This document provides an overview of nanobiotechnology. It discusses how nanobiotechnology uses biological materials at the nanoscale and has applications in fields like bioengineering and medicine. Some key areas discussed include nanopores that can characterize nanoscale cell structures and functions, nanoparticles and nanomaterials like liposomes and dendrimers that have uses in drug delivery and imaging, and the benefits of nanotechnology for applications in areas such as biomedical imaging, drug delivery, and biosensing. However, the document also notes that the safety of nanotechnology needs further study.

2. By
KHADIJAH ZAMAN
Reg. #:1429-314001
BS BIOTECHNOLOGY
BIOLOGY-II
PRESENTEDTO:
DR.NADEEM KHALID

3. 
Contents
 ABSTRACT
 INTRODUCTION
 NANOSCALE
 TIMEFRAME OF NANOBIOTECH
 BIOLOGICAL PORES
 NANOMEDICINE
 NANOPARTICLES AND MATERIALS
 NANO BENEFITS
 NANO SAFETY

4. 
Abstract
• NanoBiotechnology is a division of
nanotechnology which uses (nanoscale) biological
starting materials, and it keeps exciting opportunities
to bring high-impact advances in the field of
bioengineering and medicine.
• Hence it is the combination of two most progressive
fields: Nanotechnology and Biotechnology

5. 
Continued…
• Bionanotechnology offers the ability to provide insight
into the structural features of biological systems such as cell or
tissue as well as to develop nanobiomaterials/ medical units for
diagnostics, therapeutics and tissue regeneration.
• Ongoing work on bionanotechnology includes development of
Nanoprobes that can characterize the nanoscale structure
and function of cells.

6.  Nano – A prefix meaning Dwarf
 Simply meaning One Billionth.
 1 Nano = 1 Billion
 Nanometer: Billionth part of a meter
 Nanosecond: Billionth part of a second
 Idea was presented by Richard Feynmen
 3 important “Nano” terms
 Nanoscale
 Nanoscience
 Nanotechnology
Introduction to NANO…
This is how Nano is
represented
mathematically. Ten
to the negative 9th
equals one billionth
or 1/1,000,000,000.

7.  We can get an idea through
comparison
 The average page is about
100,000 nanometers thick.
 A very fine human hair is
about 10,000 nanometers
wide.
 Width of DNA molecule is
2.5nm and glucose is just
below 1nm in size
How small is Nano?…

8. 
 So what should be the proper range of the
“Nanoscale”??
 1-100 nanometers, The Nanoscale.
 Anything below 100nm is part of the Nanoscale.
The Nanoscale

9. • “Nano” means dwarf in Greek
• Nanocsale : 1 nm = 1 x 10-9 m
Water
molecule
Nanodevices
Nanopores
Dendrimers
Nanotubes
Quantum dots
Nanoshells
White
blood cell
Tennis ball

10. 
 Working with materials, devices, and other
structures with at least one dimension lying between
the Nanoscale range.
 It is the understanding and control of matter at
dimensions of roughly 1 to 100 nanometers.
Nanotechnology

12. 
Nanobiotechnology
 A rapidly developing area of scientific and
technological opportunity for studying biosystems
using the tools and processes of
micro/nanofabrication.
 Also regarded as the area of study where
nanotechnology has applications in the field of
biology and medical sciences.
 It has become one of the booming and exciting
research fields throughout the globe.

14. 
 Nanopore Technology:
Applications of Nanobiotechnology
a)

15. 
Continued…

16. 

17. 
Nanoparticals and Nanomaterials
 Liposomes
• Liposomes are phospholipid vesicles (50–100 nm)
• They have a bilayer membrane structure similar to that of
biological membranes and an internal aqueous phase
• Liposomes show excellent circulation, penetration and
diffusion properties
 Dendrimers
• These are highly branched synthetic polymers (<15 nm)
• It show layered architectures constituted of a central
core, an internal region and numerous terminal groups
• Wide application in Drug Delivery System (DDS) and
gene delivery
Liposomes
Dendrimers

18. • Carbon nanotubes
• These are formed of coaxial graphite sheets (<100 nm)
rolled up into cylinders
• It exhibit excellent strength and electrical properties and
are efficient heat conductors
• Due to semiconductor nature of nanotubes are used as
biosensors
• Magnetic nanoparticles
• These are spherical nanocrystals of 10–20 nm of size
with a Fe2+ and Fe3+ core surrounded by dextran or
PEG molecules
• Their magnetic properties make them excellent agents
to label biomolecules in bioassays, as well as MRI
contrast agents
• Useful in targeted gene therapy.
Carbon nanotubes
Magnetic
nanoparticles

19.  Quantum dots
• These are colloidal fluorescent semiconductor
nanocrystals (2–10 nm)
• They are resistant to photobleaching and show
exceptional resistance to photo and chemical
degradation
• Quantum dots excellent contrast agents for
imaging and labels for bioassays
 Gold nanoparticles
• These are one type of metallic nanoparticle of
size <50 nm
• These are prepared with different geometries,
such as nanospheres, nanoshells, nanorods or
nanocages
• These are excellent labels for biosensors
Quantum dots
Gold
nanoparticles

20. 
Why Nano?

23. 
Is Nano SAFE?