TYPES OF CAR PARKING SYSTEM

1. Automation Parking
System
Session 2020-21
PRESENTED BY:-
SOMITRA BHARDWAJ
DEEPAK VERMA
PRASHANT SINGH
B.ARCH 5TH YEAR
PRESENTED TO:-
AR. SHAINA KOCHAR

2. Introduction
Automated parking is a method of automatically parking and
retrieving cars or vehicles to solve the problem of increasing
demand for safe and convenient parking as the number of vehicles
are increasing day by day. The driver parks his car at the entrance of
the car park structure and from there, the car is automatically moved
through the garage and stored in an open parking space. All these are
done by utilizing computer controlled system of pallets, conveyors,
shuttles, carriers and lifts in transporting cars from the arrival level to
a parking space and vice versa without human assistance. Later the car
will be returned to the driver using a signaling device outside the
building.
The growing population of India has created many problems - one
of the challenging ones being car parking which we confront almost
every day.
They serve advantages like safety, saving of space, time and fuel
(since one does not have to drive around for locating space) but also
need to have an extra and a very detailed assessment of the parking
required, space availability and traffic flow.
These can be further categorized into fully automatic or
semiautomatic systems.
AUTOMATED CAR PARKING
TRADITIONAL CAR PARKING SYSTEM

3. Need
Space Saving
Multiple the numbers of cars in the same space
Increase the profits by full usage of land
Security
Free from risk of injury
Free from damage & dents
Free from theft & vandalism
Convenience
No more heated car by hot sunshine
No more dust/sand by desert wind
No more walking around parking decks

4. History
 Automated parking systems first appeared in Europe as early as the 1900’s and in the North America in the 1920’s.
The need for automated parking systems then is the same as it is now: maximize the value of available land by
condensing parking.
 The 1950’s saw the peak of the industry in North America with a number of high profile systems built but demand
in Japan, Koreaand parts of Europe.
 The technology has been around for a long time.
 Widely used in the other parts of the Country and theWorld.
Installed AutomatedParking
Systems (NorthAmerica)

5.  APS was first introduced in 1905 in Paris, France at the Garage Rue de
Ponthieu. It was built of the concrete structure at that time and an elevator
was used to lift the cars.
 A ‘Paternoster system‘ was built to park cars, around 1920. It was structured
like a Ferris wheel that could adjust eight cars in the space of two cars. The
structure became popular as it was easy to operate and occupied lesser space.
It could also be incorporated into a building
 .
 Washington D.C. saw the first-ever driverless parking garage in 1951 which
got closed shortly. APS captured the interest in the late 1940s-50s in the U.S.
Some of the systems employed during that time are still in use. These systems
included Bowser, Pigeon Hole systems, and Roto Park. These systems were
faced with frequently occurring mechanical problems and people had to wait
for an eternity to get their cars back.
 The U.K. got its own Auto Stacker in 1961 in Woolwich, London which was
also hard to operate. The U.S. regained its interest in APS in the ’90s and got
its first robotic parking garage in 2002 in Hoboken, New Jersey.
History
1950 In North America

6. Basic Concept
No Ramps
No High Ceilings
Twice As Many Cars
Half the Space
No Need for Space on Either side of car
Hardware Requirements
Self parking: Front, Left and Right IR
sensor
Ground level edge detection: Three white
line sensors
Stop after entry into elevator: Front IR
sensor
Lifting mechanism: Existing Firebird IV
DC geared motors
Typical limit switch
Typical relays
DC motor

8. Advantages
Multi-level parking systems for sometime have provided relief since they come with a number of advantages –
The parked cars and their contents are more secure since there is no public access to parked cars
Only minimal ventilation and lighting systems are needed.
Lower maintenance and operational cost.
Minor parking lot damage such as scrapes and dents are eliminated.
More parking in less space.
Eliminating the need for ramps, aisles, passenger lifts & stairs.
Comfortable for the drivers & cars are more secured.
Cost saving for builders by saving height or depth.
Lower ceiling requirements
Dense depth-to-depth and bumper-to-bumper parking is possible.
Disadvantages
 This system has very good parking efficiency comparing to conventional system.
 Vehicle parking system is still time consuming.
 To park in upper story a helical pathway is made to drive on helical pathway for everyone is not comfortable.
 Efficiency of Parking system can be calculated by total volume available verses total stored volume.
 This system efficiency of this system is poor less than 20%.
 Infrastructure cost is high.
 Big staff is required to maintain.
 Overall parking cost is high.
 There may be fear of break down.
 It is not recommended for high peak hour volume facilities.

