Embedded Systems (18EC62) – Embedded System Components (Module 3)Shrishail Bhat
Lecture Slides for Embedded Systems (18EC62) - Embedded System Components (Module 3) for VTU Students
Contents
Embedded Vs General computing system, Classification of Embedded systems, Major applications and purpose of ES. Elements of an Embedded System (Block diagram and explanation), Differences between RISC and CISC, Harvard and Princeton, Big and Little Endian formats, Memory (ROM and RAM types), Sensors, Actuators, Optocoupler, Communication Interfaces (I2C, SPI, IrDA, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, Zigbee only)
Embedded Systems (18EC62) – Embedded System Components (Module 3)Shrishail Bhat
Lecture Slides for Embedded Systems (18EC62) - Embedded System Components (Module 3) for VTU Students
Contents
Embedded Vs General computing system, Classification of Embedded systems, Major applications and purpose of ES. Elements of an Embedded System (Block diagram and explanation), Differences between RISC and CISC, Harvard and Princeton, Big and Little Endian formats, Memory (ROM and RAM types), Sensors, Actuators, Optocoupler, Communication Interfaces (I2C, SPI, IrDA, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, Zigbee only)
An embedded system is a combination of the computer hardware and software accomplished with additional mechanical or other parts designed to perform a specific function.
Embedded software is an almost every electronic device in the use today. There is a software hidden away inside our watches, VCR's, cellular phones.A well-designed embedded system conceals the existence of the processor and the software .
http://www.edgefxkits.com/
Visit our page to get more ideas on embedded system by professionals.
Edgefx provides free verified embedded system kits around the world with abstracts, circuit diagrams, and free electronic software. We provide guidance manual for Do It Yourself Kits (DIY) with the modules at best price along with free shipping.
In this ppt you will learn about the various memory and its types inside the computer. The ppt also describes an analogy for your better understanding. Hope it will be fun learning.
EC8791-Embedded and Real Time Systems #7th Sem ECE #Embedded System Introduction # Embedded System Real Time Examples #Career opportunity in Embedded System Filed #Growth of Embedded System
EDLC-EMBEDDED PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLESabeel Irshad
Embedded Product Development Life Cycle (Let us call it as EDLC, though it is not a standard and universal term) is an 'Analysis -Design -Implementation' based standard problem solving approach for Embedded Product Development. In any product development application, the first and foremost step is to figure out what product needs to be developed (analysis), next you need to figure out a good approach for building it (design) and last but not least you need to develop it (implementation).
An embedded system is a combination of the computer hardware and software accomplished with additional mechanical or other parts designed to perform a specific function.
Embedded software is an almost every electronic device in the use today. There is a software hidden away inside our watches, VCR's, cellular phones.A well-designed embedded system conceals the existence of the processor and the software .
http://www.edgefxkits.com/
Visit our page to get more ideas on embedded system by professionals.
Edgefx provides free verified embedded system kits around the world with abstracts, circuit diagrams, and free electronic software. We provide guidance manual for Do It Yourself Kits (DIY) with the modules at best price along with free shipping.
In this ppt you will learn about the various memory and its types inside the computer. The ppt also describes an analogy for your better understanding. Hope it will be fun learning.
EC8791-Embedded and Real Time Systems #7th Sem ECE #Embedded System Introduction # Embedded System Real Time Examples #Career opportunity in Embedded System Filed #Growth of Embedded System
EDLC-EMBEDDED PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLESabeel Irshad
Embedded Product Development Life Cycle (Let us call it as EDLC, though it is not a standard and universal term) is an 'Analysis -Design -Implementation' based standard problem solving approach for Embedded Product Development. In any product development application, the first and foremost step is to figure out what product needs to be developed (analysis), next you need to figure out a good approach for building it (design) and last but not least you need to develop it (implementation).
Industrial monitoring and control system using android applicationAvinash Vemula
Automation takes the complete control of total plants few authentication and manual actions are needed from user side for completing action .Hence there is a must situation for users presence at all times in the control for taking some timely needed control actions. The proposed system provides a good solution to this problem. The whole control room environment is additionally implemented in the arm-android platform and the same is communicated to the process through Bluetooth. Now the user in control can use mobile at anytime, anywhere to monitor and control the whole plant.8051 is used here for acquiring process control parameters from the sensors like temperature, gas etc and transmitting it via a Bluetooth module to an android device. Hence the parameter values can be monitored and stored simultaneously.
