This document provides information on the flexural analysis and design of reinforced concrete beams based on the ultimate strength design method. It discusses under-reinforced and over-reinforced failure modes. For under-reinforced beams, it describes the three stages of loading: uncracked stage, cracked stage, and steel yielding stage. Equations are derived for calculating the reinforcement ratio ρ. For over-reinforced beams, it discusses failure when the concrete reaches its strain limit before steel yields. The document also provides guidelines for determining if a section is under-reinforced or over-reinforced, and criteria for selection of the strength reduction factor Φ. In the end, it lists the data and outputs required for capacity analysis of a