The document provides details about a construction project for a compound building with office and workshop spaces located in Chakan, India. It describes the project site dimensions and structures built, including 3 floors of offices, a workshop, parking, and utilities. Construction methods and materials used are outlined, such as reinforced concrete columns, beams, slabs, walls, and a water tank. Machinery, equipment, processes, and testing for the concrete work are also summarized, including forms of compaction, curing, and strength testing of concrete blocks.
This document provides information about an industrial training report on a hospital construction project. It includes a site profile of the Smita Memorial Hospital, which is a 416 bed multi-specialty hospital. It also discusses familiarization with relevant IS codes, concrete mix design, tests on concrete including slump and cube tests, site visits covering placing, compacting, finishing of concrete and construction of columns and beams. Finally, it discusses quality control methods and safety provisions for the construction site, including staircase safety for high rise buildings.
civil enginnering industrial training report KRISHNA MURARI
This document provides a report on Krishna Murari Kandu's industrial training at the Vinod Nagar Station Yard project of Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Ltd. It discusses the construction of the double deck stabling yard including piling, pile caps, piers and the boundary wall. It also describes the bar bending schedule process and various tests performed at the site and in the lab, including tests on bentonite, slump tests, and concrete cube tests. The training helped provide an overview of the construction process and quality control measures for a metro rail project.
Multistorey residential building construction training reportBeing Deepak
This document provides details about a practical training report submitted for a Bachelor's degree in Civil Engineering. It describes a multi-storey residential building project consisting of a ground plus twelve floors with 93 flats. The report covers various aspects of the building construction including sub-structure, super-structure, materials, testing, equipment, brick masonry, plaster and building by-laws.
This document provides details about the construction of a residential building with 7 flats in Nagpur, India. It describes the foundation layout including spread footings and reinforcement. Preparations for the slab pour are outlined, including leveling, formwork, reinforcement, and calculating the concrete volume. Activities after casting like curing and starter columns are also summarized. The conclusion reflects on how the training helped provide practical experience in areas like planning, execution, and concrete volume calculations.
- The document summarizes an internship report for a construction project of a regional office building for the Employers State Insurance Corporation.
- Key details include the project involved construction of a G+6 building over 11852 sqm of land at an estimated cost of 70.99 crore rupees, though it was delayed by 4 years.
- During the internship, the student gained experience in site execution, documentation, reconciliation, and contracts by coordinating painting, plastering, and tiling work and managing labor.
This document describes the structural health monitoring system for the Signature Bridge being constructed across the Yamuna River in Delhi, India. The cable-stayed bridge will be 675 meters long with 154 meter tall pylons. The monitoring system will monitor environmental factors, load factors, and the bridge's structural response to detect damage, monitor weather loading, and monitor earthquakes. It will use industrial-grade components capable of continuous operation in all weather conditions.
The document is a mini project report on the use of cationic bitumen for constructing rural roads using cold mix technology. It discusses how bitumen emulsion allows bitumen to be used at cold temperatures, avoiding the need for heating. This saves energy and reduces pollution. The project involves experimental work to identify the performance of roads constructed using cationic bitumen and cold mix design. It will evaluate aspects like strength, roughness, cracking and moisture damage. The results will help understand the advantages and limitations of this approach.
This document provides information about an industrial training report on a hospital construction project. It includes a site profile of the Smita Memorial Hospital, which is a 416 bed multi-specialty hospital. It also discusses familiarization with relevant IS codes, concrete mix design, tests on concrete including slump and cube tests, site visits covering placing, compacting, finishing of concrete and construction of columns and beams. Finally, it discusses quality control methods and safety provisions for the construction site, including staircase safety for high rise buildings.
civil enginnering industrial training report KRISHNA MURARI
This document provides a report on Krishna Murari Kandu's industrial training at the Vinod Nagar Station Yard project of Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Ltd. It discusses the construction of the double deck stabling yard including piling, pile caps, piers and the boundary wall. It also describes the bar bending schedule process and various tests performed at the site and in the lab, including tests on bentonite, slump tests, and concrete cube tests. The training helped provide an overview of the construction process and quality control measures for a metro rail project.
Multistorey residential building construction training reportBeing Deepak
This document provides details about a practical training report submitted for a Bachelor's degree in Civil Engineering. It describes a multi-storey residential building project consisting of a ground plus twelve floors with 93 flats. The report covers various aspects of the building construction including sub-structure, super-structure, materials, testing, equipment, brick masonry, plaster and building by-laws.
This document provides details about the construction of a residential building with 7 flats in Nagpur, India. It describes the foundation layout including spread footings and reinforcement. Preparations for the slab pour are outlined, including leveling, formwork, reinforcement, and calculating the concrete volume. Activities after casting like curing and starter columns are also summarized. The conclusion reflects on how the training helped provide practical experience in areas like planning, execution, and concrete volume calculations.
- The document summarizes an internship report for a construction project of a regional office building for the Employers State Insurance Corporation.
- Key details include the project involved construction of a G+6 building over 11852 sqm of land at an estimated cost of 70.99 crore rupees, though it was delayed by 4 years.
- During the internship, the student gained experience in site execution, documentation, reconciliation, and contracts by coordinating painting, plastering, and tiling work and managing labor.
This document describes the structural health monitoring system for the Signature Bridge being constructed across the Yamuna River in Delhi, India. The cable-stayed bridge will be 675 meters long with 154 meter tall pylons. The monitoring system will monitor environmental factors, load factors, and the bridge's structural response to detect damage, monitor weather loading, and monitor earthquakes. It will use industrial-grade components capable of continuous operation in all weather conditions.
The document is a mini project report on the use of cationic bitumen for constructing rural roads using cold mix technology. It discusses how bitumen emulsion allows bitumen to be used at cold temperatures, avoiding the need for heating. This saves energy and reduces pollution. The project involves experimental work to identify the performance of roads constructed using cationic bitumen and cold mix design. It will evaluate aspects like strength, roughness, cracking and moisture damage. The results will help understand the advantages and limitations of this approach.
Keman Group is an Indian company that has been in business since 1989 providing core drilling, anchor installation, rebar grouting, and other construction services. Since 2001, Keman has also been a leader in heavy diamond cutting and demolition projects across India. Keman owns demolition robots, including a Brokk 90 and Brokk 260, which offer advantages for tunneling work by being small, electric-powered, and maneuverable. Waterjet demolition is an alternative to traditional impact methods for partial concrete removal that can precisely remove concrete without damaging reinforcing steel.
This document provides details about a residential building project constructed by Raunak Group in Mumbai. It includes a 13 storey building with 93 flats of 3 BHK configuration. The building uses shallow foundations consisting of individual, strip and raft foundations due to the soil conditions. The superstructure is constructed with reinforced concrete using materials like cement, fine and coarse aggregates, and water. Construction techniques like brick masonry and plastering are also discussed.
building Site report for 1st year students of B.sc Civil Engineering... this will be helpful in case you have just joined Civil Engineering Class and Your Teacher ask you to prepare a report based on Basic Knowledge.
