This document provides an introduction to research methods. It defines research as the systematic investigation into a subject to improve knowledge and understanding. Research can be conducted to learn about a subject, test a theory, make discoveries, or revise understanding. There are two main types of research: primary research, which collects original data through methods like surveys, interviews and experiments, and secondary research, which analyzes existing information from sources like books, websites and films. The research process should use appropriate methodology for the subject and include a variety of reliable sources. Effective research includes defining a field of study, research focus or question to guide the collection and analysis of information.
3. Introduction to Research Methods
Investigation into a subject
to improve knowledge and
understanding
Dictionary definition:
The systematic investigation into and study of materials
and sources in order to establish facts and reach new
conclusions.
www.oxforddictionaries.com
5. Introduction to Research Methods
• To learn about a subject
• To test a theory or hypothesis
• To improve knowledge
• To make discoveries
• To establish facts
• To revise existing understanding
• To test opinions
9. Introduction to Research Methods
Collecting original data and
information, generated by yourself:
• Surveys
• Interviews
• Focus group
• Documentary photography
• Observations
• Experiments
• Testing samples
11. Introduction to Research Methods
Collecting and analysing information or
data produced by someone else:
• Books
• Magazines, newspapers and journals
• Websites
• Television and radio programmes
• Films
• Other digital sources
• Exhibitions
13. Introduction to Research Methods
Collecting a high volume or large
quantity of data:
• Surveys and questionnaires
• Large sample size
• Structured - closed questions
• Measurement
• Numerical data
• Structured observations
15. Introduction to Research Methods
Collecting descriptive data with
greater depth:
• Interviews
• Focus groups
• Discussions
• Observations
• Surveys with open-ended questions
• Descriptive data
17. Introduction to Research Methods
• The process you use to conduct
your research is called a research
methodology
• You should use research
methodology that is appropriate to
your subject
• You should try to use a variety of
sources and ensure that they are
reliable (valid)
19. Introduction to Research Methods
• The subject area that you are
studying
• Broadly defined
• It is the main area to look for
sources of information
21. Introduction to Research Methods
• The focus is within your field
of study
• This is particular area you are
concentrating your research on
• May be set by your tutors in
relation to specific modules
• Can be defined by yourself
• Helps to concentrate on research
sources that are most relevant
23. Introduction to Research Methods
• Majority of research starts with
a question
• This maybe a set by your tutors
as an assignment
• It can be something you are
interested in or want to find
out about
• Indicates the focus of your research
24. Introduction to Research Methods
• Analysis of your research
question will help identify
sources
• Always refer back to your
research question
• Make sure you understand what
is being asked
• Look up any words you don’t
understand
26. Introduction to Research Methods
• Sometimes you may need to do
background research
• This maybe about your subject
• This is called reading around
your subject
• It maybe in another area related
to your subject
• Helps you understand what you
are writing about
• Important for providing context