Introduction &definition
a) Nanotechnology
b) Nanobiotechnology
History
Terms related to Nanotechnology
Nanoscale technology
Some Nanoscale related terms
What are Nanosensors
How nanosensors work
DNA Nanotechnology
How Nanotechnology works in different fields
Advantages & application of Nanotechnology
Disadvantages
Conclusion
References
Introduction
Definition
History
Advantages of nanobiotechnology
Applications of nanobiotechnology
Drawback of nanobiotechnology
New features in the nanobiotechnology
Conclusion
References
DNA Nanotechnology: Concept and its Applications
DNA Nanotechnology # Various 2 and 3 dimensional shapes of DNA nanotechnology # DNA Origami # with their application and Future scope
introduction to Nanobiotechnology
what is nanotechnology
bionanotechnology
classical biotechnology industrial production using biological system
modern biotechnology from industrial processes to noval therapeutics
modern biotechnology immunological enzymatic and neucleic acid based technology
Dna based technology
self assembly and supramolecular chemistry
formation of ordered structure at nano scale
Introduction
Definition
History
Advantages of nanobiotechnology
Applications of nanobiotechnology
Drawback of nanobiotechnology
New features in the nanobiotechnology
Conclusion
References
DNA Nanotechnology: Concept and its Applications
DNA Nanotechnology # Various 2 and 3 dimensional shapes of DNA nanotechnology # DNA Origami # with their application and Future scope
introduction to Nanobiotechnology
what is nanotechnology
bionanotechnology
classical biotechnology industrial production using biological system
modern biotechnology from industrial processes to noval therapeutics
modern biotechnology immunological enzymatic and neucleic acid based technology
Dna based technology
self assembly and supramolecular chemistry
formation of ordered structure at nano scale
A part of nanotechnology. Nanosensors is very hot topic for research. As nanosensor has immense applications in the fields like medical, analysis, research etc. Nanosensor recude the cost and also the time require for analysis.
This PPT is about Nano-Biotechnology and its applications.
This presentation Secured 2nd Prize in State level competition on the Topic of EMERGING TECHNOLOGY IN COMPUTER SCIENCE conducted at S.V.D. Government Degree College for Women, Nidadavolu.
This Small PowerPoint Presentation is given by P.Nikhil, D.Dhanunjaya Rao from Government College, Rajahmundry.
Hope it is useful for future Generation.
Thank You.
This presentation is a simple explain of Bionanoimaging which introduce this area completely. You can use this PPTx File to present in your class and seminars as well. I prepare this file to present in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences when I was a MSc Medical Nanotechnology student. It will be useful for you too.
'Nano', a Greek word that means 'dwarf’.
The word 'nano' is used to refer to 10-9 or a billionth part of one meter.
The term 'Nanotechnology' was first defined by Taniguchi of the Tokyo Science University in 1974.
It is generally used for materials of size between 1 to 100 nm.• They are also referred to as Nanoparticles.
In Nanotechnology, a particle is a small object that behaves as a unit with respect to its transport and properties.
The following presentation is only for quick reference. I would advise you to read the theoretical aspects of the respective topic and then use this presentation for your last minute revision. I hope it helps you..!!
Mayur D. Chauhan
Protein based nanostructures for biomedical applications karoline Enoch
Proteins are kind of natural molecules that show unique
functionalities and properties in biological materials and
manufacturing feld. Tere are numerous nanomaterials
which are derived from protein, albumin, and gelatin. Tese
nanoparticles have promising properties like biodegradability, nonantigenicity, metabolizable, surface modifer, greater
stability during in vivo during storage, and being relatively
easy to prepare and monitor the size of the particles.
These particles have the ability to attach covalently with
drug and ligand
Nanomaterials in biomedical applicationsumeet sharma
An introduction to emerging technology in medicinal science, "nanodrugs" a fruitful combination of nano-science and medical science. In this presentation, use of nano shells for delivery of drugs to targeted cancer cells has been explained. along with In Vivo and In Vitro studies on use of nanomaterials for biomedical application. For any information please feel free to contact me or refer to the references.
A part of nanotechnology. Nanosensors is very hot topic for research. As nanosensor has immense applications in the fields like medical, analysis, research etc. Nanosensor recude the cost and also the time require for analysis.
This PPT is about Nano-Biotechnology and its applications.