Nursyafiqah Ismail completed her 10-week industrial training with Pembinaan Thin Chai Sdn. Bhd, a construction company established in 1970. She gained experience in design analysis, preparing method statements and bills of quantities, conducting site inspections, and ordering materials. Some of her responsibilities included designing fencing for a bridge project, drafting repair methods for concrete beams, and inspecting construction progress at sites in Gua Musang and Port Klang. Through hands-on learning and documentation tasks, she enhanced her skills in areas like structural analysis and software like AutoCAD.
Information on Concrete Batching Plant from Apollo Infratech Pvt. Ltd. kelvin larsen
Information on concrete batching plant for large scale concrete needs that includes how a central concrete batching plant meets the concrete needs of a construction site, why get concrete from concrete batching plant, benefit of central concrete batching than ready mix concrete.
Ppt summer presentation on finishing Of Police Station Construction SiteAlok Mishra
finishing Works at Police Station Khajuri Khas, Near Sonia Vihar, Delhi (SH: C/o Police Station Building, Electric sub Station & External Development Work i.e. Internal Electrical Installations)
The emergence of Ambuja Cement, way back in the middle of the 20 century, coincides with the beginning of the industrial India. The consistent of Ambuja Cement since mid 20 century in setting up of dynamic Indian industry, in the process of building an economically an socially strong India is a well known and recognized fact and the countrymen consider Ambuja Organisation as a steadfast forerunner in the case of strong self reliant India.
Nilkanth Engineering Works is a reputed manufacturer and exporter of all types of Construction machines like Concrete Batching Plant, Reversible Concrete Mixing Plant, Mobile Concrete Batching Plant.
This internship summary provides details about Vikas Kumar's internship at the Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Project CC 66 with Hindustan Construction Company Ltd. The key points are:
1. The project involved the design and construction of twin tunnels, an underground ramp, and an underground station from chainage 2580.00 to 4120.628 on the Dwarka-Najafgarh corridor of Delhi Metro Phase III.
2. The contractor was Hindustan Construction Company Ltd working for client Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Ltd. The project commenced in April 2014 and was to be completed in 36 months by April 2017 with a total budget of Rs. 300 crore.
3. The scope of work
Industrial training report of construction of the residential buildingsuraj jha
This document summarizes a presentation on a residential building construction project. It provides an overview of the project, including the location, number of floors, timeline, and project manager. It also describes the company undertaking the project, M k mehta enterprise, and its past projects. Additionally, it outlines the various steps of construction including site clearance, surveying, excavation, foundation, concreting, beams and columns. Key materials and equipment used are also summarized such as cement, aggregates, bricks, water, admixtures, and concrete pumping equipment. Building bylaws regarding plinth area regulations are also briefly mentioned.
The document summarizes a case study of using MMA crack sealer on the Wakota Bridge in 2006. Hairline cracks were discovered on the bridge deck. MMA crack sealer was tested against low-viscosity epoxy to seal the small cracks as epoxy was difficult and costly to apply. MMA crack sealer penetrated cracks down to 1 mil wide and filled cracks up to 6 inches deep. It was easily applied to the 180,000 square foot bridge deck in 5 days, sealing cracks and allowing the bridge to reopen to traffic quickly.
Hari Bhakta Sharma presented on their 5 week summer training project with the Department of Civil Engineering at Lovely Professional University. The project involved the four laning of NH75E from KM 82+400 to KM 195+800 in Madhya Pradesh. The presentation covered the need for highway construction, planning surveys, different types of earthworks used in the project including embankments and subgrading, and the various pavement layers constructed. Testing was performed on materials to check their suitability for the project.
B.Tech Final Year Internship @ Delhi Metro Rail CorporationChandan Kushwaha
The document summarizes a summer training presentation for JSS Academy of Technical Education students Chandan Kushwaha and Mohd Amaan Quasim at the ITD-ITD CEM joint venture for the DMRC CC-26R metro project in Delhi. The trainees learned about station construction including architecture, finishing, water, sanitation and drainage. Safety protocols were reviewed. Construction materials and quality testing procedures were observed. Site visits showcased work like floor polishing, tactile paving installation, and drainage system implementation. The trainees concluded it was a valuable learning experience.
The document discusses the materials and steps used in designing and constructing tower foundations. Concrete is the primary material used, with a mix ratio of 1:2:4:4. Key steps include testing the soil to determine the bearing capacity and subsoil water table, excavating for the foundation, setting concrete stubs in the correct locations, backfilling with excavated soil, curing the concrete for 10 days, and protecting foundations in locations prone to erosion. Protection methods include benching, installing wire mesh and boulders, and building stone masonry walls.
SBM machine optimization of cement grinding process to improve the economic benefit. The document discusses improvements to cement grinding technology, including using vertical roller mills and powder selecting machines. It describes how optimizing the grinding process can greatly improve grinding efficiency, reduce energy consumption by 12-15%, and increase cement strength by 3-5MPa, bringing significant economic benefits.
This document provides details about the construction of a six lane precast flyover between Bhavanipuram and Kanaka Durga Varadhi. The flyover is 5.28km long and was contracted for 282.4 crores. It describes the various stages of construction including batch plant operations, casting yard procedures, substructure elements like piles and piers, superstructure segments like spines and wings, and stressing of rebar. Completion of the flyover is expected to significantly reduce traffic problems in the area.
This document presents information on the construction of a flyover in Patna, Bihar, India. It discusses two proposed flyover projects connecting Mithapur flyover to Bhikhari Thakur flyover and Mithapur flyover to Chiraiyatand flyover. The contractor for the project is Rachna Construction Co. from Bharuch, Gujarat. The document then provides details on the execution of the project, including surveying, piling, pile cap construction, pier shaft construction, and testing procedures to ensure quality. It concludes by noting that flyovers make transportation easier but constructing them inside cities is difficult due to traffic interruptions during foundation work.
The document summarizes the construction process of columns for a seven storied residential building. It describes the process of forming kickers, placing reinforcement bars, shuttering, casting, and curing concrete columns. It provides details on the types and sizes of columns constructed, reinforcement details, and estimates of required construction materials. Laboratory and field tests were conducted to ensure quality of materials and construction methods.
The document discusses the construction process of a residential development project in Antara Gapi, Selangor. It describes the site details, project team, architectural drawings, construction plants and equipment used, and details the external works, foundation works including shallow foundations and deep pile foundations, and superstructure elements. Reinforced concrete piles are discussed as the deep foundation type used for the site.
1. The document discusses the process of cement road construction including preparation of the subgrade and base, forming, mixing and placing concrete, compaction, finishing, curing, adding joints and edging, and opening the road to traffic.
2. Key steps include preparation of the subgrade and granular base, using formwork to contain the wet concrete, mixing cement, sand, aggregate and water, compacting the concrete, curing it for 14-28 days, and filling joints before opening the cured road to traffic after a month.
3. Proper preparation of the subgrade and base, compaction and curing of the concrete are essential to produce a durable and strong cement road.