9. Fully Automatic Parking System
 Fully automated parking systems operate much like roboticvalet parking.
 The driver drives the car into an APS entry (transfer)area.
 The driver and all passengers exit the car.
 The driver uses an automated terminal nearby for payment and receipt of a
ticket.
 More sophisticated fully automated APS will obtain the dimensions of
Carson entry in order to place them in the smallest available parking space.
 The driver retrieves a car by inserting A ticket or code into an automated
terminal.
 The APS lifts the car from itsparking
 Space and delivers it to an exit area.
Fully Automated Car Parking
Semi -Automatic Parking System:
 Semi-automated APS also use a mechanical system of some type to
move a car to its parking space, however putting the car into and/or the
operation of the system requires some action by an attendant or the
driver.
 The choice between fully and semi-automated APS is often a matter of
space and cost, however large capacity (> 100 cars) tend to be fully
automated.
Semi- Automatic Car Parking System

10. Types of Automated Car Parking System
Automated Car Parking System
Dependent/S
tack System
Puzzle Car
Parking
Systems
Stacker
Crane
Parking
System
Tower
Parking
System
Cart Type
Parking
System
Chess Type
Parking
System
Rotary Car
Parking
System
Dependent/Stack System Rotary Car Parking System
Stacker Crane Parking System

11. Dependent/Stack Car Parking System
 This system features a pallet that is lifted up and then after the car is loaded. Thus additional parking can be
made available in the space below the loaded pallet. Both indoor and outdoor installation is possible.
 These systems are electromechanically or hydraulically operated. Preferably these systems are valet parking
systems. Mostly preferred in residential complexes, IT Parks and Hotels.
 Stackers are aimed to double the parking space above ground / basement type parking.
Stack Car Parking System
 Technical Specification
Car length : 5000 mm
Width : 2100 mm
Height : 1500 mm, 1700 mm , 2000 mm
Weight : 2000 Kg
 There is saving in space, construction cost, lighting, fire fighting, etc; the systems allow very fast parking-in and parking-
out time, safety and security of the cars, reduced air pollution, and need little maintenance. life cycles of parking systems
are 15-20 years but they may be extended to 30 years with good maintenance.

12. Dependent/Stack Car Parking System
Biowonder, Kolkata: double stacked parking version has
Been installed here, at India's first bio-philic corporate park.
Auralis, thane: the twin towers of Auralis have
Tackled their car parking requirements with a
Combination of stacked car parking system, and
Puzzle Parking System,

13. Puzzle Car Parking System
 This system features combination pallets carrying cars, individually load & unload of cars is possible. This system is
individual combination of multiple levels, vertically and horizontally is possible. Puzzle System is aimed for optimum use
of space on ground. It is electro mechanically designed to go vertically up to 7 levels & horizontally to as much space
available on ground. Here the cars move vertically and horizontally like a puzzle, till the car required comes to the lower
level where it is driven out. Installed in basements, rooftops, under stilts, open grounds, terraces, driveways etc.
 The system is designed in the form of a matrix of rows and columns such as 2 x 2 or 2 x 3 etc in which out of the total
number of available spots.
Puzzle Car Parking System