This presentation Secured 2nd Prize in State level competition on the Topic of EMERGING TECHNOLOGY IN COMPUTER SCIENCE conducted at S.V.D. Government Degree College for Women, Nidadavolu.
This Small PowerPoint Presentation is given by P.Nikhil, D.Dhanunjaya Rao from Government College, Rajahmundry.
Hope it is useful for future Generation.
Thank You.
This presentation is a simple explain of Bionanoimaging which introduce this area completely. You can use this PPTx File to present in your class and seminars as well. I prepare this file to present in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences when I was a MSc Medical Nanotechnology student. It will be useful for you too.
'Nano', a Greek word that means 'dwarf’.
The word 'nano' is used to refer to 10-9 or a billionth part of one meter.
The term 'Nanotechnology' was first defined by Taniguchi of the Tokyo Science University in 1974.
It is generally used for materials of size between 1 to 100 nm.• They are also referred to as Nanoparticles.
In Nanotechnology, a particle is a small object that behaves as a unit with respect to its transport and properties.
The following presentation is only for quick reference. I would advise you to read the theoretical aspects of the respective topic and then use this presentation for your last minute revision. I hope it helps you..!!
Mayur D. Chauhan
Protein based nanostructures for biomedical applications karoline Enoch
Proteins are kind of natural molecules that show unique
functionalities and properties in biological materials and
manufacturing feld. Tere are numerous nanomaterials
which are derived from protein, albumin, and gelatin. Tese
nanoparticles have promising properties like biodegradability, nonantigenicity, metabolizable, surface modifer, greater
stability during in vivo during storage, and being relatively
easy to prepare and monitor the size of the particles.
These particles have the ability to attach covalently with
drug and ligand
Nanomaterials in biomedical applicationsumeet sharma
An introduction to emerging technology in medicinal science, "nanodrugs" a fruitful combination of nano-science and medical science. In this presentation, use of nano shells for delivery of drugs to targeted cancer cells has been explained. along with In Vivo and In Vitro studies on use of nanomaterials for biomedical application. For any information please feel free to contact me or refer to the references.
Nano-technology (Biology, Chemistry, and Physics applied)Muhammad Yossi
Nano-science involves research to discover new behaviors and properties of materials with dimensions at the nanoscale which ranges roughly from 1 to 100 nanometers(nm). Nanotechnology is the way discoveries made at the nanoscale are put to work. Nanotechnology is more than throwing together a batch of nanoscale materials - it requires the ability to manipulate and control those materials in a useful way. This slides contain a bit of History of Nanotechnology, The Application of Nanotechnology from the Previouses Centuries, The Applications of Nanotechnology in the Next Generation, The Advantages and The Disadvantages.
This slide is basically on Nanotech. I've given presentation on "Nanotech" in 192 semester. I've tried my best to shown that how this tech work, what are the features, what is the future of this tech. I've also added a video footage at the starting of the slide. Hope you like it. Thank you.
Stay tuned.
Nanotechnology is a field that deals with things at molecular level that is as tiny as 10^(-9) of units and finds very useful implementations from cleaning clothes to curing the "incurable"--CANCER.
Evolution of nanotechnology in electronics (seminar report) -codewithgauriGaurav Pandey
Nanotechnology is engineering and manufacturing at the molecular scale, thereby taking more advantage of the unique properties that exist at that scale.
A Nanometre is a unit of length in the metric system, equal to one billionth of a metre(10-9).Can be used across all the other science fields, such as chemistry, biology, physics, materials science, and engineering.
www.blog.codewithgauri.tech
NANOMATERIALS AND NANOTECHNOLOGY: FUTURE EMERGING TECHNOLOGYIAEME Publication
This paper focuses on the problem of minimizing com plex electronic circuits to scale of 10-9 m (1 nano meter) thus helping in the process of fas t operation, better performance, low cost, reliability, simple in size and easy to fabricate. The materials which are used in the manufacturing o f nano electronic devices are commonly called as nano materials. The use of nano materials led to design and development of nano devices which ease t he process of design of logic circuits. The applications of nano technology include medical, en gineering and pure as well as applied sciences. In this paper, a detailed study of how the differen t nano materials are manufactured and how the manufacturing of nano electronic devices is done is clearly described. This paper illustrates the need for nano technology in modern era and facilitates t he use of nano technology as a prerequisite for the development of modern engineering technology.
