research Topic for English subject

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RAINFORESTS DESTRUCTION PROHIBITED
AMINA MUSHTAQ SUBMITTED TO:
MS. SAJADA SWAR

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RAINFORESTS DESTRUCTION refers to the cutting, clearing, and removal of
rainforest or related ecosystems into less bio-diverse ecosystems such as
pasture, cropland, or plantations.
Historically deforestation happened since the 1950.RAINFORESTS ACTION
NETWORK (RAN) started in 1984 by “RANDY HURRICANE HAYES”.
Between 1960 and 1990, most of the deforestation occurred globally, with an
increasing trend every decade. Rainforests are the Earth's oldest living
ecosystems.
These incredible places cover only 6% of the Earth's surface but yet they
contain more than 1/2 of the world's plant and animal species!
Just last year, the rates of deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon rose for the first
time since 2008.
According to personal background, rainforest depletion in Pakistan. In 1990’s
4% of the total area of Pakistan was woody and then it reduce to 2.2% by
2010.About 30% of the world land is covered with forest and Pakistan
contributes a little to it. Pakistan is the country with highest rate of
deforestation in Asia.
Every year an area of rainforest the size of New Jersey is cut down and
destroyed. The plants and animals that used to live in these forests either die or
must find a new forest to call their home
The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization estimates that originally,
forests covered about 45% of earth's land masses, and now forests only cover
31%.
Largest rainforests worldwide listed in descending order (from largest to
smallest).
1. Amazon basin of South America
2. Congo river basin of Central Africa
3. S.E. Asia
4. New Guinea
5. Madagascar.

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The positive consequences of deforestation depending on the needs of the
social group concerned, deforestation has made it possible for communities to be
built. Forests make way for residential houses, officebuildings and factories.
Governments areable to build roads to maketrade and transporteasier and
therefore more convenientto residents.
Deforestation/Destruction has always been a practice of many developing
communities and has contributed greatly to civilization as weknow it today.
There are several benefits of deforestation in the rainforest.
1) ECONOMIC GAIN: The major and most obvious benefit is economic
gain. Economically, deforestation has contributed much in giving many
communities the opportunity to make positive changes in their lives
For example, Individuals clear land in order to build houses as well as to
carry out agricultural practices. Both of the examples above relate to
economic gain.
2) AGRICULTURE:64 percentof the deforestationthat occurs in
rainforests is due to the farming. Rainforestdeforestationallows
impoverished farmers to provide for their families. For every patch of
land cleared of trees through deforestation,land becomes available
for farmers to plant crops and carryout other agricultural practices.
For example,Raising livestock, Healthy and organic food.
3) Raw lumber/Paperproducts: Human societydepends on the
lumber acquired from deforestation.An individual cannot carry out
basic daily duties without the use of wood and everyone's home
contains some type of wood fixture. Whether it is a wooden table or a
piece of paper.
For example,Paperfor writing and wood for furniture, burning, need for
everyday life.

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4) EMPLOYMENT: There are jobs that pertain to the use of lumber and
lumber production. Employmentis given to the people who cut down
and process trees.Employmentis also extended to the people who
use raw lumber to make wood byproducts. If deforestationwould
cease to exist many individuals would find themselves unemployed
and unemployment would be a major issue.
For example: wood furniture and pencils making, farmers.
5) URBANIZATION: The population of earth rises every single day.
Modern technology allows more and more people to stay alive. Land is
needed to accommodate the ever growing population. Rainforest
deforestation provides that land and allows houses and other types of
buildings to be built in place of the trees that once occupied the land.
For example; people lives in forest have no modern life standard. By
deforestation people can live with improved quality life and with this they
can earn for themselves to be live.
THERE IS A FAMOUS SAYING:
“We don’t have to sacrifice a strong economy for a healthy
environment”
~DENNIS WEAVER.

