1) GMPLS is an advanced protocol that automates provisioning of connections in multilayer networks including optical networks to improve efficiency.
2) GMPLS extends MPLS to support not just packet switching but also time-division multiplexing, fiber switching, and wavelength switching in optical networks.
3) The paper discusses applications of GMPLS technology for traffic engineering and provisioning connections to balance loads in multilayer networks including WDM optical networks.
Energy Behavior in Ad Hoc Network Minimizing the Number of Hops and Maintaini...CSCJournals
Wireless ad-hoc mesh network is a special kind of network, where all of the nodes move in time. The topology of the network changes as the nodes are in the proximity of each other. Ad-hoc networks are generally self-configuring no stable infrastructure takes a place. In this network, each node should help relaying packets of neighboring nodes using multi-hop routing mechanism. This mechanism is needed to reach far destination nodes to solve problem of dead communication. This multiple traffic "hops" within a wireless mesh network caused dilemma. Wireless mesh network that contain multiple hops become increasingly vulnerable to problems such as energy degradation and rapid increasing of overhead packets. This paper provides a generic routing framework that balances energy efficient broadcast schemes in Wireless (Ad-Hoc) Mesh Network and maintaining connectivity of nodes (mobile terminals). Typically, each node’s activities will consume energy, either for sending packets, receiving or preparing/processing packets. Number of hops, distance of nodes, and size of packet will determine the consumption of energy. The framework is based on the principle that additional relay nodes with appropriate energy and routing metric between source and final destination significantly reduces the energy consumption necessary to deliver packets in Wireless (Ad-Hoc) Mesh Network while keep the connectivity of dynamic nodes. Using the framework, the average network connectivity is kept 18% higher and the lifetime of network lasting more than 2.38% compared with network with Link State Routing mechanism. The simulation notes that the end-to-end delay may increase rapidly if relay nodes are more than five.
DATA TRANSPARENT AUTHENTICATION USING QOD IN HYBRID NETWORKSEditor IJMTER
Hybrid networks are next generation of wireless networks that could be a
combination of Mobile wireless adhoc (MANET) networks and Wireless Infrastructure
networks. They are increasingly utilized in wireless communications that are extremely
supporting real time transmission with restricted Quality of Service. Invalid reservation and
race condition issues happens in MANET. In existing system, QoS-Oriented Distributed
routing protocol (QOD) is employed to boost the QoS support capability of hybrid networks,
it transforms the packet routing problem to resource scheduling problem that has 5
algorithms. They are, QoS guaranteed neighbor selection algorithm, Distributed packet
scheduling algorithm, Mobility based segment resizing algorithm, Traffic redundant
elimination algorithm and Data redundancy elimination based transmission algorithm. The
main drawback of hybrid networks is so far examined in minimum transmission hops and has
less beneficial feature with restricted number of mobile access points, mobility speeds, and
mobile workloads and with different network sizes. It will extremely perform on random
way point model and less in real mobility model. This paper present Data Transparent
Authentication to authenticates data streams by adjusting interpacket delay. Data Transparent
Authentication while not Communication overhead is an approach which reduces breakdown
of original information or sends out of band authentication data.
Energy Behavior in Ad Hoc Network Minimizing the Number of Hops and Maintaini...CSCJournals
Wireless ad-hoc mesh network is a special kind of network, where all of the nodes move in time. The topology of the network changes as the nodes are in the proximity of each other. Ad-hoc networks are generally self-configuring no stable infrastructure takes a place. In this network, each node should help relaying packets of neighboring nodes using multi-hop routing mechanism. This mechanism is needed to reach far destination nodes to solve problem of dead communication. This multiple traffic "hops" within a wireless mesh network caused dilemma. Wireless mesh network that contain multiple hops become increasingly vulnerable to problems such as energy degradation and rapid increasing of overhead packets. This paper provides a generic routing framework that balances energy efficient broadcast schemes in Wireless (Ad-Hoc) Mesh Network and maintaining connectivity of nodes (mobile terminals). Typically, each node’s activities will consume energy, either for sending packets, receiving or preparing/processing packets. Number of hops, distance of nodes, and size of packet will determine the consumption of energy. The framework is based on the principle that additional relay nodes with appropriate energy and routing metric between source and final destination significantly reduces the energy consumption necessary to deliver packets in Wireless (Ad-Hoc) Mesh Network while keep the connectivity of dynamic nodes. Using the framework, the average network connectivity is kept 18% higher and the lifetime of network lasting more than 2.38% compared with network with Link State Routing mechanism. The simulation notes that the end-to-end delay may increase rapidly if relay nodes are more than five.
