This document summarizes common machine operations performed by lathe machines, drill presses, and milling machines. Key operations of lathe machines include turning, knurling, drilling/boring, and facing. Drill presses are used for drilling, reaming, boring, counterboring, countersinking, tapping, and spotfacing. Milling machines are employed for face milling, end milling, keyway cutting, dovetail cutting, T-slot cutting, gear cutting, drilling, boring, and jig boring. Videos and descriptions of techniques like turning, knurling, drilling, and reaming are provided.

1. Machine Operations

2. Machine Operations
• Machine operations are the activities or job a
machine can perform. This presentation looks
at the following machines:
Lathe Machine
Drill Press
Milling Machine

3. Lathe Machine Operation
• Turning
• Knurling
• Drilling/boring
• Facing
• etc

4. Turning
Turning is a machining process in which a
cutting tool, typically a non-rotary tool bit,
describes a helix toolpath by moving more or
less linearly while the workpiece rotates.
Two type of turning
Parallel
Taper
https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=8EsAxOnzEms

5. Knurling
• Knurling is a manufacturing process, typically
conducted on a lathe, whereby a pattern of
straight, angled or crossed lines is cut or rolled
into the material.

6. Drilling
• The process of creating a hole in the work
piece
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=OgqsjZJwce8

7. Facing
• facing is the act of cutting a face, which is a
planar surface, onto the workpiece

8. Drill Press
• Operations that can be performed in a drilling
machine are
 Drilling
 Reaming
 Boring
 Counter boring
 Countersinking
 Tapping

9. Typical Drilling Processes

10. Reaming
• A reamer enters the workpiece
axially and enlarges an existing hole
to the diameter of the tool.
• A reamer is a multi-point tool that
has many flutes, which may be
straight or in a helix.
• Reaming removes a minimal
amount of material and is often
performed after drilling to obtain
both a more accurate diameter and
a smoother internal finish.

11. Counter sinking
• This is an operation of
making the end of a
hole into a conical
shape.
• Cutting speed = half of
the cutting speed of
drilling for same hole.

12. Counter boring
• This process involves
increasing the size of a
hole at only one end.
• Cutting tool will have a
small cylindrical portion
called pilot.
• Cutting speed = two-
thirds of the drilling
speed for the same
hole.

13. Spotfacing
spotface
Making a sloped surface
flat
To seat a nut
Back
spotface

14. Boring
• It is process carried on a
drilling machine to
increase the size of an
already drilled hole.
• Initially a hole is drilled to
the nearest size and using
a boring tool the size of
the hole is increased.

15. Tapping
• Process of cutting
internal threads with a
thread tool called tap.

16. Milling Machine
• Used to produce one or more machined
surfaces accurately on work piece
– One or more rotary milling cutters
• Work piece held on work table or holding
device and brought into contact with cutter.

17. Operation done
• Face milling
• End milling
• Keyway cutting
• Dovetail cutting
• T-slot and circular
slot cutting
• Gear cutting
• Drilling
• Boring
• Jig boring

18. Milling operation