This document summarizes a project on Slurry Infiltrated Fibre Concrete (SIFCON). It acknowledges the support provided by the Principal and Head of the Civil Engineering Department. The objectives of the project were to develop high strength concrete using steel fibers, silica fume, superplasticizer with cement and sand. Various tests were conducted on the fresh slurry and hardened concrete specimens to evaluate the workability and mechanical properties. The document provides details on the mix design and testing conducted to understand the compressive strength, tensile strength and flexural behavior of SIFCON.
This document summarizes a study that monitors the effectiveness of positive reciprocal effects on vertical brand extension of the parent brand SAVLON. Specifically, it:
1) Discusses conducting in-depth interviews to understand consumer perceptions of a new soap product containing both antiseptic and beauty care qualities under the SAVLON brand name.
2) Aims to determine if this vertical brand extension will have a positive reciprocal effect on the SAVLON parent brand by gaining new users and increasing market share.
3) Outlines the research questions, methodology, and literature review topics like brands, brand extensions, reciprocal effects, bar soap, health soap, and beauty care soap to provide context and inform the study.
Keman Group is an Indian company that has been in business since 1989 providing core drilling, anchor installation, rebar grouting, and other construction services. Since 2001, Keman has also been a leader in heavy diamond cutting and demolition projects across India. Keman owns demolition robots, including a Brokk 90 and Brokk 260, which offer advantages for tunneling work by being small, electric-powered, and maneuverable. Waterjet demolition is an alternative to traditional impact methods for partial concrete removal that can precisely remove concrete without damaging reinforcing steel.
This document provides details about a residential building project constructed by Raunak Group in Mumbai. It includes a 13 storey building with 93 flats of 3 BHK configuration. The building uses shallow foundations consisting of individual, strip and raft foundations due to the soil conditions. The superstructure is constructed with reinforced concrete using materials like cement, fine and coarse aggregates, and water. Construction techniques like brick masonry and plastering are also discussed.
building Site report for 1st year students of B.sc Civil Engineering... this will be helpful in case you have just joined Civil Engineering Class and Your Teacher ask you to prepare a report based on Basic Knowledge.
Nursyafiqah Ismail completed her 10-week industrial training with Pembinaan Thin Chai Sdn. Bhd, a construction company established in 1970. She gained experience in design analysis, preparing method statements and bills of quantities, conducting site inspections, and ordering materials. Some of her responsibilities included designing fencing for a bridge project, drafting repair methods for concrete beams, and inspecting construction progress at sites in Gua Musang and Port Klang. Through hands-on learning and documentation tasks, she enhanced her skills in areas like structural analysis and software like AutoCAD.
Information on Concrete Batching Plant from Apollo Infratech Pvt. Ltd. kelvin larsen
Information on concrete batching plant for large scale concrete needs that includes how a central concrete batching plant meets the concrete needs of a construction site, why get concrete from concrete batching plant, benefit of central concrete batching than ready mix concrete.
Ppt summer presentation on finishing Of Police Station Construction SiteAlok Mishra
finishing Works at Police Station Khajuri Khas, Near Sonia Vihar, Delhi (SH: C/o Police Station Building, Electric sub Station & External Development Work i.e. Internal Electrical Installations)
The emergence of Ambuja Cement, way back in the middle of the 20 century, coincides with the beginning of the industrial India. The consistent of Ambuja Cement since mid 20 century in setting up of dynamic Indian industry, in the process of building an economically an socially strong India is a well known and recognized fact and the countrymen consider Ambuja Organisation as a steadfast forerunner in the case of strong self reliant India.
Nilkanth Engineering Works is a reputed manufacturer and exporter of all types of Construction machines like Concrete Batching Plant, Reversible Concrete Mixing Plant, Mobile Concrete Batching Plant.
This internship summary provides details about Vikas Kumar's internship at the Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Project CC 66 with Hindustan Construction Company Ltd. The key points are:
1. The project involved the design and construction of twin tunnels, an underground ramp, and an underground station from chainage 2580.00 to 4120.628 on the Dwarka-Najafgarh corridor of Delhi Metro Phase III.
2. The contractor was Hindustan Construction Company Ltd working for client Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Ltd. The project commenced in April 2014 and was to be completed in 36 months by April 2017 with a total budget of Rs. 300 crore.
3. The scope of work
Industrial training report of construction of the residential buildingsuraj jha
This document summarizes a presentation on a residential building construction project. It provides an overview of the project, including the location, number of floors, timeline, and project manager. It also describes the company undertaking the project, M k mehta enterprise, and its past projects. Additionally, it outlines the various steps of construction including site clearance, surveying, excavation, foundation, concreting, beams and columns. Key materials and equipment used are also summarized such as cement, aggregates, bricks, water, admixtures, and concrete pumping equipment. Building bylaws regarding plinth area regulations are also briefly mentioned.
The document summarizes a case study of using MMA crack sealer on the Wakota Bridge in 2006. Hairline cracks were discovered on the bridge deck. MMA crack sealer was tested against low-viscosity epoxy to seal the small cracks as epoxy was difficult and costly to apply. MMA crack sealer penetrated cracks down to 1 mil wide and filled cracks up to 6 inches deep. It was easily applied to the 180,000 square foot bridge deck in 5 days, sealing cracks and allowing the bridge to reopen to traffic quickly.
Hari Bhakta Sharma presented on their 5 week summer training project with the Department of Civil Engineering at Lovely Professional University. The project involved the four laning of NH75E from KM 82+400 to KM 195+800 in Madhya Pradesh. The presentation covered the need for highway construction, planning surveys, different types of earthworks used in the project including embankments and subgrading, and the various pavement layers constructed. Testing was performed on materials to check their suitability for the project.
B.Tech Final Year Internship @ Delhi Metro Rail CorporationChandan Kushwaha
The document summarizes a summer training presentation for JSS Academy of Technical Education students Chandan Kushwaha and Mohd Amaan Quasim at the ITD-ITD CEM joint venture for the DMRC CC-26R metro project in Delhi. The trainees learned about station construction including architecture, finishing, water, sanitation and drainage. Safety protocols were reviewed. Construction materials and quality testing procedures were observed. Site visits showcased work like floor polishing, tactile paving installation, and drainage system implementation. The trainees concluded it was a valuable learning experience.
The document discusses the materials and steps used in designing and constructing tower foundations. Concrete is the primary material used, with a mix ratio of 1:2:4:4. Key steps include testing the soil to determine the bearing capacity and subsoil water table, excavating for the foundation, setting concrete stubs in the correct locations, backfilling with excavated soil, curing the concrete for 10 days, and protecting foundations in locations prone to erosion. Protection methods include benching, installing wire mesh and boulders, and building stone masonry walls.
SBM machine optimization of cement grinding process to improve the economic benefit. The document discusses improvements to cement grinding technology, including using vertical roller mills and powder selecting machines. It describes how optimizing the grinding process can greatly improve grinding efficiency, reduce energy consumption by 12-15%, and increase cement strength by 3-5MPa, bringing significant economic benefits.
This document provides details about the construction of a six lane precast flyover between Bhavanipuram and Kanaka Durga Varadhi. The flyover is 5.28km long and was contracted for 282.4 crores. It describes the various stages of construction including batch plant operations, casting yard procedures, substructure elements like piles and piers, superstructure segments like spines and wings, and stressing of rebar. Completion of the flyover is expected to significantly reduce traffic problems in the area.