14. Puzzle Car Parking System

15. Stacker Crane Car Parking System
 This system features a typical storey system. It has a unique mechanism called stacker. It moves centrally and has
parking slots on its either side.
 It has in-built robotic mechanism that pulls and push the car and from the lift bay. The number of stackers cranes
depends upon the total number of cars and floors. This can accommodate 100-300 cars.
 Technical Specification Car length : 5000 mm
Width : 2100 mm
Height : 1500 mm, 1700 mm , 2000 mm
Weight : 2000 Kg
Suitable for Car Models :- Sedan For All levels & SUV For only
ground level.
Multi Level Stack Car Parking System Stack Car Parking System

17. Cart Car Parking System
 This system has multiple entry and exits as per the project design. This system has inbuilt mechanism called CART which
moved every Parking floor. The numbers depends on total nos. of floors and total nos. of cars.
 This system can be pallet based or without pallet also.
 Preferably these system can be used in longitudinal parking areas. System can be designed for 50 to 100 cars or more.
 Various configuration are implemented in order to provide the maximum parking capacity. Suitable for large scale
construction projects.
 Depending on land size standard or cross-sectional types may be applied. The vertical lift and entrance positioning may be
designed according to a customer request.
 Technical Specification Car length : 5000 mm Width : 2100 mm
Height : 1500 mm, 1700 mm , 2000 mm Weight : 2000 Kg
Cart Car Parking System

18. Tower Parking System
 This system features a lift which is electromechanically operated. At the loading point as per the design the lift shall
receive the car and then travels to the respective location of the parking slot.
 It parks the car to the parking slot. This system can design with pallet or without pallet.
 This system is preferable for 30 to 40 cars. At three car space, affective utilization of space and height.
 Technical specification:- car length:5000mm
width:2100mm
height:1500mm,1700mm,2000mm
TOWER CAR PARKING SYSTEM
Key advantages
 Space - effective installation makes
parking up to 60 cars possible in the space
required for 3
 Easy maintenance
 Bottom, middle and top entrance possible
 Inbuilt and standalone options
available
 Human - oriented design
 Computerized control systems

19. Chess Car Parking System
CHESS TYPE CAR PARKING SYSTEM
STANDARD DETAILS
CAPACITY 10-60 CARS
CAR AVAILABLE
DIMENSIONS
5200(L) X 2100 (W) X 2000 (H)
CAR WEIGHT 2500 Kg
ELEVATING MOTOR
POWER
15-45 kW
ELEVATING SPEED 0.15-100 cm/sec
HORIZONTAL
MOVING MOTOR
POWER
0.75- 2.2 kW
HORIZONTAL SPEED 25-50 cm/sec
TT ROTATION
(OPTIONAL)
1.5 kW 2 rpm
OPERATING
SYSTEM
MAGNETIC KEY, TOUCH SCREEN
OR REMOTE CONTROL
SAFETY DEVICES FRONT INDICATOR FOR
ENTRANCE SELF DETECT
DIAGNOSISINER INDICATOR FOR
ENTRY FLOOR EMERGENCY
BRAKE EMERGENCY STOPS
POWER 400V TRIPHASE
 This system is a revolutionary type of system in the
parking systems. With this system max. utilization of
the floor is possible.
 No drive way, no space for movement of mechanisms.
 This has floor mounted roller bed system which can
allow the crisscross movement of the pallet and the car.
This system preferably installed on RCC floors.
 System can be designed for from 800 to 1000 cars or
even more also. It has separate lifts which acts as entry
& exit points.
 These systems can be used in longitudinal & square of
parking areas also.
 Technical Specification:
Car length- 5000 mm
Width- 2100 mm
Height- 1500mm,1700 mm,
2000mm
Weight- 2000 kg

20. Rotary Car Parking System
 The Rotary Parking RP system is designed to permit up to a maximum of 8 cars to be parked easily and safely, on the
surface area required to park 2 cars. It is simple to operate with the driver parking and leaving the vehicles in the
system at the ground level. Once the driver leaves the incorporated safety zone the vehicles is automatically parked by
the system rotating to lift the parked car away from the bottom central position. This leaves an empty parking space
available at ground level, for the next car to be parked on. Since it is controlled by an integrated computer system, the
overall operation can be viewed with one screen.
Rotary Car Parking System
STANDARD DETAILS
Capacity 7-8 cars
Car available
dimensions
5200(l) x 2100 (w) x 2000 (h)
Car weight 2500 kg
Motor power 6 kw.
Rotating speed 5 cm/sec
Operating system Magnetic key, touch screen or remote control
Safety devices Front indicator for entrance self detect diagnosis inner indicator
for entry floor emergency brake emergency stops
Power 400v tri-phase