The aim of this project is to inform the doctor about the ICU patient condition through wireless. For the
medical professionals it becomes important to continuously monitor the conditions of a patient. In a large
setup like a hospital or clinical center where a single doctor attends many patients, it becomes difficult to
keep informed about the critical conditions developed in each of the patients. This project provides a device
which will continuously monitor the vital parameters to be monitored for a patient and do data logging
continuously. If any critical situation arises in a patient, this unit also raises an alarm and also
communicates to the concerned doctor by means of an SMS to the doctor.
Embedded System, EMBEDDED SYSTEM: AN INTRODUCTION, ELEMENTS OF EMBEDDED SYSTEMS, CORE THE OF EMBEDDED SYSTEM, CHARACTERISTICS & QUALITY ATTRIBUTES OF EMBEDDED SYSTEMS, EMBEDDED HARDWARE FROM SOFTWARE PROGRAMMERS PERSPECTIVE,
This tutorial will provide you information on following topics related to Embedded systems.
1. Description of Embedded system.
2. Characteristics of Embedded system.
3. Components of Embedded system.
4. Basic Structure of Embedded system.
5. Parts of Embedded system.
6. Embedded Processors.
7. Applications Of Embedded systems.
8. Consumer Application.
9. Transportation.
10. Medical Equipment.
11. Advantages and Disadvantages.
12. Reliability.
13. Tools used in Embedded systems.
DESIGN OF AN EMBEDDED SYSTEM: BEDSIDE PATIENT MONITORijesajournal
Embedded systems in the range of from a tiny microcontroller-based sensor device to mobile smart phones
have vast variety of applications. However, in the literature there is no up to date system-level design of
embedded hardware and software, instead academic publications are mainly focused on the improvement
of specific features of embedded software/hardware and the embedded system designs for specific
applications. Moreover, commercially available embedded systems are not disclosed for the view of
researchers in the literature. Therefore, in this paper we first present how to design a state of art embedded
system including emerged hardware and software technologies. Bedside Patient monitor devices used in
intensive cares units of hospitals are also classified as embedded systems and run sophisticated software
and algorithms for better diagnosis of diseases. We reveal the architecture of our, commercially available,
bedside patient monitor to provide a design example of embedded systemsrelating to emerged technologies.
DESIGN OF AN EMBEDDED SYSTEM: BEDSIDE PATIENT MONITORijesajournal
Embedded systems in the range of from a tiny microcontroller-based sensor device to mobile smart phones
have vast variety of applications. However, in the literature there is no up to date system-level design of
embedded hardware and software, instead academic publications are mainly focused on the improvement
of specific features of embedded software/hardware and the embedded system designs for specific
applications. Moreover, commercially available embedded systems are not disclosed for the view of
researchers in the literature. Therefore, in this paper we first present how to design a state of art embedded
system including emerged hardware and software technologies. Bedside Patient monitor devices used in
intensive cares units of hospitals are also classified as embedded systems and run sophisticated software
and algorithms for better diagnosis of diseases. We reveal the architecture of our, commercially available,
bedside patient monitor to provide a design example of embedded systemsrelating to emerged technologies.
Lecture 1 for Digital Image Processing (2nd Edition)Moe Moe Myint
-What is Digital Image Processing?
-The Origins of Digital Image Processing
-Examples of Fields that Use Digital Image Processing
-Fundamentals Steps in Digital Image Processing
-Components of an Image Processing System
Digital Image Processing (Lab 1)
Course Objectives: To learn the fundamental concepts of Digital Image Processing and to study basic image processing operations.
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Pile Foundation by Venkatesh Taduvai (Sub Geotechnical Engineering II)-conver...
Introduction to Embedded Systems I : Chapter 1
1. Introduction to
EMBEDDED SYSTEM
SHIBU K V
Dr Moe Moe Myint
Department of Computer Engineering & Information Technology
Mandalay Technological University
www.slideshare.net/MoeMoeMyint
moemoemyint@moemyanmar.ml
moe2myint.mdy@gmail.com
drmoemoemyint.blogspot.com
1
2. Course Objectives
Recognize the major components that constitute an embedded
system
Apply small programs to solve well-defined problems on an
embedded platform
Practice familiarity with tools used to develop in an embedded
environment
2
Mandalay Technological University
Department of Computer Engineering and Information Technology
3. Course Outcomes
Classify the differences between the general computing system and the
embedded system
Become familiar with programming environment used to develop
embedded systems and also recognizes the key concepts of embedded
systems like IO, timers, interrupts, interaction with peripheral devices
Practice to do hardware/software co-design for embedded systems
3
Mandalay Technological University
Department of Computer Engineering and Information Technology
4. Agenda
1.1 What is an Embedded Systems 4
1.2 Embedded Systems vs. General Computing Systems 4
1.3 History of Embedded Systems 5
1.4 Classification of Embedded Systems 6
1.5 Major Application Areas of Embedded Systems 7
1.6 Purpose of Embedded Systems
1.7 ‘Smart’ Running Shoes from Adida_The Innovative Bonding of
Lifestyle with Embedded Technology 11
4
Mandalay Technological University
Department of Computer Engineering and Information Technology
5. Chapter 1 : Learning Objectives
Learn what an Embedded System is
Learn the difference between Embedded Systems and General Computing
Systems
Know the history of Embedded Systems
Learn the classification of Embedded Systems based on performance,
complexity and the era in which they evolved
Know the domains and areas of applications of Embedded Systems
Understand the different purposes of Embedded Systems
Analysis of a real life example on the bonding of embedded technology
with human life
5
Mandalay Technological University
Department of Computer Engineering and Information Technology
6. 1.1 What is an Embedded System?