This document presents information on the construction of a flyover in Patna, Bihar, India. It discusses two proposed flyover projects connecting Mithapur flyover to Bhikhari Thakur flyover and Mithapur flyover to Chiraiyatand flyover. The contractor for the project is Rachna Construction Co. from Bharuch, Gujarat. The document then provides details on the execution of the project, including surveying, piling, pile cap construction, pier shaft construction, and testing procedures to ensure quality. It concludes by noting that flyovers make transportation easier but constructing them inside cities is difficult due to traffic interruptions during foundation work.
The document summarizes the construction process of columns for a seven storied residential building. It describes the process of forming kickers, placing reinforcement bars, shuttering, casting, and curing concrete columns. It provides details on the types and sizes of columns constructed, reinforcement details, and estimates of required construction materials. Laboratory and field tests were conducted to ensure quality of materials and construction methods.
The document discusses the construction process of a residential development project in Antara Gapi, Selangor. It describes the site details, project team, architectural drawings, construction plants and equipment used, and details the external works, foundation works including shallow foundations and deep pile foundations, and superstructure elements. Reinforced concrete piles are discussed as the deep foundation type used for the site.
1. The document discusses the process of cement road construction including preparation of the subgrade and base, forming, mixing and placing concrete, compaction, finishing, curing, adding joints and edging, and opening the road to traffic.
2. Key steps include preparation of the subgrade and granular base, using formwork to contain the wet concrete, mixing cement, sand, aggregate and water, compacting the concrete, curing it for 14-28 days, and filling joints before opening the cured road to traffic after a month.
3. Proper preparation of the subgrade and base, compaction and curing of the concrete are essential to produce a durable and strong cement road.
This document summarizes a project on Slurry Infiltrated Fibre Concrete (SIFCON). It acknowledges the support provided by the Principal and Head of the Civil Engineering Department. The objectives of the project were to develop high strength concrete using steel fibers, silica fume, superplasticizer with cement and sand. Various tests were conducted on the fresh slurry and hardened concrete specimens to evaluate the workability and mechanical properties. The document provides details on the mix design and testing conducted to understand the compressive strength, tensile strength and flexural behavior of SIFCON.
This document summarizes a study that monitors the effectiveness of positive reciprocal effects on vertical brand extension of the parent brand SAVLON. Specifically, it:
1) Discusses conducting in-depth interviews to understand consumer perceptions of a new soap product containing both antiseptic and beauty care qualities under the SAVLON brand name.
2) Aims to determine if this vertical brand extension will have a positive reciprocal effect on the SAVLON parent brand by gaining new users and increasing market share.
3) Outlines the research questions, methodology, and literature review topics like brands, brand extensions, reciprocal effects, bar soap, health soap, and beauty care soap to provide context and inform the study.
Internship is one of the keys for understanding more deeply the concepts learned from formal education by going through practical practices adapted by industries. And this rationale brought us to National Engineering Services Pakistan NESPAK.
During our internship we have learned a lot about building services and HVAC systems. Every topic from crust to core was explained to us and this report is an overview of what we learned. Information in this report is gathered from different sources like instruction manual, project proposals, online websites and notes provided by instructors.
This document gives reader an insight of design techniques for lifts, storage tanks, and HVAC systems along with introduction to international standards. Interactive visuals provide an ease to reader for understanding cyclic process and don’t let reader to get bored as traditional technical text does.
We have tried our best to eliminate all mistakes and misrepresentation of facts but since its natural for humans to make mistakes, so we ask your pardon in advance for any such mistake.
Thank you!
Major topics covered in this report about Building Services and HVAC are:
Building Services:
Lifts/Elevators (functioning, components, selection criteria, manufacturers, study of Emmar tower elevator system).
Fuel Storage Tanks (purposes, international standards for fuel storage tank design, use of EN-12285-1 , EN-12285-2 DIN 6612, Designing of a 10,000 Liter fuel storage tank).
Fire Suppression Systems (Fire ingredients, fire classes, fire fighting techniques, fire suppression using clean gas technology and water sprinkler system)
Welding Techniques (Preparation of workpiece, preheating of electrodes and workpiece, appropriate welding technique depending upon requirement).
Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC):
Goals of an HVAC system, Components of an HVAC system, Split Air Conditioner System, Packaged Air Conditioner System, Cooling Tower Technology, Chillers, Air Handling Units and Pumps (Positive displacement pumps and Kinetic Pumps).
The document provides guidelines for BBA students at Bahria University on writing their internship reports. It outlines the required format and content, including: a title page, table of contents, executive summary, company overview, position description and duties, organizational analysis, recommendations, learning outcomes, references, and annexures. Students must follow the specified format and include all required sections in their 14-16 page reports. The reports allow students to demonstrate analytical and observational skills developed during their internship experience.
A study on customer preferebce and satisfaction towards bajaj bikesAjay Savaliya
This document is a summer internship project report submitted by Ajay B. Savaliya to the S.R. Luthra Institute of Management. The project topic is "A study on customer preference and satisfaction towards Bajaj bikes". The report includes certificates from the company and institute, declarations, preface, acknowledgements, and an executive summary. It also provides tables of contents and lists of tables and figures.
The document provides an overview of Liberty Shoes Ltd., including its history, corporate philosophy, social responsibility efforts, products, organizational structure, and financial performance. It details how Liberty began in 1954 and has since grown to be one of the top 5 footwear manufacturers in the world, producing over 50,000 pairs per day for domestic and international markets. The document also reviews Liberty's board of directors, brands, markets, and awards received.
The document provides details about the author's internship at Kaz Software Limited. It discusses the company profile including services provided, tools and technologies used, office location and culture. It also outlines two projects the author worked on around bug fixing and feature development. The author reflects on learning new skills and technologies as well as professional and personal growth during the internship experience.
This document summarizes information about the Kota Kinabalu City Hall (DBKK) and the landscape department where the author completed their practical training. It provides background on DBKK, including its functions, vision, mission and organizational structure. It also describes the landscape department's divisions and the author's tasks and assignments during their training, which involved maintenance, operations, planning and more.
The document provides details about an industrial training report for a civil engineering student at Simplex Infrastructures Ltd. It summarizes a residential project called Hiranandini Lake Verandahs that Simplex is constructing. Key details include the location of the project, specifications of the 27-floor towers including number of flats and amenities, and descriptions of the construction processes for laying building slabs and columns. Photos supplement the summaries of construction steps.
This document provides information about a marketing research project conducted by Manish Ranjan Singh for his MBA degree, focusing on the neuromuscular blocker cisatracurium. It includes certificates of completion, originality, and from the company where the research was conducted. The research was conducted at Abbott India Ltd. to understand customer preferences for neuromuscular blockers and develop a medical positioning for the product cisatracurium in the Indian market.
