This document provides an overview of research concepts including: - The objectives of learning about research which are to draw conceptual frameworks, draft research problems and hypotheses, and design data gathering procedures. - An introduction to what constitutes good research and the basic research process. - How to formulate a research proposal including choosing topics, drafting conceptual frameworks, and developing measurement tools. - The different types of variables in research including independent, dependent, moderating, and intervening variables. - Measurement scales used in research such as nominal, ordinal, interval and ratio. - Considerations for developing measurement instruments.

1. Learning Session on Research Notre Dame of Midsayap College 22 August 2011

3. Outline 1. Introduction Research Good research Research process 2. Formulation of a research concept or proposal Choosing research topics Drafting the conceptual framework Framing the problems and hypotheses Developing the measurement tools Sampling 3. Analysis and presentation

12. IV DV Presumed cause Presumed effect Stimulus Response Antecedent Consequence Manipulated Observed outcome

16. The formulation of a problem is far more often essential than its solutions Albert Einstein

19. Instrument development Measurement questions are those questions that respondents must answer to gather the desired information