21. Strategy For Total Planning
 Initial site survey: perform survey of the site proposed by the client including investigation of circumstances of
neighbouring area.
 Adoption: propose the best suited model of car parking system having befitting car accommodation capacity, by taking
account of land area, its conditions, soil bearing capacity, ambient surroundings, etc.
 Schematic drawing and initial cost estimate: prepare optimal layout and work out preliminary cost estimate based
on the initial survey and the result of the site selection. And also submit to client operation running cost estimate after
commencement of operation of the car parking system.
 Confirmation of specification: Ask client to confirm specifications of the proposed parking system and scope of
work.
 Contracting: Set up a contract with client after contract amount, specifications, production and construction schedule
have been confirmed.
 Construction & Schedule control: establish administrative structure and undertake construction work in accordance
with progress schedule by placing top priority on safety.
 Turnover of Car Parking System: Turnover to the client the pertinent and completed car system as soon as
completion test and explanation on operation has been performed.
 Maintenance and management services: after completion and renewal of such car parking system.

22. Requirements For Different Types Of Systems
 Planning
 General Building Code Requirements
 Architectural

23. 1.Planning Requirements
Mechanical Parking lift is considered as tandem parking

24. 2.General building code Requirements
 There are general provisions in the IBC for automated parking garages that can be followed in collaboration with
the Fire Department.
 Enclosed Parking Garages –occupancy classification determined with the help from the Fire Department
 Open Parking Garages –may be considered as S‐2occupancy
 Other requirements-Using Engineering and Construction Judgment (some of the requirements are similar to elevator
requirements).
3.Architectural requirements
 Mechanical automobile parking lifts must provide adequate door clearance for an attendant to exit a vehicle per
manufactures specifications

25.  Minimum height requirements (Cont.)
 Mechanical automobile parking lifts shall be arranged in such a manner as to allow full operation of the sprinkler system.
 A minimum of 16 feet. ceiling height shall be provided when atwo- parking level mechanical automobile parking lift is
installed in a garage.
 The required ceiling height may be reduced by up to 18 inches ifthe mechanical automobile parking lift is installed in a
non-sprinkler garage, or when approval has been obtained from the Mechanical Plan Check for wall mounted Fire
sprinklers prior to Building Plan Check approval.
 Additional headroom may be required to accommodate installation of roll-up garage doors.

26. Fire Departmental Requirements
Primary Concerns
 Access to building and fire
 Fire detection and reporting
 Fire attack
 Firefighters safety
 Mechanical Parking Design Requirement
 Specific for “car stackers” up to 4 levels
 Outdoor -Have to be minimum 15’ from opening
and walls less than 2-hour fire resistive rated
 Indoor
• Sprinklers
• Smoke exhaust system
• Separated from other uses by
• 2-hour fire resistive rating

27. COMPARISION OF CAR PARKING SYSTEM
S.NO. CRITERIA STACK PARK PUZZLE MULTI FLOOR ROTARY
1. Space Optimization Poor Poor Max space
optimization
Mas space
optimization
2. Capital Investment Low as
compared to
others
Low as compared
to others
Very High Reasonable
3. Operating and
Maintenance Expenses
Low Very High Very High Low
4. Ease of Installation Simple Simple Complex Simple
5. Construction Time Low Low High Low
6. Retrieval Time High Very High High Low
7. Technology Simple Outdated Better Than Puzzle Superior
8. Noise Low Very High Very High Low