An ES is an electronic/electro-mechanical
system designed to perform a specific
function
And a combination of both hardware and
firmware (software)
Every ES is Unique and hardware as well as
the firmware is highly specialized to the
application domain
ES are becoming an inevitable part of any
product or equipment in all fields including
household appliances, telecommunications,
medical equipment, industrial control,
consumer products, etc.
6
CPU
mem
input
output analog
analog
embedded
System
Mandalay Technological University
Department of Computer Engineering and Information Technology
7. 1.2 Comparison of ES & General Purpose Computing System
7
Criteria General Purpose Computer Embedded System
Contents A system which is a combination
of a generic hardware and a
General Purpose Operating System
for executing a variety of
applications.
A system which is a combination of
special purpose hardware and
embedded OS/firmware for executing a
specific set of applications
OS It contains a general purpose
operating system (GPOS).
It may or not contain an operating
system for functioning.
Alterations Applications are alterable by the
user.
Applications are not-alterable by the
user.
Key factor Performance is key factor. Application specific requirements are
key factors.
Power
Consumption
More Less
Response Time Not critical Critical for some applications
Execution Need not be deterministic Deterministic for certain types of ES
like ‘Hard Real Time’ systems.
Mandalay Technological University
Department of Computer Engineering and Information Technology
9. 1.5 Major Application Areas of ES
The application areas and the products in the embedded
domain are countless.
1. Consumer electronics: Camcorders, cameras, etc.
2. Household appliances: Television, DVD players, washing machine,
fridge, microwave oven, etc.
3. Home automation and security systems: Air conditioners, sprinklers,
intruder detection alarms, closed circuit television cameras, fire
alarms, etc.
4. Automotive industry: Anti-lock breaking systems (ABS), engine
control, ignition systems, automatic navigation systems, etc.
5. Telecom: Cellular telephones, telephone switches, handset
multimedia applications, etc.
9
Mandalay Technological University
Department of Computer Engineering and Information Technology
10. Cont’d10
6. Computer peripherals: Printers, scanners, fax machines, etc.
7. Computer Networking systems: Network routers, switches, hubs,
firewalls, etc.
8. Healthcare: Different kinds of scanners, EEG, ECG machines etc.
9. Measurement & Instrumentation: Digital multi meters, digital CROs,
logic analyzers PLC systems, etc.
10. Banking & Retail: Automatic teller machines (ATM) and currency
counters, point of sales (POS).
11. Card Readers: Barcode, smart card readers, hand held devices, etc.
Mandalay Technological University
Department of Computer Engineering and Information Technology
11. 11
Logic analyzers PLC systems
Point of Sales (POS)
Hand Held Devices
Back
Mandalay Technological University
Department of Computer Engineering and Information Technology
12. 1.6 Purpose of ES
Each embedded system is designed to serve the purpose of any one or a
combination of the following tasks:
1. Data collection/Storage/Representation
2. Data Communication
3. Data (signal) processing
4. Monitoring
5. Control
6. Application specific user interface
12
Mandalay Technological University
Department of Computer Engineering and Information Technology
13. Cont’d
1. Data Collection/Storage/Representation
Embedded systems designed for the purpose of data collection performs
acquisition of data from the external world.
Data collection is usually done for storage, analysis, manipulation and
transmission.
Data can be either analog (continuous) or digital (discrete).
Embedded systems with analog data capturing techniques collect data
directly in the form of analog signal whereas embedded systems with
digital data collection mechanism converts the analog signal to the digital
signal using analog to digital (A/D) converters and then collects the
binary equivalent of the analog data.
If the data is digital, it can be directly captured without any additional
interface by digital embedded systems.
A digital camera is a typical example of an embedded system with data
collection/storage/representation of data.
Images are captured and the captured image may be stored within the
memory of the camera. The captured image can also be presented to the
user through a graphic LCD unit.
