Lexical functional grammar
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Lexical Functional Grammar (LFG) was developed in the 1970s by Joan Bresnan and Ronald Kaplan to create a theory that could form the basis of a realistic model for linguistic learnability and language processing. LFG analyzes sentences using three structures: lexical structure uses grammatical functions to label argument structure; constituent structure encodes hierarchical groupings and categories; and functional structure integrates lexical and structural information to unify representations.
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Lexical functional grammar
- 1. Lexical Functional Grammar School of Linguistics
- 2. Group 4 Class 4 B • Fira Nursya’bani 0906856 • Luciyana Dwiningrum 0902428 • Meyza Pritama 0902467 • Riestia Handayani 0902434
- 3. FIGURES
- 4. Joan Wanda Bresnan • Born on August 22, 1945 • Professor of Linguistics at Standford University • Ronald Kaplan’s partner
- 5. Ronald M. Kaplan • Chief Scientist and a Principal Researcher at the Powerset division of Microsoft Bing • Consulting Professor in the Linguistics Department at Stanford University and a Principal of Stanford's Center for the Study of Language and Information (CSLI)
- 6. • Lexical Functional Grammar (LFG) was first developed in the 1970’s by Joan Bresnan and Ron Kaplan. • They wanted to create a theory that could form the basis of a realistic model for linguistic learnability and language processing. • Since LFG was found, the theory has been applied to some new areas, such as morphology, syntax and semantics theories.
- 7. LFG has 3 kinds of analyzing sentence: • Lexical Structure • Constituent Structure (C - Structure) • Functional Structure (F – Structure)
- 8. Lexical Structure The lexical entry includes information about the meaning of the lexical item, its argument structure, and the grammatical functions (e.g., subject, object, etc.) that are associated with those arguments. e.g. I hit you
- 9. The way to analyze sentence in lexical structure by labelling grammatical function. Grammatical functions are universal primitives within this framework, and since they are associated both with lexical items and with syntactic positions they mediate between lexical and constituent structure representations.
- 10. Constituent Structure C-Structure encodes linear order, hierarchical groupings, and syntactic categories of constituents. Notation of C-Structure identifies the grammatical functions that may occur in specific syntactic positions.
- 11. Functional Structure • Structural and lexical information is integrated and unified within functional structure (F-structure). • When the lexical items that occupy the terminal nodes of the tree are inserted into f- structure, the information contained in the lexical entry is retrieved and included in the f- structure. • It is in this way that lexical information is combined with the structural information available from the c-structure tree.
- 12. Mary Loves James SUB PRED ‘Mary NUM -PL GEND +FEM PERS 3rd PRED ‘love’ (SUB) (OBJ) TENSE -PAST OBJ PRED ‘John’ NUM -PL GEND -FEM PERS 3rd