DATA TRANSPARENT AUTHENTICATION USING QOD IN HYBRID NETWORKSEditor IJMTER
Hybrid networks are next generation of wireless networks that could be a
combination of Mobile wireless adhoc (MANET) networks and Wireless Infrastructure
networks. They are increasingly utilized in wireless communications that are extremely
supporting real time transmission with restricted Quality of Service. Invalid reservation and
race condition issues happens in MANET. In existing system, QoS-Oriented Distributed
routing protocol (QOD) is employed to boost the QoS support capability of hybrid networks,
it transforms the packet routing problem to resource scheduling problem that has 5
algorithms. They are, QoS guaranteed neighbor selection algorithm, Distributed packet
scheduling algorithm, Mobility based segment resizing algorithm, Traffic redundant
elimination algorithm and Data redundancy elimination based transmission algorithm. The
main drawback of hybrid networks is so far examined in minimum transmission hops and has
less beneficial feature with restricted number of mobile access points, mobility speeds, and
mobile workloads and with different network sizes. It will extremely perform on random
way point model and less in real mobility model. This paper present Data Transparent
Authentication to authenticates data streams by adjusting interpacket delay. Data Transparent
Authentication while not Communication overhead is an approach which reduces breakdown
of original information or sends out of band authentication data.
TECHNIQUES FOR OFFLOADING LTE EVOLVED PACKET CORE TRAFFIC USING OPENFLOW: A C...IJCNCJournal
Cellular users of today have an insatiable appetite for bandwidth and data. Data-intensive applications, such as video on demand, online gaming and video conferencing, have gained prominence. This, coupled with recent innovations in the mobile network such as LTE/4G, poses a unique challenge to network
operators in how to extract the most value from their deployments while reducing their Total Cost of Operations(TCO). To this end, a number of enhancements have been proposed to the “conventional” LTE mobile network. Most of these recognize the monolithic and non-elastic nature of the mobile backend and propose complimenting core functionality with concepts borrowed from Software Defined Networking
(SDN). In this paper, we will attempt to explore some existing options within the LTE standard to address traffic challenges. We then survey some SDN-enabled alternatives and comment on their merits and drawbacks.
IP-optical convergence: a complete solutionEricsson
Networks with separate IP and optical transport networks suffer from an unnecessary resource overhead, as each network has its own control and management mechanisms. In addition to the extra resources needed to reach a given performance target, separation also makes networks more complex than they need to be. Like many other issues that operators face today, this causes costs to rise and lowers the ability to evolve with changing business environments.
Call Admission Control (CAC) with Load Balancing Approach for the WLAN NetworksIJARIIT
The cell migrations take place between the different network operators, and require the significant information exchange between the operators to handle the migratory users. The new user registration requires the pre-shared information from the user’s equipment, which signifies the user recognition before registering the new user over the network. In this thesis, the proposed model has been aimed at the development of the new call admission control mechanism with the sub-channel assignment. The very basic utilization of the proposed model is to increase the number of the users over the given cell units, which is realized by using the sub-channel assignment to the users of the network. The proposed model is aimed at solving the issue by assigning the dual sub channels over the single communication channel. Also the proposed model is aimed at handling the minimum resource users by incorporating the load balancing approach over the given network segment. The load balancing approach shares the load of the overloaded cell with the cell with lowest resource utilization. The proposed model performance has been evaluated in the various scenarios and over all of the BTS nodes. The proposed model results have been obtained in the form of the resource utilization, network load, transmission delay, consumed bandwidth and data loss. The proposed model has shown the efficiency obtained by using the proposed call admission control (CAC) along with the new load balancing mechanism. The proposed model has shown the robustness of the proposed model in handling the cell overloading factors.
