We have obtained this subset by clustering the AVIRIS bands
via the clustering by compression approach. The main result
of this paper is the list of the bands, not related with the
others, for AVIRIS images. The clustering trees obtained for
AVIRIS and the relationship among bands they depict is also
an interesting starting point for future research.
Microelectronic Circuit Analogous to Hydrogen Bonding Network in Active Site ...IDES Editor
A microelectronic circuit of block-elements
functionally analogous to two hydrogen bonding networks is
investigated. The hydrogen bonding networks are extracted
from â-lactamase protein and are formed in its active site.
Each hydrogen bond of the network is described in equivalent
electrical circuit by three or four-terminal block-element.
Each block-element is coded in Matlab. Static and dynamic
analyses are performed. The resultant microelectronic circuit
analogous to the hydrogen bonding network operates as
current mirror, sine pulse source, triangular pulse source as
well as signal modulator.
Texture Unit based Monocular Real-world Scene Classification using SOM and KN...IDES Editor
In this paper a method is proposed to discriminate
real world scenes in to natural and manmade scenes of similar
depth. Global-roughness of a scene image varies as a function
of image-depth. Increase in image depth leads to increase in
roughness in manmade scenes; on the contrary natural scenes
exhibit smooth behavior at higher image depth. This particular
arrangement of pixels in scene structure can be well explained
by local texture information in a pixel and its neighborhood.
Our proposed method analyses local texture information of a
scene image using texture unit matrix. For final classification
we have used both supervised and unsupervised learning using
K-Nearest Neighbor classifier (KNN) and Self Organizing
Map (SOM) respectively. This technique is useful for online
classification due to very less computational complexity.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
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