The document is a summer internship report submitted by Umed Paliwal detailing his internship from July 5, 2012 to June 24, 2012 at Larsen & Toubro Construction's Ford India Pvt Ltd #2 Project. It provides an overview of Larsen & Toubro Construction and its Buildings & Factories Independent Company. It also describes the services provided, quality policies, health and safety policies, work culture and training programs at Larsen & Toubro Construction.
The document provides approval for an industrial report from the on-site and academic supervisors. It includes a declaration by the author that the report is original work. The acknowledgements section thanks various individuals and organizations for their support during the internship. The table of contents outlines the document structure. The introduction provides background information on Uganda Wildlife Education Center (UWEC), including its location, history, mission, vision, roles, values, and departments. It also includes an analysis of UWEC's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. The objectives are to fulfill requirements for a business administration degree and gain practical experience in different tasks.
Internship Report on Building ConstructionEsmael Aragaw
K2N Architecture and Engineering Consultancy PLC is an Ethiopian consulting firm providing architectural, engineering, and project management services. The company aims to provide quality services that exceed client expectations while adhering to high technical and ethical standards. K2N has experience on various project types both in Ethiopia and internationally. The document provides details on K2N's vision, mission, values, organizational structure, management, areas of expertise, and example projects.
This document provides a summary of the internship of Mohammad Kazim Sultani at Vaichal Construction Pvt. Ltd. from December 15, 2014 to March 15, 2015. It describes the Chakan construction site project including filling procedures, building dimensions, materials used, and finishing work. It also provides details on various construction machines used at the site such as hydraulic pumping machines, vibration machines, fly ash brick machines, and concrete mixers. Concrete cube testing was performed to determine the compressive strength of mixes.
The document is a report submitted by Om Pravin Dhumane about his industrial training at Jagannath Construction Company from June 7th to July 22nd, 2023. The report provides details about the construction company, various construction processes observed during the training, types of equipment used, and safety procedures followed. It aims to provide the student with practical knowledge of civil engineering that will help in their career. Key information covered in the report includes the organization structure of the company, roles of different departments, manufacturing processes for bricks and concrete structures, quality assurance testing, materials handling equipment, and importance of using safety gear on construction sites.
The document discusses the construction of the Munerika metro station, which is part of the L&T SUCG JV Project CC27 on the magenta line in Delhi. Key details include the project director and site manager, the scope of work involving stone cladding, flooring, tiles, painting, plumbing etc. It also describes the construction process of various structural elements like the roof slab, concourse slab, platform slab, and the use of trenchless tunnel boring machines for construction.
The document describes the PHC pile construction process for the Bismayah New City housing project in Iraq. PHC piles are being used with diameters of 450mm and lengths ranging from 13-16 meters. The construction process includes transporting piles to the site, checking locations, test pile driving to evaluate soil conditions, dynamic pile load testing, and driving piles to the required settlement criteria using hydraulic hammers. Quality control measures are outlined to address potential issues like pile misalignment, damage, or broken sections during driving.
This document provides details about an industrial training report submitted by G.V. Rohit at Simplex Infrastructures Ltd. for a project in Bengaluru, Karnataka. It summarizes the details of the Hiranandini Lake Verandahs construction site, including the project location and details, structure details like slab laying process and material testing laboratory. It also provides information about the developer, contractor and materials used for the M40 concrete mix.
The document provides details about an internship presentation on the redevelopment of two KSRTC bus stands in Karnataka. It includes an overview of the projects, the company undertaking the work, tasks performed during the internship such as site visits and learning about structural elements. It also provides construction details of the redeveloped bus stand in Davanagere such as its built up area, materials used, and safety protocols followed on site.
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DMRC Summer internship report for civil engineering students.
Project- DMRC phase 3 (CC-34 & CC-32) Design and construction of tunnel and underground metro station
The document summarizes an industrial training report on the construction of a multistoried building. It describes two multistoried residential projects - Verna and Tana constructed by SI Property. Key details include the foundations using pile foundations and raft foundations, concrete mixes used, and reinforcement details of columns, beams and slabs. Amenities provided in the projects like parking, fitness center, kids play area are also mentioned. The report also provides information on new building materials seen during a visit to another project GIE Asteria, including Siporex blocks, Weber glue and fiberglass mesh.
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This document discusses tunnel formwork construction and provides details about a group project on the topic. It begins with an introduction to Industrialized Building Systems (IBS) and focuses on tunnel formwork. The construction process is described along with advantages like quality, speed, cost savings and disadvantages such as initial costs. Two case studies are presented: a 44-story residential building in Atlanta used tunnel forms to complete a floor every 3 days and a residential project in India that used tunnel forms to construct 25 towers efficiently.
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The document provides details about Punnag Sinha's 30-day summer internship with AFCONS Infrastructures Limited in Kolkata, India. The internship involved observing the construction of viaducts for the Kolkata Metro between Kavi Subhash and VIP Bazar stations. Key activities Punnag observed and documented included piling operations like boring, cage lowering, flushing with bentonite, concreting via tremie pipes, and casing removal. The summary provides an overview of Punnag's acknowledgments and thanks to those at AFCONS who supported and guided him during the internship.
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Four Main Construction Equipment for Your Project.pdfssuser32f835
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Findings: Based on findings, the Gumbel approach produced the highest intensity values, whereas the other approaches produced values that were close to each other. The data indicates that 461.9 mm of rain fell during the monsoon season’s 301st week. However, it was found that the 29th week had the greatest average rainfall, 92.6 mm. With 952.6 mm on average, the monsoon season saw the highest rainfall. Calculations revealed that the yearly rainfall averaged 1171.1 mm. Using Weibull’s method, the study was subsequently expanded to examine rainfall distribution at different recurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10, and 25 years. Rainfall and recurrence interval mathematical correlations were also developed. Further regression analysis revealed that short wave irrigation, wind direction, wind speed, pressure, relative humidity, and temperature all had a substantial influence on rainfall.
Originality and value: The results of the rainfall IDF curves can provide useful information to policymakers in making appropriate decisions in managing and minimizing floods in the study area.
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Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
artificial intelligence and data science contents.pptxGauravCar
What is artificial intelligence? Artificial intelligence is the ability of a computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks that are commonly associated with the intellectual processes characteristic of humans, such as the ability to reason.
› ...
Artificial intelligence (AI) | Definitio
1. Department of civil engineering,SCOE,Pune-41
Page 1
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I express my deepest gratitude to our Principal Dr. S. D. Lokhande and Head of Civil
Engineering Department Dr. S. S. Shastri for providing facilities for an internship. My special
thanks to Asst. Prof. M. S. Injal, guidance of internship in Civil Engineering Department whose
valuable guidance and constant inspiration lead me towards the successful completion of
report.
2. Department of civil engineering,SCOE,Pune-41
Page 2
INTRODUCTION OF COMPANY
Idea:
At Vaichal Group, we believe in creating value for our customers helping them build their long
term assets. We are at the beginning of the journey when our customers envision the future of
their companies, businesses and industries. We help them realize their visions by being their
partners in this process.