Dear Student,
DREAMWEB TECHNO SOLUTIONS is one of the Hardware Training and Software Development centre available in
Trichy. Pioneer in corporate training, DREAMWEB TECHNO SOLUTIONS provides training in all software
development and IT-related courses, such as Embedded Systems, VLSI, MATLAB, JAVA, J2EE, CIVIL,
Power Electronics, and Power Systems. It’s certified and experienced faculty members have the
competence to train students, provide consultancy to organizations, and develop strategic
solutions for clients by integrating existing and emerging technologies.
ADD: No:73/5, 3rd Floor, Sri Kamatchi Complex, Opp City Hospital, Salai Road, Trichy-18
Contact @ 7200021403/04
phone: 0431-4050403
Design Considerations for Converged Optical Ethernet NetworksVishal Sharma, Ph.D.
Transport networks have witnessed two significant trends over the past half decade or so. The first has been an explosion in the bandwidth that these networks can support and the distances over which they can support it. This is due to the advent of cost-effective wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) and dense-WDM (DWDM), as well as a slew of technologies that extend transmission range, such as...more
Analysis of Handoff techniques used for hybrid networks: cellular/WLAN IJORCS
Most real life networks are hybrid networks. A hybrid network combines the best features of two or more networks. In networking terminology, a hybrid network according to “Information Technology control and Audit” are reliable and versatile. They provide large numbers of connections and data transmission paths to users. These hybrid networks may be treated as network nodes for analysis purpose. The two radio access technologies (RATs) are considered with cellular/WLAN depending on whether it is voice/ data, video. For observing practical result, some setups are required in laboratory which includes interface from personal computer to mobile terminal and vice-versa. The network simulator (Ns-2) is used for analysis purpose. The results shows the parameters like energy good put, Bandwidth utilization, packet delivery ratio, energy good put and energy consumed are improved after using hybrid networks.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Practical active network services within content-aware gatewaysTal Lavian Ph.D.
The Internet has seen an increase in complexity due to the introduction of new types of networking devices and services, particularly at points of discontinuity known as network edges. As the networking industry continues to add revenue generating services at network edges, there is an increasing need to provide a systematic method for dynamically introducing and providing these new services in lieu of the ad-hoc approach that is in use today. To this end we support a phased approach to "activating" the Internet and suggest that there exists an immediate need for realizing Active Networks concepts at the network edges. In this context, we present our efforts towards the development of a Content-aware Active Gateway (CAG) architecture. With the help of two practical services running on our initial prototype, built from commercial networking devices, we give a qualitative and quantitative view of the CAG potential.
Maravedis-Rethink:White Paper Sensification SCWSWi-Fi 360
This short paper looks at the requirement for densification; the scale of capacity that operators will need by 2018; and the critical enablers, such as self-optimizing network (SON) technology. The data points referenced come from surveys of over 75 mobile operators by Maravedis-Rethink’s RAN Research Service. Fuller findings will be published in June 2014 in a report entitled ‘Towards the Hyper-Dense Network: the shape of the HetNet 2013-2019’.
GLOBAL FRONTRUNNER ROUTING ALGORITHM (GFRA) FOR V2V COMMUNICATION IN VANETS cscpconf
VANET (Vehicular Ad hoc NETwork) is the emerging research area that making the phrase
“Network on Wheel” true. In this new age network the basic WLAN (IEEE 802.11) standard is
used. As the necessity of such network increases the implementation challenges are being taken
into account. They are broadcasting, routing, priority scheduling and security and privacy. In
this paper the routing is considered as the research factor. A proposal for routing with
frequently changing topology to avoid disconnection of network on road and for the routing
among overlapping networks in flyovers with multiple ramps and stack to avoid wrong
messaging is given.