The Nano World - STS Report Group 3 | CLDH - EI
Aslie Ace Pacete
Cheska Oga
Francis Gabriel Oliberos
Joyce Anne Orfiana
Luigi Sam Policarpio
Nico Co Navarro
Patricia Reyes
Introduction
History
Tumor suppressor gene- pRB
- RB gene
- Role of RB in regulation of cell cycle
- Tumor associated with RB gene mutation
Tumor suppressor gene- p53
- What is p53 gene?
- Function of p53 gene
- How it regulates cell cycle
- What happen if p53 gene inactivated
- Cancer associated with p53 mutation
- Conclusion
- References
Introduction
Definition
History
Two hit hypothesis
Functions
Mutation in tumor suppressor genes
What is mutation
Inherited mutation of TSGs
Acquired mutation of TSGs
What is Oncogenes?
TSGs and Oncogenes : Brakes and accelerators
Stop and go signal
Examples of TSGs:
RB-The retinoblastoma gene
P53 protein
TSGs &cell suicide
Conclusion
References
Introduction
Protein synthesis
Synthesis of secretory proteins on membrane-bound ribosomes
Processing of newly synthesized proteins in the ER
Synthesis of integral membrane protein on membrane bound ribosomes
Maintenance of membrane asymmetry
Conclusion
Reference
Introduction
Definition
Factors required for Translation
Formation of aminoacyl t-RNA
1)Activation of amino acid
2) Transfer of amino acid to t-RNA
Translation involves following steps:-
1)Initiation
2)Elongation
3)Termination
Conclusion
Reference
Introduction
Definition
History
central dogma
Major components
mRNA,tRNA,rRNA
Energy source
Amino acids
Protien factor
Enzymes
Inorganic ions
Step involves in translation:
Aminoacylation of tRNA
Initiation
Elongation
termination
Importance of translation
Conclusion
Reference
Introduction
Protein modifications
Folding
Chaperon mediated
Enzymatic
Cleavage
Addition of functional groups
Chemical groups
Hydrophobic groups
Proteolysis
Conclusion
Reference
INTRODUCTION
HISTORY
WHAT IS TRANSCRIPTION
PROKARYOTIC TRANSCRIPTION
STEPS OF TRANSCRIPTION
HOW TRANSCRIPTION OCCURS
PROCESS OF TRANSCRIPTION
Initiation
Elongation
Termination
CONCLUSION
REFRENCES
Enzyme Kinetics and thermodynamic analysisKAUSHAL SAHU
Introduction
Kinetics and thermodynamicSG
Thermodynamic in enzymatic reactions
balanced equations in chemical reactions
changes in free energy determine the direction & equilibrium state of chemical reactions
the rates of reactions
Factors effecting enzymatic activity
(i) Enzyme concentration.
(ii) Substrate concentration.
(iii)Temperature
(iv) pH.
(v) Activators.
(vi)Inhibitors
Michaelis-menten equation
CONCLUSIONS
REFERENECES
Recepter mediated endocytosis by kk ashuKAUSHAL SAHU
INTRODUCTION
DEFINITION OF RECEPTOR MEDIATED ENDOCYTOSIS
WHAT TYPE OF LIGANDS ENTER BY RME?
FORMATION OF CLATHRIN-COATED VESICLES
TRISKELIONS
ROLE OF DYNAMIN IN THE FORMATION OF CLATHRIN-COATED VESICLES
ROLE OF PHOSPHOLIPIDS IN THE FORMATION OF COATED VESICLES
ENDOCYTIC PATHWAY
LDLs AND CHOLESTROL METABOLISM
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
The delivery of newly synthesized protein to their proper cellular destination, usually referred to as protein targeting or sorting.
The mode of protein transport depends chiefly on the location in the cell cytoplasm of the polysomes involved in protein synthesis.
There are two modes of protein sorting:-
1) Co - translational Transportation.
2) Post - translational Transportation.
Prokaryotic translation machinery by kk KAUSHAL SAHU
Introduction
Definition
Factors required for Translation
Formation of aminoacyl t-RNA
1)Activation of amino acid
2) Transfer of amino acid to t-RNA
Translation involves following steps:-
1)Initiation
2)Elongation
3)Termination
Conclusion
Reference
Cancer cell metabolism: special Reference to Lactate PathwayAADYARAJPANDEY1
Normal Cell Metabolism:
Cellular respiration describes the series of steps that cells use to break down sugar and other chemicals to get the energy we need to function.
