This document provides background information on modern China, including: - Mao Zedong's rule and failed economic programs like the Great Leap Forward, which caused famine and economic disaster. - After Mao's death, Deng Xiaoping rose to power and implemented economic reforms like the Four Modernizations to transform China into an economic power through market-oriented reforms. - China experienced rapid economic growth under Deng's policies, but political reforms stalled as the Tiananmen Square protests in 1989 were crushed by the government. - Today, China is a rising global economic power but maintains a single-party authoritarian political system with restrictions on civil and political liberties.

1. Modern China

2. Our Goals
 I can explain the causes of China’s rise to a
world power.

3. Essential Questions
 Historical Thinking
 What are the causes and effects of China’s rise as a
world power?
 SPICE Thematic Connections
 How do the SPICE Elements impact modern China?
 Critical Thinking
 To what extent is China a free society?

4. Modern China Reform
Planning
The Situation: Mao is old and has lost power.
You job is to work as a committee to decide the
direction of Communist China moving forward.
Your Task: As a group, decide what policies you
will take to turn China into a world economic
power. Make connections to SPICE Elements.
Work in reality, not fiction.

5. Mao’s Attempts to Change
China
Policy Time Period Program Results
First Five Year Plan 1953-1957 • Reliance on Soviet Union.
• Industry grew 15% per year.
• Agriculture output grew slowly.
One Hundred
Flowers Campaign
1958 • Mao’s critics were silenced.
Great Leap Forward 1958-1961 • China suffered economic disaster
• Industrial Decline
• Agricultural disaster and famine
• Mao lost influence
Cultural Revolution 1966-1976 • Mao used the Red Guard and radical youths to
reestablish his power.
• Purges & conflicts between leaders led to
political, social, and economic ruin.
• Mao lost support

6. Mao’s Decline
 Following the Cultural Revolution, many Chinese citizens
moved away from extreme communist beliefs.
 1971: China opened its doors to the United States.
 1976: Mao dies.

7. Mao’s Replacement: Deng
Xiaoping
 A moderate communist (who had been targeted by Mao
during the Cultural Rev.) rose to power in China.
 Supported moderate economic policies
 Allowed for some free market principles

8. Deng’s Modernization of
China
 Deng called for Four Modernizations
 Agriculture
 Eliminated Communes. Reinstated private property.
Allowed farmers to sell excess crops on a market.
(Increased production by 50% between 1978-1984).
 Industry
 Allowed state run businesses to set their own quotas.
Allowed private businesses
 Defense
 Science & Technology
 Embraced modern tech. Allowed foreign technology and
influence.

9. China’s Growth

10. China’s Modernizations

11. 1980’s: Call for Democracy
 With new rights and economic freedoms, many Chinese
citizens began to call for a Democratic system of
government.

12. Tiananmen Square: 1989
 Over 100,000 Students protested and filled the massive public square
in Bejing.
 International Media covered the event.
 Deng’s Government responded by using force, ending in the deaths
of thousands.

13. Tank Man

14. China Today

15. Modern China Articles
 Read Four Articles
 Record examples of SPICE Themes in
China today.
 Write three level 2 or 3 questions about
Modern China which will guide our
discussions later in this unit.