TECHNIQUES FOR OFFLOADING LTE EVOLVED PACKET CORE TRAFFIC USING OPENFLOW: A C...IJCNCJournal
Cellular users of today have an insatiable appetite for bandwidth and data. Data-intensive applications, such as video on demand, online gaming and video conferencing, have gained prominence. This, coupled with recent innovations in the mobile network such as LTE/4G, poses a unique challenge to network
operators in how to extract the most value from their deployments while reducing their Total Cost of Operations(TCO). To this end, a number of enhancements have been proposed to the “conventional” LTE mobile network. Most of these recognize the monolithic and non-elastic nature of the mobile backend and propose complimenting core functionality with concepts borrowed from Software Defined Networking
(SDN). In this paper, we will attempt to explore some existing options within the LTE standard to address traffic challenges. We then survey some SDN-enabled alternatives and comment on their merits and drawbacks.
IP-optical convergence: a complete solutionEricsson
Networks with separate IP and optical transport networks suffer from an unnecessary resource overhead, as each network has its own control and management mechanisms. In addition to the extra resources needed to reach a given performance target, separation also makes networks more complex than they need to be. Like many other issues that operators face today, this causes costs to rise and lowers the ability to evolve with changing business environments.
Call Admission Control (CAC) with Load Balancing Approach for the WLAN NetworksIJARIIT
The cell migrations take place between the different network operators, and require the significant information exchange between the operators to handle the migratory users. The new user registration requires the pre-shared information from the user’s equipment, which signifies the user recognition before registering the new user over the network. In this thesis, the proposed model has been aimed at the development of the new call admission control mechanism with the sub-channel assignment. The very basic utilization of the proposed model is to increase the number of the users over the given cell units, which is realized by using the sub-channel assignment to the users of the network. The proposed model is aimed at solving the issue by assigning the dual sub channels over the single communication channel. Also the proposed model is aimed at handling the minimum resource users by incorporating the load balancing approach over the given network segment. The load balancing approach shares the load of the overloaded cell with the cell with lowest resource utilization. The proposed model performance has been evaluated in the various scenarios and over all of the BTS nodes. The proposed model results have been obtained in the form of the resource utilization, network load, transmission delay, consumed bandwidth and data loss. The proposed model has shown the efficiency obtained by using the proposed call admission control (CAC) along with the new load balancing mechanism. The proposed model has shown the robustness of the proposed model in handling the cell overloading factors.
Dear Student,
DREAMWEB TECHNO SOLUTIONS is one of the Hardware Training and Software Development centre available in
Trichy. Pioneer in corporate training, DREAMWEB TECHNO SOLUTIONS provides training in all software
development and IT-related courses, such as Embedded Systems, VLSI, MATLAB, JAVA, J2EE, CIVIL,
Power Electronics, and Power Systems. It’s certified and experienced faculty members have the
competence to train students, provide consultancy to organizations, and develop strategic
solutions for clients by integrating existing and emerging technologies.
ADD: No:73/5, 3rd Floor, Sri Kamatchi Complex, Opp City Hospital, Salai Road, Trichy-18
Contact @ 7200021403/04
phone: 0431-4050403
Design Considerations for Converged Optical Ethernet NetworksVishal Sharma, Ph.D.