Energy is stored in the bonds of glucose and when glucose is broken down, much of that energy is released.
Cell utilize energy in the form of ATP.
The first step of respiration is called glycolysis. In a series of steps, glycolysis breaks glucose into two smaller molecules - a chemical called pyruvate. A small amount of ATP is formed during this process.
Most healthy cells continue the breakdown in a second process, called the Kreb's cycle. The Kreb's cycle allows cells to “burn” the pyruvates made in glycolysis to get more ATP.
The last step in the breakdown of glucose is called oxidative phosphorylation (Ox-Phos).
It takes place in specialized cell structures called mitochondria. This process produces a large amount of ATP. Importantly, cells need oxygen to complete oxidative phosphorylation.
If a cell completes only glycolysis, only 2 molecules of ATP are made per glucose. However, if the cell completes the entire respiration process (glycolysis - Kreb's - oxidative phosphorylation), about 36 molecules of ATP are created, giving it much more energy to use.
IN CANCER CELL:
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
introduction to WARBERG PHENOMENA:
WARBURG EFFECT Usually, cancer cells are highly glycolytic (glucose addiction) and take up more glucose than do normal cells from outside.
Otto Heinrich Warburg (; 8 October 1883 – 1 August 1970) In 1931 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology for his "discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme.
WARNBURG EFFECT : cancer cells under aerobic (well-oxygenated) conditions to metabolize glucose to lactate (aerobic glycolysis) is known as the Warburg effect. Warburg made the observation that tumor slices consume glucose and secrete lactate at a higher rate than normal tissues.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
The increased availability of biomedical data, particularly in the public domain, offers the opportunity to better understand human health and to develop effective therapeutics for a wide range of unmet medical needs. However, data scientists remain stymied by the fact that data remain hard to find and to productively reuse because data and their metadata i) are wholly inaccessible, ii) are in non-standard or incompatible representations, iii) do not conform to community standards, and iv) have unclear or highly restricted terms and conditions that preclude legitimate reuse. These limitations require a rethink on data can be made machine and AI-ready - the key motivation behind the FAIR Guiding Principles. Concurrently, while recent efforts have explored the use of deep learning to fuse disparate data into predictive models for a wide range of biomedical applications, these models often fail even when the correct answer is already known, and fail to explain individual predictions in terms that data scientists can appreciate. These limitations suggest that new methods to produce practical artificial intelligence are still needed.
In this talk, I will discuss our work in (1) building an integrative knowledge infrastructure to prepare FAIR and "AI-ready" data and services along with (2) neurosymbolic AI methods to improve the quality of predictions and to generate plausible explanations. Attention is given to standards, platforms, and methods to wrangle knowledge into simple, but effective semantic and latent representations, and to make these available into standards-compliant and discoverable interfaces that can be used in model building, validation, and explanation. Our work, and those of others in the field, creates a baseline for building trustworthy and easy to deploy AI models in biomedicine.
Bio
Dr. Michel Dumontier is the Distinguished Professor of Data Science at Maastricht University, founder and executive director of the Institute of Data Science, and co-founder of the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) data principles. His research explores socio-technological approaches for responsible discovery science, which includes collaborative multi-modal knowledge graphs, privacy-preserving distributed data mining, and AI methods for drug discovery and personalized medicine. His work is supported through the Dutch National Research Agenda, the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research, Horizon Europe, the European Open Science Cloud, the US National Institutes of Health, and a Marie-Curie Innovative Training Network. He is the editor-in-chief for the journal Data Science and is internationally recognized for his contributions in bioinformatics, biomedical informatics, and semantic technologies including ontologies and linked data.
Richard's entangled aventures in wonderlandRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
1. By
KAUSHAL KUMAR SAHU
Assistant Professor (Ad Hoc)
Department of Biotechnology
Govt. Digvijay Autonomous P. G. College
Raj-Nandgaon ( C. G. )
2. Synopsis
Introduction &definition
a) Nanotechnology
b) Nanobiotechnology
History
Terms related to Nanotechnology
Nanoscale technology
Some Nanoscale related terms
What are Nanosensors
How nanosensors work
DNA Nanotechnology
How Nanotechnology works in different fields
Advantages & application of Nanotechnology
Disadvantages
Conclusion
References
3. 1)INTRODUCTION
Nanotechnology:
Nanotechnology is the creation of functional materials,
devices and systems through control of matter on the
nanometer length scale (1-100 nanometers), and exploitation
of novel phenomena and properties (physical, chemical,
biological, mechanical, electrical...) at that length scale.