28. COMPARISION OF CAR PARKING SYSTEM
S.NO. CRITERIA STACK PARK PUZZLE MULTI FLOOR ROTARY
9. Manual
Override
Not there Facility available Not there Facility is there
10. Reliability Medium Poor Reasonable Good
11. Security Less Secure Reasonable
secured
Highly Secured Highly Secured
12. Centering Device Not there Not there Not There Available
13. Life Cycle 10-15 yrs. 10-15 yrs. 15-20 yrs. 20-25 yrs.
14. Maintenance Cost 3-4% of Capital
cost
3-4% of Capital
cost
2-3% of Capital
Cost
2-3% of Capital cost

29. Volkswagen Parking Lot Tower At Autostadt
BASIC INFORMATION:
Type - Public
Founded- Berlin, Germany (May28, 1937; 80 years ago)
Headquarters - Wolfsburg, Germany
Services- Banking, financing, fleet management, insurance,
Owner - Porsche Automobile Holding SE (52.2%),
State of lower Saxony(20.0%), Qatar Investment
Divisions - Automotive Division , Financial Services Division
Volkswagen Multi-storeyed Parking Building

30. Volkswagen Parking Lot Tower At Autostadt
FEATURE:
A kind of temporary vertical parking lot at Volkswagen.
The 48-meter tall silos are composed of glass and galvanized steel, illuminated by night.
Lifted into position via mechanical arms that rotate and run along a central beam, moving vehicles in and out of their bays.
Gross floor area of two towers and the basement: 25,170 m² construction

31. CAR
Interior Steel
Structure
Steel Beam
Exterior Glass & Interior
Member
LIFT (FOR CAR)
World fastest automatic parking system
Lift speed : 2 meter / sec
Robotic pallet system mounted on rails
Using 2 Car shuttles
Each servicing 180” of the silo
It takes In 1min and 44sec from the
entrance of the towers to the highest
parking space
Parking system is based around micro
controller and sensor
It follows the instruction as the computer
does do
MOVABLE ARM
EXTENDABLE ARM
(7’-0”)
BASE
Wakable Path For People
STRUCTURAL SYSTEM
Steel structure with glass façade
Interior steel structure

33. Al Jahra Court, Kuwait
 The largest automated parking facility has 2,314 parking spaces, and
was achieved by Robotic Parking Systems Inc. and Mohamed
Abdulmohsin Al-Kharafi & Sons in Al Jahra, Kuwait.
 The facility was inspected on 21 October 2017.
 It renowned the Guinness World Record for the “Largest Automated
Parking Facility.”
 It was designed as a combination of 684 concrete ramp parking spaces
with 2,314 automated spaces on top.
 The Robotic Parking Systems portion of the project provides almost 3.5
times the number of conventional ramp-style parking spaces in
approximately the same volume. While the conventional parking
portion is 7 levels and over 97 feet high, the RPS portion is 11 levels
and 115 high.
Number of Spaces 2314
Footprint 328 ft x 168 ft
Height 115 ft (RPS)
Levels 11
Entry / Exit Terminals 12
Throughput
425 cars /
hour certified
Average Single

34. Al Jahra Court, Kuwait
 Peak traffic throughput for this Robotic Parking System is 425 cars per hour
delivered through the 12 grade level entry / exit bays that service the garage.
 That’s a capacity to deliver almost 7 cars each and every minute. The
performance of the facility exceeded the contract requirements of 400 cars
per hour throughput and an average of 220 seconds single retrieval time.

35. References:
https://www.siegerparking.com/stack-parking-system.php
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PRREvL4a5FI
https://www.parkpiu.com/automatic-parking/traslopark-t-109.html
https://research.ijcaonline.org/volume111/number15/pxc3901499.pdf
https://www.roboticparking.com/projects/al-jahra-court-kuwait/
https://interestingengineering.com/volkswagens-car-towers-at-autostadt-in-wolfsburg-germany
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328042731_Optimal_Design_and_Planning_for_Com
pact_Automated_Parking_Systems/link/5bb48eb8a6fdccd3cb84af07/download

36. Thank you