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Modernization and Role of Education in the Process of Modernization

The document discusses the concept of modernization, emphasizing its role in transforming societies through science and technology across various domains including social, economic, and political life. It categorizes countries into underdeveloped, developing, and developed, and highlights the characteristics and hindrances to modernization, particularly in education. Furthermore, it outlines the aims and methods of education necessary for achieving modernization, stressing the importance of scientific knowledge and social values in the curriculum.

Education◦
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MODERNIZATION By M.VIJAYALAKSHMI Assistant Professor
• The world experience a rapid change because of the application of science and technology • Changes are brought in the social, economic, political and cultural life of the people • Countries – categorised into three • A. Under Developed Countries • B. Developing Countries and • C. The Developed Countries Meaning
• Moore – • “Modernisation is a revolutionary change leading to the transformation of a traditional society into a technological and civilized society” • Modernization – Opposite view to Traditionalism Definition
• A movement from traditional or quasi-traditional order to certain desired types of technology and associated form of social structure, value-orientations and motivations and norms CONCEPT OF ‘MODERNIZATION’
• The process of transforming a backward thinking society towards forward looking one • Modernisation helps a nation to establish its own identity • Modernisation helps a nation to meet the needs of the people • The use of new discoveries and technologies is rapid in modernisation • A change in the outlook of the people is brought by modernisation • Modernisation enriches the physical and economic life of the people Characteristics of ‘Modernization’
• Acceptance of New Ideas • Curiosity for Acquiring New Knowledge • Emphasis on the Present rather than on the Past • Acceptance of New Techniques and Methods • Faith in Equal Justice • Practical and Realistic Attitude Becoming Modern - Inketz
• Increased specialization in work • Social mobility • New work values • Mobilization • Impersonal social interactions • Increasing organization of social life • Mass education through mass communication • Sharing of civic, political and social rights and resources • Attitude of explaining and predicting events, processes and phenomena on the basis of scientific and technological knowledge Characteristics of ‘Modernization’
• Lack of Unity • Communalism • Narrow Meaning of Religion • Ignorance • Poverty • Social and Cultural Lag • Narrow Attitudes of Society • Gaps between ideals and Reality Hindrances….
• Education should related go productivity so that there is an increase in production • Social and national integration should be actively encouraged • There should be dynamism in education to bring about changes which may prove helpful in the process of modernisation • Education should develop social, moral and spiritual values so that the individual accept them in pragmatic form and develops his character Indian Education Commission (1964-66)
Aims of Education • Inspire through teaching • Arouse curiosity • Develop scientific and optimistic attitude • Develop democratic values • Train them to earn livelihood • Maintain social and national progress • All round development of the students • Develop the spirit of World Brotherhood • Healthy competition • Formation of character Modernisation and Education
• Scientific and technical • Related to the productivity of the country • Linked with vocational training • Diversification and specialisation in the curriculum • Emphasis – work experience (SUPW) • Co-curricular activities – Social Services, National Service Scheme (NSS) and Health Education Curriculum
• Encouragement – Cultural activities and games • Provisions – museums, exhibitions, science clubs and social studies clubs in school • Arrangement – women education, Co-education, sex education and environmental education
• Heuristic methods • Inductive methods (Particular to General) • Demonstration methods • Experimental methods • Audio-visual aids • Observation • Inspection Methods of Teaching
• Faith in modernity • Faith in change • Dynamic and alive • Technically Skillful • Use scientific methods of teaching • Must contribute for the process of modernisation Role of the Teacher
• Inner discipline • Self-discipline Discipline
• Remove the obstacles • Immediate steps is taken to improve • Establishing a few major Universities Quality in Education
• Eradication of Mass Illiteracy and Ignorance • Need for Socio-Political Awakening • Education and Promoting of Emotional and National Integration • Emphasis on Science and Technology • Equalization of Educational Opportunities • Introduction of Compulsory Primary Education • Development of Right Attitudes and Values • Expansion of Social Education • Education for International Understanding • Education for Democratic Values Role of Education
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