History:
The Vaichal Group story begins back in 1990. With a humble beginning of executing various
small scale jobs in the public sectors like irrigation and MSEB, Sanjay Vaichal begun his works
in civil engineering back in 1990. It was with his vision and determination that they entered
into main stream contracting for industrial and residential sectors. they started their building
team and enhancing their capabilities. Vaichal Constructions Pvt. Ltd. was incepted in 2000
with the same passion and vision, to create structures and provide a service with the best
possible knowledge, expertise and collaboration. With a rich experience of more than 20 years
in the industry, Vaichal Constructions has had an opportunity of executing a wide variety of
works in several sectors.
Core Ideology:
We hold a strong commitment to quality, integrity, team work and customer satisfaction as our
core ideals. This has earned the trust of our customers, several of whom have given us repeat
orders based on our performance. We do business with the highest standards of fairness and
professional ethics. We believe in proactive learning, innovation and change for the betterment
of our working standards. We care.
Office Address:- Off No 1, Ideal Chamber, 8-ideal Colony, Paud Road, Kothrud, Pune,
Maharashtra 411038
Sites Address:- 1. Chakan mahalunge MIDC and
2. Wakad bridge police chawky bhujbal chowk wakad pune 411057
3. Department of civil engineering,SCOE,Pune-41
Page 3
Chakan Project: 15/12/14 to 15/01/15
Introduction of Construction Site
The chakan project is starting at 01/12/2013 in an area of 75*26 m2
plus 9 m roads in all sides
and with a small security cabin in front side and transformer footing with 2 m height. This is
compound building which is from two parts office building and workshop site. Office building
has made in three floors basement floor which is store, ground, first and second floors are
offices and conference hall and work shop building is can provide parking area and
manufacturing area. This building is built for manufacturing of vehicles and electrical
machineries. In this project each facility is provided like toilet blocks for each floor separately
in each parts, parking, drinking water, water tank, water pump for water supply, electric
transformer for electricity connections and store area. Both buildings are joint together with
camprol treatment and also used some chemical liquid for leakage of water on the surface of
columns, beams and slabs and expansion material is used between two structures for controlling
of contraction and expansion of concrete and making compact both buildings. All columns sizes
are 600*600 mm and most of beams also 600*600 mm except plinth beam which is 600*300
mm sizes and thickness of each slab is 200 mm in workshop and in 150 mm and some of beams
are 600*750 mm sizes.
Floor to floor height is 3.85 m. Steel bars which used for columns 25 mm Ø, for beams 16, 18,
20 and 25 mm Ø, for slabs 8, 10 and 12 mm Ø, for lift 12 mm Ø and for water tank 10 and 12
mm Ø, Also all walls are concrete brick with thickness 230 mm except lift and lift walls are
provided as shearing RCC wall with 230 mm thick. This large building is located in a slope
4. Department of civil engineering,SCOE,Pune-41
Page 4
area which footing height about 10 m below the ground surface. Before of construction filling
process is performed.
The material which is used for filling is murum is done layer wise such that each layer is 300
mm thick and rolling compaction machines are used in each layer and height of filling in back
side of building is about 10 m and front side is about 5. Tremix concrete is used for all floors.
For basement floor tremix plus steel reinforced is poured with mm thick and for others only
tremix is used about 7.5 mm thick.
It is also provided with two doglegged staircase, one straight staircase and one electrical lift
with shearing wall. In each roof they used red brick as water proofing material in radially shape
for water flowing purpose. Drainage pipes are provided underground surface which is RCC
hume pipe with facility of manhole or chamber and rain water is also can flow to ground surface
with the help of gutter which is from made plastic pipe. And finally a water tank is made in
front side of building which has one lakh litter capacity walls are RCC with 275 mm thick. And
at final the value of this project is a bout 100.5 million.
5. Department of civil engineering,SCOE,Pune-41
Page 5
Hydraulic Pumping Machine
This machine is made from tow parts one is body of generator which is supply the air compres
for pushing of concrete mortar to the steel pipes second part is steel pipes with diameter of
about 15 cm which is connected to the machine and concrete mortar is transported by this to
the site. This machine is used mostly for heavy works or for transportation of more amount of
concrete.
Leveling Vibration Machine
This is made from girder frame which is connected with a electric motor this motor is connects
to the electiricity and producing vibration is used for mortar leveling.length is 4.5 m and width
is 40cm. this machine is used for heavy work and large area of mortar. After this mchine
dewatering and finidhing machine will used. This is locally manufactured it means which some
changing is happened to the main shap of brand and this machine is two types one is using for
for leveling of fresh concrete and other is for compaction of filling material and asphalt progress
is used.
6. Department of civil engineering,SCOE,Pune-41
Page 6
Fly ash Brick Machine
This brick machine which is visible above is locally manufactured in pune area. Locally
manufactured means some changing is happened to main shape of the company brand. This
consist of three main parts mixing bucket, electric motor and brick mould. The mixing bucket
can mix cement, sand, fly ash and water. This machine machines produces standard brick size
with frog is optional. and has mould of size 230*100*70mm or it can mould the of
230*100*70mm which is called 4 inches bricks. Each moulding mechanism produces three
bricks per cycle. Grade of mix design for bricks which is produced is M20. Mix design is 1:4
or 1:6 means 1 bag cement, 6 farma sand and water as per required. And produced bricks should
keep 8 days minimum and after 1 day curing process is start. And finally bricks are ready for
testing. Testing is perform for compressive strength of bricks in compressive test machine (CT)
and in each test min 3 bricks should be used.
Floater Machine or Finishing Machine
Floater and finishing machine has same frame but only two type of plate is used for flatness.
When a steel plate is installed to the electric motor is used only for rough finishing. This plate
is a steel circular plate. Then when some absorption is done in mortar they can use other plate
which is in the form of steel blade plate and it can done final finishing. This machine is work
by electric motor and governed by a handle.
7. Department of civil engineering,SCOE,Pune-41
Page 7
Dewatering Machine
Dewatering machine is other type of electric machine which is used for large civil engineering
project for absorption of water from concrete mortar purpose. Facility of this machine is
making fast drying of concrete mortar for finishing. It has three main parts car bucket,
transportation pipe and absorption net. Water is absorbed by net and transports to the bucket
car by plastic pipe.
Dewatering is the removal of water from solid material or soil by wet classification,
centrifugation, filtration, or similar solid-liquid separation processes, such as removal of
residual liquid from a filter cake by a filter press as part of various industrial
processes.Construction dewatering, unwatering, or water control are common terms used to
describe removal or draining groundwater or surface water from a riverbed, construction site,
caisson, or mine shaft, by pumping or evaporation. On a construction site, this dewatering may
be implemented before subsurface excavation for foundations, shoring, or cellar space to lower
the water table. This frequently involves the use of submersible "dewatering" pumps,
centrifugal ("trash") pumps, educators, or application of vacuum to well points.
Grove Cutting Machine
Grove cutting machine is used for making partition in concrete surface for purpose of removing
of cracks in floor surface. It is working by electric motor and has one steel blade which can
make grove in surface by rotation. During working some amount of water is also used for
lubrication purpose.
8. Department of civil engineering,SCOE,Pune-41
Page 8
Tower Crane Machine
This machine is used for lifting of materials from ground surface to higher floors. All heavy
transportation is perform by this method of transportation. It make the works easy and fast.