For comparison, 10 nanometers is 1000 times smaller than
the diameter of a human hair.
Various nano-fields have emerged: nanomedicine,
nanoengineering, nanoagriculture, and many more.
4. Definition:
Nanotechnology is defined as the study and use of structures
between 1 nanometer and 100 nanometers in size.
or
Nanotechnology is the study of phenomena and fine-tuning of
materials at atomic, molecular and macromolecular scales,
where properties differ significantly from those at a larger
scale.
5. Nanobiotechnology :
Nanobiotechnology is that branch of nanotechnology that
deals with biological and biochemical applications or uses.
Nanobiotechnology often studies existing elements of living
organisms and nature to fabricate new nano-devices. .
Generally, nanobiotechnology refers to the use of
nanotechnology to further the goals of biotechnology.
6. Definition
Nanobiotechnology refers to the ways that nanotechnology is
used to create devices to study biological systems.
Or
Nanobiotechnology is an area of scientific and technological
opportunity that applies the tools and processes of
nanofabrication to advance research in life sciences.
7. 2)Historical background
1974-Taniguchi uses term "nano-technology" in paper on ion-
sputter machining.
1977-Drexler originates molecular nanotechnology concepts
at MIT.
1985-Buckyball discovered.
1991-Carbon nanotube discovered by S.Iijima.
1996-NASA begins work in computational nanotech.
1998-First DNA-based nanomechanical device.
2009-Structural DNA nanotechnology arrays devices to
capture molecular building blocks.
2010-DNA-based 'robotic' assembly begins.
2011-First programmable nanowire circuits for
nanoprocessors.
8. 3)some common terms related to nanotechnology and
its applications:
nanoscale — The scale of measurement to the atomic and
molecular size, normally 1 to 100 nanometers. A nanometer
(nm) is one-billionth of a meter — smaller than the
wavelength of visible light and a hundred-thousandth the
width of an average human hair.
Nanowires - Nanowires are wires with a very small diameter,
sometimes as small as 1 nanometer.
Nanoparticles: any particle less than 100 nm.
Nanomaterials : They contain nanoparticles, smaller than
100 nanometres in at least one dimension.
buckyball — Buckminsterfullerene C60, also known as the
“buckyball,”
9. Nanotube
Based on carbon or other elements, these systems consist of
graphitic layers seamlessly shaped into cylinders.
Carbon nanotubes are found in 1985.Fullerenes played vital role in
discovery of carbon nanotubes. The molecule discovered was
named as C60.
Properties :
Highest strength and stiffness.
Easy penetration in the cellular structures
Unique and outstanding electronic properties.
Uses :-Breast Cancer Tumor Destruction
Air Craft Stress Reduction
Wind Mill Blades
bullet-proof jacket
10. Atomic force microscope (AFM) or scanning force
microscope (SFM)
A high-resolution type of scanning probe microscope with a
demonstrated resolution of fractions of a nanometer,
electron beam lithography — Electron beam lithography
(often abbreviated as e-beam lithography) is the practice of
using a beam of electrons to generate patterns on a surface.
Nanomedicine — the application of nanotechnology to the
prevention and treatment of disease in the human body.
11. 4) Nanoscale technology:
Nanoscale: Size range from approximately from 1 nm to 100
nm.
Nanoscale technology is a branch of nanotechnology in
which standard size tools are used to manufacture simple
structures and devices with dimensions on the order of a few
nanometer or less, where one nanometer (1 nm) is equal to a
billionth of a meter (10 -9 m).
Some Nanoscale Related Terms:
Crossbar latch
Spintronics
Graphene transistor
12.
13. 5)What are Nanosensors?
Another wonderful invention of nanotechnology are
nanosensors these are biological ,chemical or surgical
sensory edges or points which are used to detect and transfer
nano particle information to the other devices such as
microscopic/macroscopic world.
How nanosensors works?