Transport networks have witnessed two significant trends over the past half decade or so. The first has been an explosion in the bandwidth that these networks can support and the distances over which they can support it. This is due to the advent of cost-effective wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) and dense-WDM (DWDM), as well as a slew of technologies that extend transmission range, such as...more
Analysis of Handoff techniques used for hybrid networks: cellular/WLAN IJORCS
Most real life networks are hybrid networks. A hybrid network combines the best features of two or more networks. In networking terminology, a hybrid network according to “Information Technology control and Audit” are reliable and versatile. They provide large numbers of connections and data transmission paths to users. These hybrid networks may be treated as network nodes for analysis purpose. The two radio access technologies (RATs) are considered with cellular/WLAN depending on whether it is voice/ data, video. For observing practical result, some setups are required in laboratory which includes interface from personal computer to mobile terminal and vice-versa. The network simulator (Ns-2) is used for analysis purpose. The results shows the parameters like energy good put, Bandwidth utilization, packet delivery ratio, energy good put and energy consumed are improved after using hybrid networks.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Practical active network services within content-aware gatewaysTal Lavian Ph.D.
The Internet has seen an increase in complexity due to the introduction of new types of networking devices and services, particularly at points of discontinuity known as network edges. As the networking industry continues to add revenue generating services at network edges, there is an increasing need to provide a systematic method for dynamically introducing and providing these new services in lieu of the ad-hoc approach that is in use today. To this end we support a phased approach to "activating" the Internet and suggest that there exists an immediate need for realizing Active Networks concepts at the network edges. In this context, we present our efforts towards the development of a Content-aware Active Gateway (CAG) architecture. With the help of two practical services running on our initial prototype, built from commercial networking devices, we give a qualitative and quantitative view of the CAG potential.
Maravedis-Rethink:White Paper Sensification SCWSWi-Fi 360
This short paper looks at the requirement for densification; the scale of capacity that operators will need by 2018; and the critical enablers, such as self-optimizing network (SON) technology. The data points referenced come from surveys of over 75 mobile operators by Maravedis-Rethink’s RAN Research Service. Fuller findings will be published in June 2014 in a report entitled ‘Towards the Hyper-Dense Network: the shape of the HetNet 2013-2019’.
GLOBAL FRONTRUNNER ROUTING ALGORITHM (GFRA) FOR V2V COMMUNICATION IN VANETS cscpconf
VANET (Vehicular Ad hoc NETwork) is the emerging research area that making the phrase
“Network on Wheel” true. In this new age network the basic WLAN (IEEE 802.11) standard is
used. As the necessity of such network increases the implementation challenges are being taken
into account. They are broadcasting, routing, priority scheduling and security and privacy. In
this paper the routing is considered as the research factor. A proposal for routing with
frequently changing topology to avoid disconnection of network on road and for the routing
among overlapping networks in flyovers with multiple ramps and stack to avoid wrong
messaging is given.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
Analysis of System Capacity and Spectral Efficiency of Fixed-Grid NetworkIJCNCJournal
In this article, the performance of a fixed grid network is examined for various modulation formats to estimate the system's capacity and spectral efficiency. The optical In-phase Quadrature Modulator (IQM) structure is used to build a fixed grid network modulation, and the homodyne detection approach is used for the receiver. Data multiplexing is accomplished using the Polarization Division Multiplexed (PDM) technology. 100 Gbps, 150 Gbps, and 200 Gbps data rates are transmitted under these circumstances utilizing various modulation formats. Various pre-processing and signal recovery steps are explained by using modern digital signal processing systems. The achieved spectrum efficiencies for PM-QPSK, PM-8 QAM, and PM-16 QAM, respectively, were 2, 3, and 4 (bits/s)/Hz. Different modulation like PM-QPSK, PM-8-QAM, and PM-16-QAM each has system capacities of 8-9, 12-13.5, and 16-18 Tbps and it reaches transmission distances of 3000, 1300, and 700 kilometers with acceptable Bit Error Rate (BER≤ 2× 10-3) respectively. Peak optical power for received signal detection and full width at half maximum is noted for the different modulations under a fixed grind network.
Since the photonic layer is the cheapest on a per-bit, per-function basis, and since
the key imperative before operator's today is to bridge the yawning gap between
exponentially increasing data traffic on the one-hand, and flat-to-declining revenues
on the other, a tighter coupling between the packet and optical layers to derive
operational, management, and deployment efficiencies, has...