Mostly this method is used for large projects. This machine is tow way supply which can work
by electricity and itself has also power generator. Activity of this machine is perform according
to remote controlling. At any other time which is not required it can fold to 3 parts and
transportation is doing by tractor vehicle. Balancing is going by two steel cabin which is filled
by sand.
Minilift
Minilift is other machine that can work by electric motor and is used for light lifting of material
for some less hieght and this is an one way supply mchine for its ballacing is required some
heavy material for lifting materials.
9. Department of civil engineering,SCOE,Pune-41
Page 9
Transit Mixer
Transit mixer has different purposes once it take the mixed concrete from mix plan it can keep
fresh the mortar for some times because of rotation which is applied by generator motor. And
it is transports by track to the site. This rotation of transit mixer can mix the concrete and can
make out to the hydraulic pumping machine. This can transport 6.5 meter cube of fresh
concrete. Some times this machine is provided with gutter for some long distances.
One Bag Mixer Machine (10*7)
This is other type of mixer which is used for mixing of cement, sand, admixchers and water.
This machine is used for small work or light work. This is also called diesel mixer because it
is working diesel engin. Main component of this machine is mixer bucket, transfer chain and
diesel engin. When concrete mortar is mixed the bucket is rotated 90 degree and mortar is
transported to gitter. Transfer chain is for transfer of power from engin to the mixer bucket. It
is also called as one bag machine. This mixer perform heavy duty concrete mixer 10/7 cu. Ft
280/200 litters (0. 25mtr cube) capacity with loading hopper complete with heavy duty drum
10. Department of civil engineering,SCOE,Pune-41
Page 10
using thick 10 gauge m. S sheet, bearings, blades, pulley, v-belts, wire ropes complete on heavy
duty structure on 4 pneumatic jeep type tires fitted with kirloskar 5 h. P*1440 rpm
Ready Mix Concrete (RMC) Plant
Location of RMC plan is also in Chakan mahalunge MIDC only 2 km distance with side of
construction area. In this plan mixing of cement, sand and water is performing in some specific
steps. The main components of RMC plan are mixing machinery, cement, cabin, bucket area
for course aggregate, fine aggregate and sand, conveyor, air compressor and pumping
machinery. Aggregates are coming down from duck of basin and are transported by conveyor
belt to inside of mixer and from right side cement is pumped to the transportation pipes to in
side of mixer, and water is pumped as per required from down side. All these operations
perform by electricity which is supplied by DG or diesel generator. Other main component of
plan is PC and panel board which is located to cabin of mixer. Set up of timing is done on PC
eg how match time is required for mixing. And job is doing operation for mixing. Finally it is
a computerised system.
11. Department of civil engineering,SCOE,Pune-41
Page 11
Main Components of RMC Plant
Concrete Block Test on CT Machine
The below result is testing of concrete cube blocks which is tested in concrete test machine
sizes of each cubic block is 150*150*150 mm3
. These blocks which is casted in steel moulds
and after 24 hours they keep in water basin for 7 days for curing purpose. And finally we have
done a testing in CT machine for determination of compressive strength of blocks the result is
shown in N per 1 mm squire of area it means this mix design which is used for structure is
suitable or no. the steel moulds are filled in three layers and in each layer 25 NO of blows are
performed.
In the study of strength of materials, the compressive strength is the capacity of a material or
structure to withstand loads tending to reduce size. It can be measured by plotting applied
force against deformation in a testing machine. Some materials fracture at their compressive
12. Department of civil engineering,SCOE,Pune-41
Page 12
strength limit; others deform irreversibly, so a given amount of deformation may be
considered as the limit for compressive load. Compressive strength is a key value for design
of structures. Compressive strength is often measured on a universal testing machine these
range from very small table-top systems to ones with over 53 MN capacity. Measurements
of compressive strength are affected by the specific test method and conditions of
measurement. Compressive strengths are usually reported in relationship to a specific
technical standard.
For the preparation and compaction of 70.7 mm mortar cube specimens. The mould table is
mounted on four springs attached to an eccentric shaft which allows each sample to be vibrated
at 12000 cycles per minute in accordance with the specifications. The cube mould is not
included and has to be ordered separately. See accessories.
Electric motor: 375 W
Overall dimensions: 960x320x560 mm
Weight approx.: 70 kg
13. Department of civil engineering,SCOE,Pune-41
Page 13
Result of Concrete Block Test on CT Machine
N
O Date of Grade of Date of
Adge
in Wt of Sizes in Density
Load
Appl
Comp
Strng
Avg
Comp
Casting Concrete Testing Day
Cube in
Kg mm3
Kg/m3
in KN In N/mm2
Strng in
N/mm2
1
5/12/20
14 M30 17/12/14 7 Days
A 8.764
150X150
X150 2596.74 620 27.55
B 8.723 2584.59 615 27.33 27.47
C 8.759 2595.25 620 27.55
M20
a 8.354
150X150
X150 2475.25 525 23.33
b 8.494 2516.74 540 24 23.33
c 8.77 2598.5 510 22.67
M20
a 8.748 2947.64 639.9 28.1
b 8.811 2565.94 500.2 21.94 24.93
c 8.77 2588.97 573.4 24.9
2
6/12/20
14 M20 18/12/14 7 Days
a 8.45
150X150
X150 2503.7 590 26.22
b 8.532 2528 595 26.44 26.44
c 8.517 2523.55 600 26.66
14. Department of civil engineering,SCOE,Pune-41
Page 14
Procedure of Project
1. Foundation:-
Foundation is the lowest and so important part of building that can transfer the load from higher
floors to the soil strata. Before laying of foundation to the subsurface some engineering surveys
should be done. For the above project diffrerent types of footings are used compound footings,
combined footings and individual footings with different sizes. 75 number of culomns are layed
with a thickness 150 mm of PCC and area of PCC is different like 2900*2700 mm2
, 3000*2800
mm2
and thickness of footing is mostly 750 mm. sizes of footing is differ some of them with
3200*3200 mm2
. All footings are RCC with 12 mm Ø bars starting. back side footings are
filled about 10 m under the ground and fornt side of structure is about 5 m filled.
2. Columns:-
Columns are second part of building that all portion of structure is hold by columns from
ground surface. Columns are hold over the footing. In this project different types of columns
are used with different of sizes eg squire columns has sizes 600*600 mm and 4500*600 mm.
the steel bars which is used for columns are 16 mm, 20 mm, 22 mm and 25 mm Ø. Firstly
formworks are held and concrete mortar is poured in to it and removing of formwork got 28
days for column. And 21 days curing processes is performed. And hacking process is start for
column about 100 hack is done per ft2
. Hacking is provide rough surface to structure for
plastering purpose.
15. Department of civil engineering,SCOE,Pune-41
Page 15
3. Beams:-
Beams are used for this structure is provided in different sizes for example plinth beams having
dimensions of 600*300 mm size and others are 600*550 mm, 600*200 mm and etc. the steel
bars which is used as follow 16 mm, 18 mm, 20 mm and 25 mm. mostly are coast in rectangular
shape. Beams and slabs are monolithically coasted and at junctions all columns, beams and
slabs are coasted monolithically and dimensions of beams for staircase is unique is not match
with others and of concrete which is provided is M20, M25 and M30.