13
Mandalay Technological University
Department of Computer Engineering and Information Technology
14. Cont’d
2. Data Communication
Embedded data communication systems are deployed in
applications from complex satellite communication systems to
simple home networking systems.
The transmission is achieved either by a wire-line medium or by a
wire-less medium.
Data can either be transmitted by analog means or by digital means.
14
Mandalay Technological University
Department of Computer Engineering and Information Technology
15. The data collecting embedded terminal itself can incorporate data
communication units like Wireless modules (Bluetooth, ZigBee, Wi-
Fi, EDGE, GPRS, etc.) or wire-line modules (RS-232C, USB, TCP/IP,
PS2,etc).
Network hubs, routers, switches, etc. are typical examples of
dedicated data transmission embedded systems.
15
Cont’d
Mandalay Technological University
Department of Computer Engineering and Information Technology
16. Cont’d
3. Data (Signal) Processing
Embedded systems with
signal processing functionalities are employed in applications demanding
signal processing like speech coding, synthesis, audio video codec,
transmission applications, etc.
A digital hearing aid is a typical example of an embedded system
employing data processing.
Digital hearing aid improves the hearing capacity of hearing
impaired persons.
16
Mandalay Technological University
Department of Computer Engineering and Information Technology
17. Cont’d
4. Monitoring
Almost all embedded products coming under the medical domain
are with monitoring functions only.
Electro cardiogram machine (ECG) is intended to do the monitoring
of the heartbeat of a patient but it cannot impose control over the
heartbeat.
Other examples with monitoring function are digital CRO, digital
multimeters, and logic analyzers.
17
Mandalay Technological University
Department of Computer Engineering and Information Technology
18. Cont’d
5. Control
A system with control functionality contains both sensors and
actuators.
Sensors are connected to the input port for capturing the changes in
environmental variable or measuring variable.
The actuators connected to the output port are controlled according
to the changes in the input variable.
Air conditioner system used in our home to control the room
temperature to a specified limit is a typical example for ES for
CONTROL purpose.
18
Mandalay Technological University
Department of Computer Engineering and Information Technology
19. Cont’d
6. Applications specific user interface
Buttons, switches, keypad, lights, speakers, display units, etc. are
application-specific user interfaces.
Mobile phone is an example of application specific user interface.
In mobile phone the user interface is provided through the keypad,
graphic LCD module, system speaker, vibration alert, etc.
19
Mandalay Technological University
Department of Computer Engineering and Information Technology
20. Understanding Test Questions I
1. Embedded systems are
(a) General purpose (b) Special purpose
2. Embedded system is
(a) An electronic system (b) A pure mechanical system
(c ) An electro-mechanical system (d) (a) or ( c )
3. Which of the following is not true about embedded systems?
(a) Built around specialized hardware
(b) Always contain an operating system
(c ) Execution behavior may be deterministic
(d) All of these
(e) None of these
20
Mandalay Technological University
Department of Computer Engineering and Information Technology
21. Cont’d
4. Which of the following is (are) an intended purpose(s) of
embedded systems?
(a) Data collection (b) Data processing (c ) Data communication
(d) All of these (e) None of these
5. Which of the following is an (are) example(s) of embedded system
for data communication?
(a) USB Mass storage device (b) Network router
(c ) Digital camera (d) Music player
(e) All of these (f) None of these
6. A digital multi meter is an example of an embedded system for
(a) Data communication (b) Monitoring
(c) Control (d) All of these
(e) None of these
21
Mandalay Technological University
Department of Computer Engineering and Information Technology
22. Review Questions I
1. What is an embedded system? Explain the different
applications of embedded systems.
2. Explain the various purposes of embedded systems in
detail with illustrative examples.
22
Mandalay Technological University
Department of Computer Engineering and Information Technology
23. Assignment I
Define Embedded System with the help of
Group 1: Traffic Light
Group 2: Digital Hearing Aid
Group 3: Bluetooth Controlled Car
Group 4: Obstacle Avoiding Car
Group 5: Intruder Detection Alarm
Group 6: Sprinklers
As an example.
Deadline : 19.12.17 (Coming Tuesday)
23
Mandalay Technological University
Department of Computer Engineering and Information Technology
24. Only Original Owner has full rights reserved for copied images.
This PPT is only for fair academic use.
24
Mandalay Technological University
Department of Computer Engineering and Information Technology
The embedded system and the general purpose computer are at two extremes.
The ES is designed to perform a specific task whereas as per definition the general purpose computer is meant for general use.
It can be used for playing games, watching movies, creating software, work on documents or spreadsheets etc.