Nanosensors works with there special sentation ability which
can detect information and data .
There arrangement is like ordinary sensors but the major
difference between sensors and nanosensors is that nano
sensors are developed at nanoscalae which makes them
distinguished from ordinary ones.
14. Example:
The most famous example of nanosensors which includes
use of flourescence characteristics of cadmium selenide
quantum dots to discover tumor in the body.
These small dots are injected in the infected area of the
human body,so doctors could determine the exact stage of
cancer or tumor.
Types of nanosensors
There are many types of nanosensors such as:
Chemical nanosensors
Synthetic nanosensors
15. DNA Nanotechnology
Its a branch of sceinces which deals direclty with the atomic
particles of any substance.They are used to design
appropriate and desired structure which can be controlled at
any given point.
DNA nanotechnology uses of DNA building blocks to
develop new complex DNA structures with powerful
characteristics. DNA is usually a straight and smooth
molecule, whose total axis is unbranched. but DNA particles
having junctions can also be created.
16. Design approaches of Dna nanotechnology:
There are several approaches in which DNA strcutures can be
designed some of them are listed below:
Tile-based structural Approach
Folding structural approach
Kinetic assembling
Sequence design
17. Applications of DNA Nanotechnology:
DNA nanotechnology focuses the development of new
molecular arrangments with enhanced characteristcics along
with modified structures .
They are used in many important work areas wherer this
technology is facilitating the world.Kidney trackers,
molecular match makers, mahicnes for managing the
nuclear reactions all are the applications of DNA
nanotechnology.
The most important advantage of DNA technology is in the
curing of fatal diseases.
18. Advantages & application of Nanotechnology :
Medical application :
1)Nonomedicine
There is a huge range of Nanomedicine devices which involves
medical applications of nanomaterials, nanoelectronic biosensors.
One of the biggest advantage of naonoemdicne is that it can
transform common medical procedures into faster one with 90
percent accuracy rate. Some of the examples of such implicational
procedures are given below:
Diagnosis using nanomedicine
Nervous system tracking
Drugs dispersion.
Tissue engineering
Heart and ECG machine.
19. Artificial antibodies.
Drug Delivery
2) Shaping memory materials
3)Use of nanomaterials for water purification
4) Miniaturizing mechanical surgery
20. Disadvantages of nanotechnology
Nanoparticles and breathing.
Nanoparticles due to there their small size can cause inhalation
problem and many other fatal diseases. by just inhaling for
60 seconds in the air contain nano particles can damage lungs
easily.
Surgeries with nano lasers
Sometimes surgeries with laser beams with extremely tiny
particles it could become the cause of skin cancer in human as
it revitalize and recover the dead human skin artificially.
Working with nanotechnology is quite risky also.
Nanotechnology has raised the standard of living but at the same
time, it has increased the pollution, which includes water
pollution, air pollution. The pollution caused by nanotechnology
is known as nano pollution. This kind of pollution is very
dangerous for living organisms.
21. Nanotechnology Today
Nanotechnology is currently used in such fields as display
technology for laptop computers, cell phones, and digital
cameras, and in water filtration.
Current medical uses of nanotechnology include:
burn and wound dressings
a dental-bonding agent
sunscreens
protective and glare-reducing coatings for eyeglasses
22. Nanotechnology Research Centers In India
Nanotechnology
Research Center
Location Year Of Estb. Objective
Bhabha Atomic
Research Center
Mumbai 1954 To fulfill its mandate
of indigenous
nuclear power
programme and
various other
applications of
nuclear energy, etc.
Central Electronics
Research Institute
Rajasthan 1953 Advanced research
and development in
Electronics.
Indian Association
for the Cultivation of
Sciences (IACS)
kolkata 1876 To foster high quality
fundamental
research in frontier
disciplines of the
basic sciences.
Solid State Physics
Laboratory
Delhi 1962 research in the field
of Solid State
23. Conclusion:
If we talk about the most successful technology till now in
the world of scientific industry then nanotechnology is the
name which blinks in the mind. This technology has
wonderful features, which are not present in any other
technology. The phenomenas, which were not possible few
years back, are now easily implemented with the help of
nanaotechnology.
Nanobiotechnology is a rapidly advancing area of scientific
&technological opportunity that applies the tools and
processes of Nanotechnology to build devices for studying
biosystems.