1) Geographic features like mountains and deserts isolated parts of China and affected development, while resources like coal and iron attracted foreign trade and imperialism. 2) Confucianism encouraged harmony and filial piety, while Legalism saw order through strict laws; these philosophies influenced Chinese society. 3) The Opium War marked China's decline as European powers imposed unequal treaties and took territories, starting the "Century of Humiliation" and weakening China.

1. Key Concepts to Remember
About China
By Mrs.Cullen

4. Geography & Its Effects
Geographic Features Effects

5. Ethnocentrism

6. Resources
• Why did other
countries seek out
trade with China and
later seek to take over
pieces of China?
• What valuable
resources are there?
• Why was Manchuria a
hot spot?

7. Middle Kingdom

8. Confucianism
• What did Confucius
encourage?
• How did he suggest peace and
order be maintained?

9. What is filial piety?

10. Taoism
• How was Lao tzu’s vision for
peace and order different
from Confucius’?

11. Legalism
• Who believed in Legalism?
• How did Legalists see peace and order
would be created?

12. Buddhism
• Where was Buddhism
originally from?
• How did it get to China?
• What is Buddhism’s
presence in China an
example of?

13. Mandate of Heaven

14. Patriarchal
• Chinese society has
traditionally been
patriarchal? What
does this mean?
• What other terms go
with a traditional
culture?

15. China’s Dynasties
China Before 1912
• What is a dynasty?

16. Shang Dynasty

17. Zhou Dynasty

18. Qin Dynasty

21. Tang & Song Dynasties
• This is China’s golden age. What is a
golden age?

22. Han Dynasty

23. What is the route in orange known as?
What two empires did it connect?

24. Ming Dynasty

25. Who was Zheng He?

26. Manchu (Qing)
Dynasty
What did the Chinese think of
foreigners?
How had trade been
conducted for hundreds of
years?

27. China’s Unlucky Century
The 1800s
• The relationship between China and the
Europeans changed in the 19th century.
Improvements in European technology
gave Europeans an edge over the
Chinese after centuries of kowtowing to
the Chinese in trade. China’s failure to
adopt these new technologies would make
them vulnerable to European domination.

28. Opium War:
Causes
• Unfavorable balance
of trade frustrated
Britain
• China would not buy
anything from Britain
but Britain bought Britain decided to see
many items from opium (from India) to
China – Britain was Chinese to get its
losing a lot of gold money back –
Chinese government
told them to stop!

30. Opium War:
Effects
• Treaty of Nanking
– Britain gets Hong Kong
– China opens ports to
British trade
– Spheres of influence
– Extraterritoriality
– $21 million in indemnities given to Britain
– How does the Manchu Emperor look as a
result?

31. Sino-Japanese War
1894-1895
• Who fought?
• Over what?
• Who won?

32. Boxer Rebellion 1900
• Cause
s
• Effects

34. Overthrow of Manchu Emperor
• 1911-1912
• Why is this such a huge
event in Chinese history?

35. Sun Yat-sen (Yixian)
• Key goal: Establish
a Chinese republic
• What is a republic?

36. Three Principles of the People
Nationalism Democracy Livelihood

37. Chinese Civil War
1920s-1949
• Chiang Kai-shek • Mao Zedong
VS.

38. Chinese Civil
War
• Causes

39. Chinese Civil War
• Effects
• Where did the Nationalists & Chiang Kai-shek
flee to?

40. The PRC is born!

41. China Under Mao Zedong
1949-1976
• Little Red Book
– What does indoctrination mean?
– How was the Little Red Book
(aka The Thoughts of Mao
Zedong used to do it?

42. Great Leap Forward
• The G.L.F. is an example of a Five Year
Plan.
• What is the purpose of a Five
Year Plan?

43. Great Leap Forward
• Causes:

44. Great Leap Forward
• Effects:

45. Cultural Revolution
• In 1966, Mao Zedong
announced the
“Cultural Revolution”
which was aimed at
getting rid of anyone
questioning his
power.
Why was it called the “Cultural” Revolution?
What kind of people did he consider a
threat?

46. Cultural Revolution
• Causes:

50. Cultural Revolution
• Effects

51. • Effects

52. • Mao dies
in 1976

53. China Under Deng Xiaoping
• Deng Xiaoping comes to
power after Mao’s death in
1976
• Deng has a different
vision for the future of
China….or does he?

54. Four Modernizations
• Deng’s goal is to modernize
China by the year 2000
• The four areas he plans to
modernize are:
– 1.
2.
3.
4.

56. Responsibility System
• Do I smell a whiff of capitalism?

57. Elements of Capitalism
Introduced

58. Tiananmen Square Massacre
• What happened in China (a
country where great economic
gains were occurring) that led
the government to attack its
own students?
• Pictures taken from
• http://www.cnd.org/June4th/64pics.html

80. Tiananmen Square Massacre
1989
• CAUSES • EFFECTS

81. One-Child Policy
• During the 1960s and 1970s, Mao Zedong
had encouraged the Chinese people to
have as many babies as possible to make
China a greater nation.
• What is the problem with that plan?

82. One Child Policy
• When Deng Xiaoping came to power, he
realized that one of the first things that had
to be controlled was China’s population
growth.
• Too many people = not enough resources
to provide an adequate living
• Therefore, he enacted the One Child
Policy

83. One Child Policy
• How does it work?

84. One-Child Policy
• Changed to two-child policy, especially in
rural areas
• Why?

85. Effects of Years of Following
One-Child Policy in China

86. Hong Kong

87. Taiwan

88. Tibet

89. China in the 21st Century

90. Economic Development

91. Political Cartoons