Joost BROUWER "Are the most valuable resources in drylands areas wetlands?"
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1. The document discusses isolated wetlands in the Sahel region of Africa, particularly in Niger. 2. These wetlands provide valuable ecosystem services, supporting biodiversity, agriculture, livestock, fisheries, and human livelihoods. 3. However, the wetlands are undergoing rapid degradation and change due to population growth, land use changes, and climate change threats.
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Joost BROUWER "Are the most valuable resources in drylands areas wetlands?"
- 1. Is this good or is this bad? A landscape severely eroded after the drought of 1974 broke in 1975 with a big rainstorm washing away topsoil and seeds.
- 2. The run-off from that eroded area CREATED this wetland of 1500 hectares in central Niger, that did not exist before 1975 and is now heavily used by local people.
- 3. Point 0: Land degradation and desertification are not necessarily all bad. Look at the whole system before considering change.
- 4. Are the most valuable resources in dryland areas isolated wetlands? Joost Brouwer PhD Brouwer Envir.&Agric. Consultancy The Netherlands images Joost Brouwer, Hans Hut, Ulf Liedén, Leen Smits IUCN Commission on Ecosystem Management
- 5. The Sahel zone is the yellow zone that runs East-West for about 7.000 km along the southern edge of the Sahara.
- 6. The wetlands of Niger will be taken as examples for the Sahel.
- 7. Most people think of the Sahel as dry, drab and dusty.
- 8. But in fact the Sahel contains thousands of wetlands
- 11. In Niger alone there are >1.000 wetlands of reasonable size.
- 12. Point 1: The Sahel is not all dry, drab and dusty: It contains thousands of isolated wetlands.
- 13. Dry season cropping (esp. after poor rains): next to the water a just sown area, then a green band of in this case beans. Income up to $ 4,300 per hectare, vs. $ 70 in uplands
- 14. Value of livestock keeping dependent on wetlands: $ 35 million/year (a night watchman makes $ 2/day)
- 15. Value of wetlands fisheries in Niger: $ 5 – 20 million/year
- 16. Collection of natural products: value ?? water, wood, clay for bricks, plants, animals
- 17. Drought food: value ?? e.g. lungfish, water lily fruit and tubers
- 18. Biodiversity: value ?? 1.2 million waterbirds in January alone on Niger’s wetlands, many coming from Europe and Asia
- 19. Hunting, tourism: at wetlands as yet almost non-existent Perhaps the Niger Bird DataBase will help develop tourism www.nibdab.org
- 20. Point 2: (economic data from 1990’s in paper) The isolated wetlands in the Sahel greatly benefit people and biodiversity.
- 21. Point 3: It is often the wetlands that allow the use of the surrounding drylands. And vice versa. Connections via water, nutrients, animals, people. Wetlands and drylands are complementary resources in time and space.
- 22. Population growth Niger >3.2% per annum, a doubling every 20 years [a neutral statement of fact]
- 23. More people use more resources: stumps remain where 15 years ago there was an Acacia nilotica forest
- 24. The wood was no doubt used for cooking and construction
- 25. Climate change and drought also threaten the capacity of wetlands in the Sahel to deliver valuable ecosystem services
- 26. Point 4 (data 1993-1994 vs 2006-2008, in paper): Isolated wetlands in the Sahel are undergoing rapid change/degradation due to: - population growth - migration - socio-economic changes (e.g. in diet) - land use change in catchments
- 27. Summary 0. DLDD is not only bad: look at the whole system. (Ecosystem Approach; SYSTANAL in English, French, Arabic) In the Sahel: 1. There are thousands of isolated wetlands. 2. These wetlands are very valuable to man & biodiversity. 3. The wetlands allow use of associated drylands, and v.v.. 4. Wetland quality is greatly threatened for all uses. 5. PINReM of the wetlands is urgently needed. (Participatory Integrated Natural Resource Management) What about the isolated wetlands in your own country?
- 28. Implications For research: Inventory of wetlands and valuation of their services For practice: Strive for PINReM with all stakeholders, looking at whole system For policy: Develop and implement National Wetland Programmes for sustainable wetland use and conservation The UNCCD should do this in cooperation with Ramsar, CBD, UNFCC, CMS, AEWA and their parties:
Editor's Notes
- slide 3 I will be talking to you today about links among climate change, drought, desertification and biodiversity. I will not give you an all encompassing overview, I will just give you some information from the field that I think will be of interest to you. I am doing this on behalf of the Commission on Ecosystem Management of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature. As you can see some of he images in this presentation were made by others.
- slide 3 I will be talking to you today about links among climate change, drought, desertification and biodiversity. I will not give you an all encompassing overview, I will just give you some information from the field that I think will be of interest to you. I am doing this on behalf of the Commission on Ecosystem Management of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature. As you can see some of he images in this presentation were made by others.
- slide 3 I will be talking to you today about links among climate change, drought, desertification and biodiversity. I will not give you an all encompassing overview, I will just give you some information from the field that I think will be of interest to you. I am doing this on behalf of the Commission on Ecosystem Management of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature. As you can see some of he images in this presentation were made by others.
- slide 3 I will be talking to you today about links among climate change, drought, desertification and biodiversity. I will not give you an all encompassing overview, I will just give you some information from the field that I think will be of interest to you. I am doing this on behalf of the Commission on Ecosystem Management of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature. As you can see some of he images in this presentation were made by others.
- slide 3 I will be talking to you today about links among climate change, drought, desertification and biodiversity. I will not give you an all encompassing overview, I will just give you some information from the field that I think will be of interest to you. I am doing this on behalf of the Commission on Ecosystem Management of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature. As you can see some of he images in this presentation were made by others.
- slide 3 I will be talking to you today about links among climate change, drought, desertification and biodiversity. I will not give you an all encompassing overview, I will just give you some information from the field that I think will be of interest to you. I am doing this on behalf of the Commission on Ecosystem Management of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature. As you can see some of he images in this presentation were made by others.
- slide 3 I will be talking to you today about links among climate change, drought, desertification and biodiversity. I will not give you an all encompassing overview, I will just give you some information from the field that I think will be of interest to you. I am doing this on behalf of the Commission on Ecosystem Management of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature. As you can see some of he images in this presentation were made by others.
- slide 3 I will be talking to you today about links among climate change, drought, desertification and biodiversity. I will not give you an all encompassing overview, I will just give you some information from the field that I think will be of interest to you. I am doing this on behalf of the Commission on Ecosystem Management of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature. As you can see some of he images in this presentation were made by others.