This document discusses the emergence and development of knowledge, subjects, and curriculum from social, political, and intellectual perspectives. It addresses how knowledge is defined and how curriculum has developed. It also examines the role of government in developing education and ways to develop curriculum intellectually. Finally, it outlines current situations in social science, natural science, and linguistics, noting trends like a focus on social awareness, environmental issues, and computer-assisted language learning.

1. UNIT II
Understanding Discipline and Subjects in Socio-
cultural Perspective

2. Content
• Emergence and development of knowledge,
subject and curriculum in social, political
and intellectual contexts
• Changes in social science, natural science
and linguistics
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3. Knowledge
• According to Plato, justified true
belief is Knowledge. Knowledge is a
mix of framed experience, values,
contextual information and expert
insight.
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4. Curriculum development
• Curriculum development is defined
as planned, purposeful, progressive,
and systematic process in order to
create positive improvements in the
educational system.

5. Emergence and development of
knowledge, subject and curriculum
• in social contexts
• in political contexts
• in intellectual contexts

6. In social contexts
• Knowledge, subject and curriculum imparted
by education raises the level of expectations
of youth.
• It also equips youth with the mental capacity
to devise ways and means to improve
productivity and enhance living standards.
• Social development involves learning
the values, knowledge and skills that
enable children to relate to others
effectively and to contribute in positive ways
to family, school and the community.

7. In political contexts
The knowledge, subject and curriculum in
political contexts helped for the following
developments:
• Believe in Democracy and Training in
Democratic Citizenship for national integration
and international Understanding
• National Development through
industrialization increasing division of
labor, use of management
techniques improved technology
and expansion of service sector.
• Treating Every Individual with Dignity and
Respect
• Freedom, Equality, Fraternity and Tolerance
• Faith in Bringing Changes through Peace

8. Role of the Government in the Development of
knowledge, subject and curriculum
• Universal primary education
• National literacy mission
• Priority to oppressed and backward
• Special attention for girls education
• Give boost to joyful learning, Activity
based learning and vocationalisation.
• Liberal grant of scholarship and
educational loan.
• Aiming for excellence in education

9. Ways to Develop knowledge, subject and curriculum
in intellectual contexts
• Give children choices.
• Allow and encourage creativity Build
language skills
• Provide science experiments and
introduce concepts about our world
to help them make sense of it.
• Make them to learn about the
neighbourhood and the city through
walks and field trips

10. Significant of development of knowledge, subject
and curriculum in intellectual contexts
• Development of problem solving
skills.
• Widen Critical thinking
• Increase rational thinking
• Increase awareness
• Expand Logical assessment
• Build Sound mind in a sound body

11. Changes in social science, natural science
and linguistics
• Social science is a major category of academic disciplines,
concerned with society and
the relationships among individuals within a society.
• Natural science is a branch of Science, concerned with
natural phenomena. Natural Science is the systematic
study of the universe around us.
• Language became the primary requirement for Inter
connectedness of people, for free exchange of ideas,
cultures and economies and a ‘Lingua Franca’ for
communication, business and education.

12. Current Situation in Social Science
• It focused on contemporary matters
• It gave more important to Social
awareness
• It paying attention to ethical concern
• It give more important to Peace
building
• It concern the sustainable
development
• Computer Assisted language learning
was encouraged

13. Current Situation in
Natural studies
• Natural studies give important to
environment
• It focus on Preservation industry
• Its center of attention on Water
management
• It focus on awareness of Eco system
• The emerging trend is Occupational
biology
• Computer Assisted language learning
was encouraged

14. Current Situation in Linguistics
• Important to Listening, speaking,
reading and writing
• Functional grammar
• Translation to bilingual
• Communicative language
• Computer Assisted language
learning was encouraged