The document discusses the design and functionality of an automated solar vertical car parking system using an 8051 microcontroller to enhance parking efficiency and reduce environmental impact. It addresses common issues in robotic parking systems, particularly those arising from poor planning, and outlines the system's operational mechanics, safety precautions, and cost estimations for hardware and software. Ultimately, the project aims to improve parking convenience and safety in urban environments.

1. AUTOMATIC
SOLAR VERTICAL
CAR PARKING
SYSTEM
Prepared by
Mirza Taimoor Sultan Baig
(taimoorbaig1996@gmail.com)
1

2. 1. Introduction
2. Problem Discussion
3. Aim & Objectives
4. Functionality
5. Block Diagram & Sub-Block Diagram
6. Schematics
7. Algorithms
8. Simulation
9. Animation
10. Test Results & Safety Precaution
11. Hardware List with Cost
12. Conclusion
2
Contents

3. Introduction
• The project is mainly on embedded systems.
• An Embedded system is an electronic/electromechanical system designed
to perform a specific function and it is a combination of firmware and
hardware.
• We had used 8051 Microcontroller
• REQUIRES LESS SPACE IN AUTOMATIC CAR PARKING
• REDUCES POLLUTION
• TRADTIONAL CAR PARKING IS COSTLY PROCESSS
• The automatic parking aims to enhance the comfort and safety of driving
in constrained environments where much attention and experience is
required to steer the car.

4. Problem Discussion
• There have been a number of problems with robotic parking systems.
• Problems with automated parking garages have three reasons:
• 1) Technical and
• 2) Bad planning
• 3) Parking customers
• Most problems with automated parking garages are not of technical nature.
Architects can be blinded by the large number of cars on very limited space
and decide to use mechanical parking system, though they are not suitable
for their specific application. Manufacturers are sometimes happy to make
a sale, even though they should consult their customers better. So the main
reason for dissatisfied customers is the result of bad planning.
• Mechanical car parks are a solution for applications with a relatively
balanced throughput, like shopping malls, train stations, etc. Most can
handle peaks during the rush hour in the morning and evening quite well,
but they are not recommended for high peak hour volume. Therefore, if one
installs a mechanical car park at a movie theater or stadium, trouble is pre-
programmed. One big peak in the morning and another one in the evening
without much in between are not suitable for automated parking.
• And finally many delays are caused by confusion that comes when
unfamiliar parkers first use this type of system.

5. Aim and Objectives
Aim:
The main aim of the project is to implement automatic car parking system. The
research is to assess the available parking spaces whether it is sufficient, safe
and comfortable. These are objective are mentions below:
• The parking systems are providing in markets areas. The issues are to see
the supply and demand parking space provided.
• To assess the parking parameter such as duration, occupancy and adequacy
of Parking.
• To recommend to Government to improvement of parking facilities at
commercial areas.
• Achieve a broader mix of uses within a finer grain of development,
incorporating a high standard of design
• Promote a higher density of development leading to a greater intensity of
activity supporting and supported by high quality public transport.
• Reduce the influence of the car in the design and layout of the area.

6. Functionality
• The 8051 is the brain of this whole hardware.
• It reads the input signals and start sending the stepping sequences to the
motor.
• When the input beam of S1 is blocked motor start rotating in clockwise
direction.
• S1 indicates that a car has come.
• The S2 sensor is used as the gate open limit sensor
• when S2=ON it means gate is completely opened.
• motor start rotating in counter clockwise direction, closing now.
• Finally, when S3=ON it indicates that gate is completely closed now.
• A display is provided at the ground floor that displays number of cars in each
floor.
• An indicator with a green and red LED is kept in all the floors.
• Indicate whether the lift is busy or is it ready to take the car up or down.
• seven segment display indicates that a car has entered in the parking lot.
• This display is basically for the people, which are driving the car.
• serial interfacing display is for the person in control room.

7. Block Diagram:
Seven
segment
display
DC Motor
Micro-Controller
IR Sensor
Keypad
Circular
Platform

8. Schematics

9. Schematics

10. Algorithms
• As soon as the start command is received from the
user interface the parking mission begins. Immediately
it decides whether parking is a left side or right side
parking and takes this into consideration for future
calculations. Next it calculates the angle of
misalignment Φ. from the already parked vehicle. Then
it locks the steering at perfect straight position and
moves a little distance and ensures the angle Φ.
• Then lastly the vehicle moves on the final segment of
its trajectory o to q and requests to put the vehicle into
parking gear to end the mission. During the whole
process the driver has the option to end the task and
return back to manual mode.

11. Simulation
The representative of vehicle parameters such as width of the car,
length of the car is used for simulation in MATLAB environment. The
illustrates the parallel parking trajectory simulation result for the path
planning. It is been deduced that the path of the misaligned vehicle
(other parameters kept constant) is greater than ideally aligned vehicle
and hence driver must attempt to keep his vehicle aligned to the
parked car to save the parking time.
The illustrates that the trajectory will be shortest if the outer bodies of
the vehicles abut each other, which has no practical applicability.
Therefore, the vehicle will follow the shortest trajectory when it is as
nearer to the parked vehicle. The farthest distance between the
vehicles allowed would be the width of the vehicle deducted from the
parallel parking space, ideally. Practically factor of safety is considered.
Beyond this maximum distance the parking trajectory interferes with
the parked vehicle

12. Safety and precautions
• On the basis of the system operation and the related risks analyzed in the
previous paragraph, it is possible to set the necessary boundary conditions
to define the safety measures. In particular these conditions restrict the
presence of the exposed subject to the area contiguous to the man oeuvre
volume. The different safety measures that can be taken are:
• measures to be taken in the device designing and set up phase
• system operation guidance (including operation and maintenance
procedures, possible prohibitions and limitations, etc.)
• specific safe guarding for not eliminable hazards. Excluding in this study
the measures of first group, as they are not directly related to the aim of the
present work, we will consider only those related to the remaining groups.
The latter are normally finalized to exclude the presence of potentially
exposed subjects from the surrounding volume. These subjects are the
system operator and other persons that for the most different reasons can
stay or transit in the vicinity of the system.

13. Hardware list with cost estimation
Item Name Total (in Rs)
DC motor 1900/-
Frame 30000/-
Electronic speed control / Driver 1200/-
Arduino 850/-
Keypad 280/-
Solar Plate 2500/-
Battery 2500/-
Sensor’s 300/-
LCD 16x4 600/-
Extra accessories 10000/-
I2C 390/-
PWM 2200/-

14. Software list with cost estimation
• Proteus
• Audino
The programming or software cost is 25000/-

15. Conclusion
• Important factor in traffic areas
• Automated without human being
• Stepper motor plays a vital role
• Seven segment display is used at every floor
• Sensors are used for sensing the car.

16. Reference
• How car parking system works.
• Shannon Saunders McDonald “Automated Parking Saves
Space in Tight places
• Parking systems http://www.directpark.de
• Microcontrollers http://www.nxp.com
• www.seminarsonly.com
• www.101seminartopics.com
• www.parking images.com