4. Slabs:-
Dimensions of slabs and thickness of slabs are different together because two are joint one can
support light load that is office building and other is faced to heavy loads that is workshop.
Area of slabs for workshop is constant about 5000*7650 mm2
and thickness of slab for
workshop is 200 mm and for office building is 150 mm. steel bars which is used for slabs are
12 mm, 16 mm, 18 mm and 25 mm Ø. And removing of form work for beams and slabs are 7
days and curing process is required 21 days and of concrete which is provided is M20, M25
and M30.
5. Staircase:-
In this structure three staircases are used that tow one doglegged staircase and one is straight
with a landing at center. For each stairs rise=150 mm and tread=300 mm and landing thickness
is 230 mm height of landing= 1800 mm width of landing is 1500 mm length of doglegged
staircase is 3200 mm and length of straight one is 9000 mm and thickness of inclined slab is
1500 mm. all stairs are provided with steel hand rail and of concrete which is provided is M20,
M25 and M30.
16. Department of civil engineering,SCOE,Pune-41
Page 16
Brick Work
Brick work is done between columns and beam to beam in external wall and in partition wall.
The bricks which is used in this structure is called 4 inche bricks or size of that is
230*100*70 mm with 20 mm joint thickness. According to my calcullations 138 number of
bricks are used per m2
and tickness of all walls are 230 mm.
17. Department of civil engineering,SCOE,Pune-41
Page 17
Plastering
Plastering process is done after completion of all foolrs and curing of structure. Plaster is
compulsary for any type of structre it is performed in three steps single code, double code and
plaster of parise (POP). For all external walls, partation walls, outter sides, inner sides,
columns, beams and slabs are covered siglecode and doulecode in case of outter side and inner
side is also used (POP). Thicknees of singlecode and doublecod is 12 mm analytically and in
practical is maximum 20 mm and POP is 5 mm analyticll and miximum 10 mm practical. The
below figure is shown the numer 1 is brick wall without plaster and numer 2 is used mortar as
plaster is called singlecode numer 3 is wall which is covered totally is called doublecode and
finally numeber 4 is finall step of plaster process is called POP. Plaster of parise is place 25 kg
per bag.
Some times gypsum is used instead of POP. And laimond mish is provided as a junction
between brick wall and concrete portions it make a joint the gap and it can prevent the cracks
on wall surface the laimond mish is steel net which is hardly protected against corrosion or it
is made it is made from compound metal elements which can remain safe safe againdt effect
of oxigen of air and shipe of net is made such that which should be suitable for junction and it
has squer shape of 2*2 cm. And plaster is curing after 1 to 2 days of work. Minimum curing
time is 7 days. Mix design for concrete plaster is 1:4 it means 1 bag of cement and 4 farma of
sieved sand and water is as per required grade of this mix is called M20. The sand which is
uesd for plaster is river sand. And for other portions of building crushed sand is uesd.
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Mixed Concrete on Floors
In workshop site all floors are covered with mortar concrete which is mixed and provided in
RMC plant and is called trimix concrete. And is poured by hydraulic pumping machine in floor.
According to my calculations the surface area of basement floor of workshop building is
1188.25 m2
excluding of columns, ducks and staircase the requirement of fresh concrete is 176
m3
and with a thickness of 150 mm. due to estimation of heavy load will come on parking area
they provided 8 mm steel Ø bars in a steel design of 200*200 mm net area. For first floor and
second floor and this mixed concrete is used with a thickness of 75 mm and according to my
calculations surface area is 1185 m2
excluding of columns, ducks and staircase and requirement
of fresh concrete is 176 m3
but no usage of steel bars.
Roofs and Water Proofing
Water proof is a material which is absorb the water and prevent water leakage to the down side
this is different types some times some material is used as water proofing material. But in this
structure red brick is used as water proof material in roofs and toilet blocks these bricks are
called 4 inches bricks.
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For laying of bricks they provided a lame concrete of mix design 1:12 it means amount of
cement is so less but they used only for pasting of bricks on surface. These bricks are laded in
radial direction to gutter. And over the bricks laim mortar is poured grade of that is M20 mixed
concrete.
Conplast
Canplast is a chemical material in liquid form which is mixed with mortar cement and used in
joint of each layer of concrete for preventation of leaksge of water purposes. During a period
wrok of a day some unhomogenety of the structure is growt and starting of wrok from that level
some voids are remain between two working level. In this case it is require to some chemical
material for coverage of that as shown in figure.
Mullein Columns
Mullein columns are those columns that are not connected to the beams and main columns.
These columns are using only for partition area a long beam and the significant of this columns
making more safe that area and removing the vibration of structure is wind season. And
connection between column to column is easy and these are joint with a parapet wall. These
type columns are used in structure with a size of 300*300 mm in a distance of 3 m from each
others. These are provided as with 8 mm steel Ø bars. And in parapet of structure all mullein
columns and main columns are connected together by a inclined beam. These beams provided
connections of all columns for removing of vibration in wind season.
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Curing
After one day of concreting or plastring curing is necessary for better live of structure different
types of curing is done water spreading by pipes to the wall srface, by covring of cotton and
stop of water on roofs surfaces. Curing is done for all parts of structures up to 15 days but
actually it is curing time is 21 to 25 days. This process is also perfomed for cubic concrete for
testing of compressive strenght of concrete for 28 days. And also curing is done for conrete
bricks up to 7 days and for red bricks for 5 days on roof surface.
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Guide lines of Roads Marking
Leveling work is done for all parts of building starting from foundation up to basement of
structure and road lines. Main road is as a reference they used. And leveling is based on height
of instrument (HI). Gypsum is spread as marking over the Murom. And Road surface marking
is any kind of device or material that is used on a road surface in order to convey official
information. They can also be applied in other facilities used by vehicles to mark parking spaces
or designate areas for other uses. Road surface markings are used on paved roadways to provide
guidance and information to drivers and pedestrians. Uniformity of the markings is an
important factor in minimizing confusion and uncertainty about their meaning, and efforts exist
to standardize such markings across borders. However, countries and areas categorize and
specify road surface markings in different ways. Road surface markings are either mechanical,
non-mechanical, or temporary. They can be used to delineate traffic lanes inform motorists and
pedestrians or serve as noise generators when run across a road, or attempt to wake a sleeping
driver when installed in the shoulders of a road. Road surface marking can also indicate
regulation for parking and stopping. They are using also trimix concrete for surrounding roads.
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Photos
PCC for Drainage Pipes
RCC Hume Pipes for Drainage
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Cover Chamber
Frame Chamber
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Base Plate for Fabricated Column
Foundation for Transfermmer
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Conclusion:-
The goal of this report is provide information about duration of internship and got knowledge
of practical works and provided procedure of all project practically in site work and behaviour
of engineers with labours and attitude of PM with all stuffs. Entire works are performing by a
regularity or schedule which is provided by PM.