Nico Van Leeuwen Ppt
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The document discusses strategies for increasing agricultural production in Africa through better management of rainwater. It outlines that small-scale rainwater harvesting techniques like conservation agriculture, runoff farming, and microcatchments can improve water supply for smallholder farmers. These techniques help reduce evaporation and runoff, retaining more water in the soil to boost crop yields. Examples from Niger demonstrate that rainwater management projects can scale up food production while rehabilitating lands and benefitting many rural communities.
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Desertification reduces land's ability to support life and leads to accelerated soil erosion and loss of topsoil. As vegetation cover and soil layers reduce, water runs off instead of soaking into the soil. Reclamation techniques to control desertification include controlling sand dunes, afforestation, and irrigation methods. However, once desertification starts, conditions reinforce continual deterioration and rehabilitation becomes increasingly difficult and expensive.
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It is a practice of growing profitable crops without irrigation in an area which recieves an annual rainfall of 500mm or even less. OR
Gowing of crop entirely under rainfed conditions is known as dryland agriculture.
India ranks first among rainfed agricultural countries of the world regarding both extent and value of produce.
The 128 distt. In india have been recognized as dryland farming areas where as, 74 distt. are recognized as drought– prone districts.
In India, severe drought is experienced once in 50 years, partial drought once in 5 years and floods are expected every year in one and another part of country
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ISEWP will facilitate (technically) agencies in the implementation process of sustainable rice based agro-ecosystems.
All relevant agencies will implement sustainable rice field agro-ecosystems through Policy formulation, participatory technology demonstration, fund diversion, knowledge management. .
All agricultural users will adopt rice agro-ecosystem practices'
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Priorities for Public Sector Research on Food Security and Natural Resources Report Presentation by Frank Place, ICRAF and Alexandre Meybeck, FAO
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- 1. Rainwater Management for Increased Agricultural production Centre of African Studies – Porto- Portugal 2 – 3 October 2008 CONFERENCE ON WATER IN AFRICA SESSION ON WATER AND AGRICULTURE Nico van Leeuwen
- 3. < 2.5 2.5–4 5–19 20–34 ≥ 35 No data % undernourished UNDERNOURISHMENT
- 5. < 2.5 2.5–4 5–19 20–34 ≥ 35 No data % undernourished UNDERNOURISHMENT SUB- SAHARA AFRICA
- 7. < 2.5 2.5–4 5–19 20–34 ≥ 35 No data % undernourished Undernourishment and water scarcity Sub- Sahara Africa
- 8. Dry land areas and rain fed agriculture Arid land: 45% of world area, 38% of Sub-Saharan Africa
- 9. Strong relationship between water availability and cereal production
- 12. Arable land expansion 22 % Cropping intensity 12 % How to grow 50 % more food in 2030 Yield increase 66 %
- 16. (Rockström, Fox, Persson et Falkenmark(SIWI) RAINWATER MOVEMENTS
- 17. Rainwater distribution in arid areas (Rockström, Fox, Persson et Falkenmark(SIWI)
- 24. Potential areas for runoff farming Source: GAEZ (FAO – IIASA, 2003) > 800 mm 400 < x < 800 mm 200 < x < 400 mm 100 < x < 200 mm < 100 mm Annual rainfall > 179 days Too wet for runoff farming > 0.65 Humid 120 – 179 days Suitable for runoff storage 0.5 – 0.65 Dry sub- humid 60 – 119 days Suitable for runoff farming 0.21 – 0.5 Semi- arid 1 – 59 days Suitable for runoff farming 0.05 – 0.2 Arid 0 day Too dry for runoff farming < 0.05 Hyper arid Length Growing Period Suitability P/ETP Zone
- 25. Microcatchment Macrocatchment Floodwater harvesting Types of run-off farming water harvesting
- 26. Small-scale rainwater harvesting (zai)
- 27. Tree planting for reforestation or land rehabilitation
- 28. Inter-row water harvesting in orchard in arid area
- 35. 1 3 1 3 2 Example: Keita (Niger) 2
- 38. Rainwater management: a new green revolution ? Thanks for your attention Merci pour votre attention Obrigado