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The negativeconsequencesof Deforestation:Unfortunately, the
negative consequences of deforestation far outweigh its positive effects.
Here are a few of them:
1) Flooding;Deforestation can result to watersheds that are no longer
able to sustain and regulate water flows from rivers and streams.
Trees are highly effective in absorbing water quantities, keeping the
amount of water in watersheds to a manageable level. The forest also
serves as a cover against erosion. Once they are gone, too much
water can result to downstream flooding, many of which have caused
disasters in many parts of the world.
For example, In Asia flooding destructlarge area of state, just
because there is deforestationon high level, such as for now flood in
Kareela state (INDIA).
2) Biodiversity; We eat several foods from the rainforest and many
medicines are made from ingredients found only in these areas.
The loss in the number of biodiversity. This is probably the most
serious consequence of deforestation. Climate change also effects
biodiversity. Put simply, it means the destruction and extinction of
many plant and animal species, many of whom remain unknown
and whose benefits will be left undiscovered.
For example; Some common food include:
Chocolate, Sugar, Cinnamon, Rubber, Medicine(pit vipers),
Pineapples.
In other regions of Polynesia, forestdestruction degraded land so that
it became unproductive.This has occurred in New Zealand, Hawaii,
the Cook and Society Islands,and elsewhere (Diamond, 1986).

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3) Irreplaceable ecosystem; In addition to storing all that carbon (and
exchanging carbon dioxide for the oxygen we breathe) forests play other
vital roles that make life livable. They act as key guards against soil
erosion, for instance, a fact made tragically clear by landslides.
Deforestation destructing the lungs of earth. The smoke caused
widespread health problems,interfered with transportation, and blocked
the formation of rain clouds.
For example; Indonesia has experienced severalsevere droughts in
recent decades.The worst occurred in 1982-1983and 1997-1998when
millions of acres of forestburned.
4) Climate Change; Deforestation also drives climate change. Forest
soils are moist, but without protection from sun-blocking tree cover,
they quickly dry out. Trees also help perpetuate the water cycle by
returning water vapor to the atmosphere. Without trees to fill these
roles, many former forest lands can quickly become barren deserts.
About 15 percentmore carbon dioxide gets released due to
deforestation,exacerbating climate change.
For example;El Salvador has lost 70-85% of its rainforest due to heavy
bombing during the civil war 1984-1985.Because of less number of
trees/rainforests mostlyland is barren and drought.

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5) Global warming; Trees also play a critical role in absorbing the
greenhouse gases that fuel global warming. Fewer forests means
larger amounts of greenhouse gases entering the atmosphere—and
increased speed and severity of global warming. Removing trees
deprives the forest of portions of its canopy, which blocks the sun’s
rays during the day, and holds in heat at night. This disruption leads
to more extreme temperature swings that can be harmful to plants
and animals.
For example; The Amazon rainforest is a critical influence on South
American climate and one of the world's mostimportant carbon banks.
Covering almost as much land as the contiguous United States.
Here is famous & worth saying;
“Forests are the world’s air-conditioningsystem,the lungs of the
planet,and we are on the verge of switching it off.”
~PRINCE CHARLES

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In my opinion “RAINFOREST DESTRUCTION” should be prohibited. Earth
and the lives of everything that depends on it – from the smallest
bacteria to the largest sea creatures – rest on a delicate matter and that
is balance. A single, seemingly harmless disturbance in this balance has
consequences that are both beneficial and disadvantageous. One of
these is “RAINFOREST DESTRUCTION”.
“RAINFORESTS” play a key role in the hydrological cycle by intercepting and
regulating rainfall and flooding. They provide vital products that extend from
food and shelter to medicines and other important social goods. And forests
hold value that exists beyond use by anybody or anything, just by their very
nature as forests. We risk all of it as we let them decline.
Other than for their beauty, “RAINFORESTS”are highly responsible in
keeping and sustaining global ecosystems. In fact, much of the quality of
life we enjoy, we owe to the “RAINFORESTS”. It is also the home of
more than half of all creatures and organisms in this planet. From food to
life-saving medicines, forests give mankind a variety of gifts that
contribute much to our quality of life.
Some people don’t think it is a national treasure, rather they think that it
is an obstacle to development. We need to know that it’s not an other
country’s or America’s problem ,rainforests is fine the way it is, need the
natural resources from there, we can’t afford to start big problem to help
the rainforest.
In end we need to convince the people or need to educate people to
save rainforest and don’t deforest. We have need to create laws to
protect the rainforests.
“RAINFOREST” are the lungs of the earth, just leave the
“RAINFOREST” alone. Preserve the “RAINFOREST” like it is a national
treasure.

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REFRENCES:
www.https://prezi.com.
www.https://brainyqoutes.com (Dennis Weaver)
www.https://todayinci.com (Prince Charles)
www.https://rain-tree.com