Performance of MPLS-based Virtual Private Networks and Classic Virtual Privat...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) is effective in managing and utilizing available network bandwidth. It has advanced security features and a lower time delay. The existing literature has covered the performance of MPLS-based networks in relation to conventional Internet Protocol (IP) networks. But, too few literatures exist on the performance of MPLS-based Virtual Private Networks (VPN) in relation to traditional VPN networks. In this paper, a comparison is made between the effectiveness of the MPLS-VPN network and a classic VPN network using simulation studies done on OPNET®. The performance metrics used to carry out the comparison include; End to End Delay, Voice Packet Sent/Received and Label Switched Path’s Traffic. The simulation study was carried out with Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) as the test bed. The result of the study showed that MPLS-based VPN networks outperform classic VPN networks.
Analysis of System Capacity and Spectral Efficiency of Fixed-Grid NetworkIJCNCJournal
In this article, the performance of a fixed grid network is examined for various modulation formats to estimate the system's capacity and spectral efficiency. The optical In-phase Quadrature Modulator (IQM) structure is used to build a fixed grid network modulation, and the homodyne detection approach is used for the receiver. Data multiplexing is accomplished using the Polarization Division Multiplexed (PDM) technology. 100 Gbps, 150 Gbps, and 200 Gbps data rates are transmitted under these circumstances utilizing various modulation formats. Various pre-processing and signal recovery steps are explained by using modern digital signal processing systems. The achieved spectrum efficiencies for PM-QPSK, PM-8 QAM, and PM-16 QAM, respectively, were 2, 3, and 4 (bits/s)/Hz. Different modulation like PM-QPSK, PM-8-QAM, and PM-16-QAM each has system capacities of 8-9, 12-13.5, and 16-18 Tbps and it reaches transmission distances of 3000, 1300, and 700 kilometers with acceptable Bit Error Rate (BER≤ 2× 10-3) respectively. Peak optical power for received signal detection and full width at half maximum is noted for the different modulations under a fixed grind network.
AN ADAPTIVE DIFFSERV APPROACH TO SUPPORT QOS IN NETWORK MOBILITY NEMO ENVIRON...IJCNCJournal
Network Mobility Basic Support (NEMO BS) protocol (RFC 3963) is an extension of Mobile IPv6. The NEMO BS embraced by IETF working group to permit any node in the portable network to be accessible to the Internet despite the fact the network itself is roaming. This protocol likewise Mobile IPv6 doesn’t deliver any kind of Quality of Service (QoS) guarantees to its clients. It can barely offer the same level of services (i.e. Best-Effort) to all the users without obligation to the application’s needs. This propositions a challenge to real-time applications that demand a precise level of QoS pledge. The Differentiated Services has recently come to be the most widely used QoS support technology in IP networks due to its relative simplicity and scalability benefits. This paper proposes a new scheme to provide QoS to mobile network nodes within NEMO context. The proposed scheme intends to reduce handover latency for the users of MNN as well as alleviates packet losses. The feasibility of the proposed enhancement is assessed by measuring its performance against the native NEMO BS standard protocol using NS-2 simulator. The obtained results in the simulation study have demonstrated that the proposed scheme outperforms the standard NEMO BS protocol.
10-Gb/S Transmission of Wdm Pon for Man with 50km Reach Based On FtthIJERA Editor
The wavelength-division-multiplexed passive optical network (WDM-PON) is considered to be the next evolutionary solution for a simplified and future-proofed access system that can accommodate exponential traffic growth and bandwidth-hungry new applications. WDM-PON mitigates the complicated time-sharing and power budget issues in time division- multiplexed PON (TDM-PON) by providing virtual point-to-point optical connectivity to multiple end users through a dedicated pair of wavelengths. The objective of this paper is proposed a scheme for metropolitan area networks comprising optical components based on arrayed waveguide grating multiplexers, demultiplexers .The Arrayed waveguide gratings based multiplexers and demultiplexers for WDM applications prove to be capable of precise multiplexing and demultiplexing of a large number of channels with relatively low losses.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.